Izimfihlakalo zaseGibhithe lasendulo ziyaqhubeka nokuthakazelisa abantu emhlabeni wonke. Amaphiramidi amangalisayo, ama-hieroglyphs ayinkimbinkimbi, kanye nemikhuba eyinkimbinkimbi yokungcwaba iye yathatha imicabango yososayensi nezazi-mlando iminyaka eminingi.
Manje, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe obuphambili, singathola amazwibela wokuthi abantu bakuleso sikhathi babebukeka kanjani ngempela. NgoSepthemba 2021, ososayensi baveza ubuso obakhiwe kabusha bamadoda amathathu ahlala eGibhithe lasendulo eminyakeni engu-2,000 edlule ngobuchwepheshe bedijithali, okusivumela ukuba sibabone ngendlela ababebukeka ngayo lapho beneminyaka engu-25 ubudala.
Le nqubo enemininingwane, ethembele kudatha ye-DNA ekhishwe ku- yabo izinsalela ezingcwatshiwe, unikeze abacwaningi iwindi elisha empilweni ye abaseGibhithe lasendulo.
Lezi zidumbu zazivela e-Abusir el-Meleq, idolobha laseGibhithe lasendulo elisesigodini sezikhukhula eningizimu yeCairo, futhi zangcwatshwa phakathi kuka-1380 BC no-AD 425. Ososayensi baseMax Planck Institute for the Science of Human History eTübingen, eJalimane, ilandele i-DNA yomama ngo-2017; kwaba ukwakhiwa kabusha okuyimpumelelo kokuqala kofuzo lukamama waseGibhithe lasendulo.
Abaphenyi ku- I-Parabon NanoLabs, a DNA inkampani yezobuchwepheshe e-Reston, eVirginia, yasebenzisa idatha yofuzo ukuze idale amamodeli e-3D obuso bezidumbu isebenzisa i-DNA phenotyping ye-forensic, esebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kofuzo ukubikezela ukuma kwezici zobuso nezinye izici zokubukeka komzimba womuntu.
"Kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi i-DNA phenotyping ephelele yenziwe ku-DNA yomuntu yalesi sikhathi," kusho abameleli beParabon esitatimendeni. U-Parabon wembule ubuso bezidumbu ngoSepthemba 15, 2021, ku-32nd International Symposium on Human Identification e-Orlando, Florida.
I-Snapshot, ithuluzi le-phenotyping elakhiwe ososayensi, lasetshenziswa ukuze kutholwe idlozi lomuntu, umbala wesikhumba, nezici zobuso. Ngokwesitatimende, amadoda ayenesikhumba esinsundu esikhanyayo esinamehlo amnyama nezinwele; ukwakheka kwawo kwezakhi zofuzo kwakuseduze nesabantu banamuhla baseMedithera noma eMpumalanga Ephakathi kunaleyo yabaseGibhithe banamuhla.
Abacwaningi babe sebedala amameshi e-3D aveza izici zobuso bomama, kanye namamephu okushisa agqamisa ukuhluka phakathi kwabantu abathathu aphinde acwenge imininingwane yobuso ngabunye. Imiphumela yabe isihlanganiswa ngumculi wezobunhloli weParabon ngezibikezelo ze-Snapshot mayelana nesikhumba, iso, nombala wezinwele.
Ngokusho kuka-Ellen Greytak, umqondisi weParabon we-bioinformatics, esebenzisana naye I-DNA yomuntu yasendulo kungaba inselele ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: i-DNA ivame ukucekelwa phansi kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile ixutshwa ne-DNA yebhaktheriya. "Phakathi kwalezo zici ezimbili, inani le-DNA yomuntu etholakalayo ngokulandelana lingaba lincane kakhulu," Kusho uGreytak.
Ososayensi abadingi i-genome ephelele ukuze bathole isithombe somzimba womuntu ngoba ingxenye enkulu ye-DNA yabelwa yibo bonke abantu. Kunalokho, badinga kuphela ukuhlaziya izindawo ezithile ezithile ku-genome ezihluka phakathi kwabantu, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-nucleotide polymorphisms eyodwa (SNPs). NgokukaGreytak, eziningi zalezi khodi ze-SNP zokwehluka ngokomzimba phakathi kwabantu.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho i-DNA yasendulo ingenayo i-SNP eyanele ukukhomba isici esithile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ososayensi bangakwazi ukuthola izakhi zofuzo ezingekho emazingeni ama-SNP azungezile, ngokusho kukaJanet Cady, usosayensi we-Parabon bioinformatics.
Izibalo ezibalwe kusukela ezinkulungwaneni zamagenome zibonisa ukuthi i-SNP ngayinye ihlobene kangakanani nomakhelwane ongekho, kuchaza uCady. Abacwaningi sebengakwazi ukudala ukuqagela kwezibalo mayelana nokuthi bekuyini i-SNP engekho. Izinqubo ezazisetshenziswa kulezi zidumbu zasendulo zingasiza futhi ososayensi bakhe kabusha ubuso ukuze babone izidumbu zesimanje.
Kuze kube manje, izimo ezibandayo eziyisishiyagalolunye kweziyi-175 abacwaningi beParabon abasize ukuzixazulula besebenzisa uhlu lozalo ziye zacwaningwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zalolu cwaningo.
Kuyathakazelisa ngempela ukubona laba bantu bebuyiselwa ekuphileni ngemva kweminyaka engu-2,000 kusetshenziswa idatha ye-DNA nobuchwepheshe besimanje.
Imininingwane nokunemba kokwakhiwa kabusha kuyamangalisa ngempela, futhi sijabule ukubona ukuthi intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo kwezobuchwepheshe ingasisiza kanjani ukuthi siqonde kangcono. okhokho bethu basendulo.
Ukwaziswa okwengeziwe: I-Parabon® Idala Kabusha Ubuso Bomama WaseGibhithe kusukela ku-DNA Yasendulo
