Njengomthandi womlando oshisekayo, bengilokhu ngimangazwa impucuko yaseGibhithe lasendulo kanye namagugu ayo anothile amasiko. Esinye sezici ezithakazelisa kakhulu zale mpucuko iSigodi Samakhosi, esasebenza njengendawo yokugcina yokuphumula koFaro abaningi nabalingani babo. Phakathi kwamathuna amaningi akulesi sigodi, iTomb KV35 igqame ngokuhlala kuyo oyindida, iNkosazana Encane. Kulesi sihloko, ngizohlola umlando, imfihlakalo, nokubaluleka kweTomb KV35 nezinto zayo zobuciko, kanye nomklamo wezakhiwo, ukumba, kanye nenqubo yokubuyisela leli thuna eliyingqayizivele.
Isigodi Samakhosi
IsiGodi Samakhosi sisosebeni olusentshonalanga lomfula iNayile eLuxor, eGibhithe. Yasebenza njengendawo yokungcwaba ofaro benkathi yoMbuso Omusha (cishe ngo-1550-1070 BCE) nabalingani babo, kanye nezinye zezikhulu eziphakeme zesigodlo. Lesi sigodi sinamathuna angaphezu kuka-60, amaningi awo atholakala ngekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Amathuna ayahlukahluka ngobukhulu nobunkimbinkimbi, kusukela emigodini elula kuya ezakhiweni ezinamakamelo amaningi ahlotshiswe ngemidwebo emibalabala nemifanekiso eqoshiwe eyinkimbinkimbi.
Umlando weTomb KV35 nokutholakala kwayo
Ithuna i-KV35, elaziwa nangokuthi iTomb of Amenhotep II, latholwa nguVictor Loret ngo-1898. U-Loret, umvubukuli ongumFulentshi, ubelokhu emba eSigodini Samakhosi kusukela ngo-1895 futhi wayesethole amathuna amaningana, kuhlanganise nalawo ase-Amenhotep III kanye I-Tutankhamun. Lapho eqala ukungena eTomb KV35, uLoret wathola ukuthi laliphangiwe ezikhathini zasendulo futhi okuningi okwakuphakathi kwalo lalingekho. Nokho, wazithola izingcezu zebhokisi lomngcwabo wokhuni kanye nomama, azibiza ngokuthi eka-Amenhotep II.
Imfihlakalo Yentokazi Encane
Ngo-1901, omunye umvubukuli ongumFulentshi, uGeorges Daressy, wathola inqolobane yezidumbu ethuneni lika-Amenhotep II. Phakathi kwalezi zidumbu kwakukhona nesinye esahlonzwa “njengeNkosazana Encane,” owesifazane okungaziwa owayengcwatshwe no-Amenhotep II. Inkosikazi Encane yatholakala inephrofayili ye-DNA ehlukile eyayimxhumanisa nomama kaTutankhamun, okuholele ekuqageleni ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayengunina, kanye nendodakazi kaFaro Amenhotep III kanye Nonkosikazi wakhe Omkhulu Wasebukhosini uTiye - okungenzeka kube nguNebetah. noma i-Beketeten. Nokho, ukuthi ungubani ngempela kuseyimpicabadala kuze kube namuhla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqagela kwasekuqaleni kokuthi lo mama wayeyizinsalela zikaNefertiti, noma unkosikazi wesibili ka-Akhenaten u-Kiya kwaphikiswana ngokuthi wayenephutha, njengoba kungekho lapho omunye wabo anikezwa khona isihloko esithi “udadewabo wenkosi” noma “indodakazi yenkosi.” Amathuba okuba iNkosazana Encane kube uSitamun, u-Isis, noma uHenuttaneb kubhekwa njengento engenakwenzeka, njengoba babengamakhosikazi Amakhulu Kayise, u-Amenhotep III, futhi uma u-Akhenaten eshade nanoma yimuphi kubo, njengamakhosikazi Amakhulu Asebukhosini, babeyoba indlovukazi eyinhloko. yaseGibhithe, esikhundleni seNefertiti.
Ukubaluleka kwezinto zobuciko ezitholakala ku-Tomb KV35
Naphezu kokugetshengwa ezikhathini zasendulo, iTomb KV35 yakhiqiza izinto zobuciko ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisikhanyisela ngemikhuba nezinkolelo zamaGibhithe asendulo. Phakathi kwalezi zinto zobuciko kwakukhona izingcezwana zebhokisi lomngcwabo wokhuni, isifuba esine-canopic, nenani lama-shabtis (imifanekiso yomngcwabo). Izingcezu zamabhokisi zazihlotshiswe ngezigcawu ezivela eNcwadini Yabafileyo, iqoqo leziphonso kanye nezinkulumo ezihloselwe ukuqondisa umufi ekuphileni kwangemva kokufa. Isifuba se-canopic sasiqukethe izitho zangaphakathi ze-Amenhotep II, ezakhishwa phakathi nenqubo yokucwiliswa kwezidumbu futhi zagcinwa ezitsheni ezine ze-canopic. Ama-shabti ayehloselwe ukukhonza njengezinceku zikamufi ngemva kokufa futhi ayevame ukulotshwa iziphonso nemithandazo.
Idizayini yezakhiwo zeTomb KV35
I-Tomb KV35 inomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi wezakhiwo obonisa ukubaluleka komhlali wayo, u-Amenhotep II. Ithuna liqukethe uchungechunge lwamaphasishi namagumbi, okuhlanganisa ihholo eliyinsika, igumbi lokungcwaba, namakamelo amaningana asemaceleni. Izindonga nophahla lwalawa makamelo kuhlotshiswe ngemidwebo emibalabala nemifanekiso ebonisa izigcawu ezivela eNcwadini Yabafileyo neminye imibhalo yomngcwabo. Ithuna liphinde libe ne-sarcophagus egcinwe kahle eyenziwe nge-quartzite ebomvu, okwakuhloswe ngayo ukubeka umama ka-Amenhotep II.
Inqubo yokumbiwa kanye nokubuyiselwa kweTomb KV35
Ngemva kokutholwa kwayo nguVictor Loret, iTomb KV35 yambiwa kakhulu futhi yacwaningwa idlanzana labavubukuli kanye nezazi zase-Egypt. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ithuna lavakashelwa abantu abambalwa abavelele, kuhlanganise noHoward Carter, owayezothola ithuna likaTutankhamun kamuva. Ngawo-1990, ithuna lenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu wokubuyisela owawuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwezibani ezintsha kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya, kanye nokulungiswa kwezindonga nophahla olulimele.
Ukuvakashela Ithuna KV35 kanye Nesigodi Samakhosi
Namuhla, iTomb KV35 ivulekele izivakashi njengengxenye yeSigodi Sendawo Yamakhosi. Izivakashi zingahlola ithuna futhi zibone i-sarcophagus egcinwe kahle yase-Amenhotep II, kanye nemidwebo emibalabala nemifanekiso ehlobise izindonga nosilingi lwalo. I-Valley of the Kings iyindawo ethandwa izivakashi futhi ingavakashelwa njengengxenye yohambo oluqondisiwe noma ngokuzimela. Izivakashi kufanele ziqaphele ukuthi ukuthwebula izithombe akuvunyelwe ngaphakathi kwamathuna nokuthi amanye amathuna angase avalwe ukuze alungiswe noma agcinwe.
Amanye amathuna aphawulekayo eSigodini Samakhosi
Ngaphandle kweTomb KV35, iSigodi Samakhosi siqukethe amanye amathuna amaningi aphawulekayo, kuhlanganise neTomb of Tutankhamun, iTomb of Ramesses VI, kanye neTomb of Seti I. La mathuna aziwa ngemihlobiso yawo eyinkimbinkimbi, imifanekiso eqoshiwe eyinkimbinkimbi, -amamumu agciniwe. Izivakashi ezivakashela eSigodini Samakhosi zingahlola la mathuna futhi zifunde ngokuphila nezinkolelo zamaGibhithe asendulo.
Imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo yokulondoloza isigodi samaKhosi
I-Valley of the Kings iyindawo entekenteke futhi esengozini edinga imizamo eqhubekayo yokonga nokulondolozwa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokukhathazeka ngomthelela wezokuvakasha emathuneni naphakathi kwawo, kanye nobungozi bokulimala okuvela ezintweni zemvelo ezifana nokuguguleka nokukhukhula. Ukuze kubhekwane nalokhu kukhathazeka, uhulumeni waseGibhithe kanye nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe basebenzise izinhlelo eziningi zokonga nokulondolozwa kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwezibani ezintsha kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezisimeme zezokuvakasha, kanye nokwakhiwa kwesizindalwazi sokulandelela isimo sezwe. amathuna.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, iTomb KV35 iyithuna elihehayo neliyimpicabadala elinikeza umbono wemikhuba nezinkolelo zamaGibhithe asendulo. Umhlali wayo, iNkosazana Encane, useyimpicabadala kuze kube namuhla, kodwa izinto zobuciko kanye nemihlobiso etholakala ethuneni inikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngesiko nomlando wale mpucuko yasendulo. I-Valley of the Kings iyindawo ephawulekayo eqhubeka nokuthatha amehlo ezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke, futhi imizamo yayo eqhubekayo yokulondoloza nokulondoloza iqinisekisa ukuthi izojatshulelwa yizizukulwane ezizayo.
