Isihlalo sehhashi esineminyaka engu-2,700 ubudala esatholwa ethuneni lasendulo lamaShayina sidala kunawo wonke ake atholakala

Isihlalo sehhashi lenziwe phakathi kuka-727 no-396 BCE - okwenza okungenani libe lidala njengezihlalo zangaphambili eziphula irekhodi, futhi okungenzeka libe lidala kakhulu.

Ithimba lamazwe ngamazwe labavubukuli lithole lokho okungenzeka kube isihlalo sehhashi sakudala esaziwayo endaweni yokumba eChina. Ephepheni labo elanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Archaeological Research in Asia, leli qembu lichaza ukuthi isihlalo sasendulo satholakala kuphi, isimo saso, nendlela esakhiwa ngayo.

Ithuna lamathuna laseYanghai IIM205 elinesikhundla sesihlalo sesikhumba esikhonjiswe umbuthano obomvu.
Ithuna lamathuna laseYanghai IIM205 elinesikhundla sesihlalo sesikhumba esikhonjiswe umbuthano obomvu. © Ucwaningo Lwemivubukulo e-Asia | Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele.

Isihlalo sehhashi satholwa ethuneni emathuneni aseYanghai, eChina. Ithuna kwakungelowesifazane owayegqoke into ebonakala sengathi igiya lokugibela - isihlalo sehhashi sasibekwe ngendlela yokwenza kube sengathi uhlezi phezu kwalo. Ukuqomisana kowesifazane kanye nesihlalo sehhashi kubonisa ukuthi basuka cishe eminyakeni eyi-2,700 edlule.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambili luye lwathola ukuthi ukufuywa kwamahhashi kuqala kwenzeka eminyakeni engaba ngu-6,000 edlule, nakuba ezinyathelweni zokuqala zokufuywa, izilwane zazisetshenziswa njengomthombo wenyama nobisi. Kukholakala ukuthi ukugibela amahhashi kwathatha eminye iminyaka eyinkulungwane ukuthuthuka.

Okunye ukuthungwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesihlalo sehhashi kusindile.
Okunye ukuthungwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesihlalo sehhashi kusindile. © Ucwaningo Lwemivubukulo e-Asia | Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele.

Okunengqondo kusikisela ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, abagibeli baqala ukufuna izindlela zokunciphisa ukugibela. Amahhashi, abacwaningi baye basikisela, cishe avela njengaphezu kwamacansi aboshelwe emahhashini. Futhi, njengoba ithimba kulo mzamo omusha liphawula, amahhashi avumela abagibeli ukuthi bagibele isikhathi eside, okwakubavumela ukuba bazulazule kude futhi ekugcineni bahlanganyele nabantu ezindaweni ezikude.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini luveze ukuthi abantu ababehlala endaweni lapho kwatholakala khona ihhashi, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi yiSubeixi Culture, bathuthela esifundeni eminyakeni engaba ngu-3,000 edlule. Manje kubonakala sengathi bebegibele amahhashi ngesikhathi befika.

Isihlalo esitholwe yithimba lenziwe ngokwenza amakhushini esikhumba senkomo futhi agxishwe ngoboya benyamazane noboya bekamela kanye notshani. Iphinde ivumele ukuhlala, okusiza abagibeli baqonde kangcono lapho bedubula imicibisholo. Nokho, azikho iziyaluyalu. Ithimba labacwaningi liphakamisa ukuthi inhloso okungenzeka kakhulu yokugibela amahhashi kwakuwukusiza ekweluseni izilwane.

Isihlalo sesikhumba kanye netomu elivela ethuneni le-Subeixi M10. 1 - Iphaneli yesihlalo; 2a- Ama-gussets amise okwelensi yangemuva; 2b - Ama-gussets amise okwe-lens yangaphambili; 3 - I-Gullet (indawo eyisicaba yesikhumba eyakhiwe phakathi kwemigqa emibili yokuthunga yangaphandle lapho amaphaneli ehlanganiswa); I-4a - I-Girth, ingxenye yesikhumba; I-4b - Ibhande, ibhande lezinwele zehhashi elilukiwe; 5 - Izintambo zokuxhuma; I-6 - Izinamathiselo zethambo (ngaphambili); 7 - Felt pad; 8 - Crupper; 9 - Itomu; 10 - Isiswebhu.
Isihlalo sesikhumba kanye netomu elivela ethuneni le-Subeixi M10. 1 - Iphaneli yesihlalo; 2a- Ama-gussets amise okwelensi yangemuva; 2b - Ama-gussets amise okwe-lens yangaphambili; I-3 - I-Gullet (indawo eyisicaba yesikhumba eyakhiwe phakathi kwemigqa emibili yokuthunga yangaphandle lapho amaphaneli ehlanganiswa); I-4a - I-Girth, ingxenye yesikhumba; I-4b - Ibhande, ibhande lezinwele zehhashi elilukiwe; 5 - Izintambo zokuxhuma; I-6 - Okunamathiselwe kwethambo (ngaphambili); 7 - Iphedi elizwayo; 8 - Crupper; 9 - Itomu; 10 - Isiswebhu. © Ucwaningo Lwemivubukulo e-Asia | Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele.

Iminyaka yesihlalo sehhashi etholakala eShayina yandulela leyo yezihlalo zasendulo ezitholakala enkabeni nasentshonalanga ye-Eurasian Steppe. Ezokuqala zalezo zihlehliswe esikhathini esithile phakathi kwekhulu lesihlanu nelesithathu BC Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwamahhashi kwakungabantu baseShayina.


Ucwaningo lwashicilelwa okokuqala ngo Ucwaningo Lwemivubukulo e-Asia. Meyi 25, 2023.