Imfihlakalo Ye-Monolith Yasendulo Enkulu Ye-Tlaloc

I-Monolith yaseTlaloc iyisithombe setshe elikhulukazi elimele unkulunkulu wama-Aztec wemvula, amanzi, umbani, nezolimo, i-Tlaloc. Lesi sikhumbuzo esihle kakhulu, esithathwa njengesikhulu se-monolith eMelika, sake saba eduze kwedolobha laseCoatlinchan (okusho 'ikhaya lezinyoka'). Namuhla, iMonolith yaseTlaloc emangalisayo ihlobisa umnyango weNational Museum of Anthropology eMexico City. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula umlando, ukutholakala, kanye nokubaluleka kwalo msebenzi wobuciko wasendulo, siphinde sihlole izimfihlakalo ezibangela le mpicabadala yasendulo.

Okuqukethwe -

I. Wayengubani u-Tlaloc?

II. Izici ezinomusa nezinonya

III. Ukukhulekela neminikelo

IV. Izikhumbuzo ezihlonipha i-Tlaloc

IV.I. I-monolith ye-Tlaloc e-Morelos

IV.II. I-altare eThempelini Elikhulu laseTenochtitlan

V. Ukutholwa kanye nokutholwa kabusha

VI. Izinselelo zokuthutha kanye nemikhosi

VII. Imizamo yokulondoloza

VIII. Izimfihlakalo ezizungeze i-monolith

VIII.I. Umsuka kanye inkwali

VIII.II. Izindlela zokuthutha

VIII.III. Isikhundla okuhlosiwe kanye nomonakalo

VIII.IV. Ukuqagela ngenjongo ye-monolith

IX. Amazwi wokugcina

Wayengubani u-Tlaloc?

Imfihlakalo ye-Monolith yasendulo enkulu ye-Tlaloc 2 — Tlaloc, kusukela ku-Codex Rios p. 20R. © Wikimedia Commons

I-Tlaloc yayingomunye wezithixo ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezihlonishwayo kuma-Aztec pantheon. Igama lakhe kukholakala ukuthi liyinhlanganisela yamagama amabili esiNahuatl, elithi thali nelithi oc, asho 'umhlaba' kanye 'nento engaphezulu,' ngokulandelana. Njengoba unkulunkulu ngokuyinhloko ehlotshaniswa nezimo zezulu ezihlobene namanzi, i-Tlaloc yayinemvelo emibili enkolweni yama-Aztec.

Izici ezinomusa nezinonya

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Tlaloc wayengumuntu onomusa owathumela imvula, isici esibalulekile kwezolimo nokuphila, emhlabeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wayengadedela amandla akhe okubhubhisa ngokubangela iziphepho, isomiso, nezinye izinhlekelele ezaziphazamisa ukuphila kwabantu. Le mvelo embaxambili yenza i-Tlaloc yaba unkulunkulu obalulekile nowesabekayo emehlweni ama-Aztec asendulo.

Ukukhulekela neminikelo

IThempeli Elikhulu laseTenochtitlan (owaziwa nangokuthi 'iMeya yeTemplo') lanikezelwa konkulunkulu ababili, omunye wabo kwakunguTlaloc. Omunye kwakunguHuitzilopochtli, unkulunkulu wempi wama-Aztec. Izinyathelo eziholela endaweni engcwele yeTlaloc zazipendwe okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe, zifanekisela amanzi, isici sikankulunkulu. Iminikelo etholakala endaweni engcwele yayihlanganisa izinto ezixhunywe olwandle, njengamakhorali namagobolondo olwandle, okuqhubeka kugcizelela ukuhlangana kukaTlaloc namanzi.

Izikhumbuzo ezihlonipha i-Tlaloc

I-Tlaloc yayikhulekelwa kuwo wonke uMbuso Wama-Aztec, futhi kuye kwatholakala izikhumbuzo ezihlukahlukene nezinto zobuciko ezifakazela ukubaluleka kwakhe:

I-monolith ye-Tlaloc e-Morelos

Imfihlakalo ye-Monolith yasendulo enkulu ye-Tlaloc 3 — I-monolith ye-Tlaloc e-Morelos. © Umlando we-Eco / Ukusetshenziswa Okufanelekile

Ngokungangabazeki umfanekiso ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu weTlaloc yiMonolith yeTlaloc uqobo. Njenge-monolith etholakala eMorelos, lokhu kuqoshwa kwamatshe okukhulukazi nakho kwaqala ngekhulu lesi-8 AD (yize eminye imithombo iphakamisa usuku lwekhulu lesi-5). Njengoba inesisindo esingamathani angu-152 futhi imi kumamitha angu-7 (22.97 ft.) ubude, iMonolith yaseTlaloc ibhekwa njenge-monolith enkulu kunazo zonke eyaziwa emazweni aseMelika.

I-monolith ihlanganisa ukuqoshwa kwezithombe zezolimo kanye nesithombe se-Tlaloc ezinhlangothini zayo. Abavubukuli bacabanga ukuthi le monolith yayisetshenziselwa izinjongo zesiko, ikakhulukazi ukucela imvula kunkulunkulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi i-monolith ayizange iqedwe abadali bayo.

I-altare eThempelini Elikhulu laseTenochtitlan

Enye i-artifact emangalisayo ehlobene ne-Tlaloc yavubukulwa ngo-2006 emanxiweni eThempeli Elikhulu laseTenochtitlan eMexico City. Leli altare letshe nomhlaba, okukholakala ukuthi lineminyaka engaba ngu-500 ubudala, latholwa ohlangothini olusentshonalanga yethempeli. I-altare libonisa i-frieze ebonisa i-Tlaloc nomunye unkulunkulu wezolimo.

Ukutholwa kanye nokutholwa kabusha

IMonolith yaseTlaloc yatholwa kabusha okokuqala maphakathi nekhulu le-19, ilele phansi komfula owomile eduze kwedolobha laseCoatlinchan. Yahlala endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lama-20 lapho kunqunywa khona ukuhambisa i-monolith eMexico City ukuze ihlobise umnyango weNational Museum of Anthropology eyayisanda kwakhiwa.

Imfihlakalo ye-Monolith yasendulo enkulu ye-Tlaloc 4 — I-monolith ye-Tlaloc e-Coatlinchan, eMexico, maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. © U-Rodney Gallop, uhlonishwa u-Nigel Gallop / Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele

Izinselelo zokuthutha kanye nemikhosi

Imfihlakalo ye-Monolith yasendulo enkulu ye-Tlaloc 5 — Ukuthuthwa kweMonolith yaseTlaloc kwakunzima. © Mexicolour.co.uk / Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele

Ukuthutha iMonolith enkulu yaseTlaloc kwakungeyona into elula. Abantu baseCoatlinchan bagcina bevumelene nesicelo sokufuduka ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi kwakhiwe izikhungo ezithile, njengomgwaqo kahulumeni, isikole nesikhungo sezokwelapha edolobheni labo. Lesi sivumelwano saholela ohambweni olumangalisayo lwe-monolith oluya eMexico City ngo-Ephreli 16, 1964.

Imfihlakalo ye-Monolith yasendulo enkulu ye-Tlaloc 6 — I-Monolith emile yase-Tlaloc ihlobise umnyango we-National Museum of Anthropology e-Mexico City. © Pixabay

I-Monolith yase-Tlaloc yathuthwa nge-trailer eyakhiwe ngezinjongo ezinkulu, ethatha ibanga elicishe libe ngama-48 km (29.83 miles). Lapho ifika enhloko-dolobha, i-monolith yamukelwa isixuku sabantu abangu-25,000 esigcawini saseZocalo, kanye nesiphepho esingavamile esenzeka ngenkathi eyomile.

Imizamo yokulondoloza

Selokhu yafakwa ekungeneni kweNational Museum of Anthropology, iMonolith yaseTlaloc iye yavezwa yizici, okubangela ukuthi yonakale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngo-2014, ochwepheshe baqala ukuhlola isimo se-monolith ekulungiseleleni umsebenzi wokubuyisela.

Izimfihlakalo ezizungeze i-monolith

Ukutholakala nomlando weMonolith of Tlaloc kugubuzelwe ngenani lemibuzo engaphenduleki kanye nemininingwane edidayo:

Umsuka kanye inkwali

Omunye wemibuzo eqhubekayo mayelana neMonolith yaseTlaloc imvelaphi yetshe le-andesite elingamathani angu-167 lapho liqoshwe khona. Kuze kube yimanje, inkwali lapho kwatholakala khona itshe ayikaze itholakale.

Izindlela zokuthutha

Enye imfihlakalo ezungeze i-monolith ukuthi ama-Aztec (noma ezinye izizwe zomdabu) asihambisa kanjani isithombe esikhulu kangaka ngaphandle kokufinyelela ezimotweni ezinamasondo, ngokusho kokulandisa okusemthethweni komlando.

Isikhundla okuhlosiwe kanye nomonakalo

IMonolith yaseTlaloc itholwe ilele ngomhlane, nokuyinto engajwayelekile ngoba kubonakala sengathi lo mfanekiso ubuhloselwe ukuma uqonde. Ukwengeza, uhlangothi olungaphambili lwe-monolith lonakele kakhulu. Ukuthi lo monakalo wenziwa abantu noma izakhi zemvelo akukacaci.

Ukuqagela ngenjongo ye-monolith

Njengoba kunikezwe indawo ye-monolith ngaphakathi komfula kanye nezakhi zayo eziyingqayizivele (ezifana nengemuva elikhulu lesithombe kanye nomgodi "wesiko" phezulu), abanye baye bathi iMonolith yaseTlaloc yayingase ibe yinsika yebhuloho lasendulo. ukuwela umfula. Kodwa-ke, lo mbono ungaphakamisa ukuba khona kwezithombe ezengeziwe ezifanayo, ezingakatholwa noma zimbiwe endaweni ye-Texcoco.

Amazwi wokugcina

I-Giant Ancient Monolith yaseTlaloc isewubufakazi obuyindida ngempucuko yama-Aztec kanye nohlelo lwayo lwenkolelo oluyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba ime ngokuziqhenya emnyango weNational Museum of Anthropology eMexico City, iyaqhubeka nokuheha futhi ifake uzungu izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba imibuzo eminingi nezimfihlakalo zisazungeza lesi sakhiwo esikhulu, iMonolith yaseTlaloc ibekezelela njengophawu lwamagugu amasiko acebile abantu base-Aztec basendulo.