Umsebenzi wemivubukulo waseMelika wenze into ethinta umhlathi endaweni yeThempeli leNkosi uRamesses II e-Abydos, e-Egypt. Iqembu livumbulule amakhanda ezinqama angaphezu kuka-2,000 acwilisiwe nawohlokile angenkathi kaPtolemaic, okucatshangwa ukuthi ayiminikelo yesifungo kuFaro. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuqhubeka kokungcweliswa kukaRamesses II kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-1000 ngemva kokufa kwakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okutholakele okumangalisayo, ithimba liphinde lembula isakhiwo esidala kakhulu sendlu yobukhosi, esahlehlela emuva cishe eminyakeni engu-4,000.
Ngokusho komphathi wale mishini, uDkt. Sameh Iskandar, amakhanda ezinqama acwilisiwe atholakala eThempelini lika-Ramesses II asukela esikhathini sikaPtolemaic, esisukela ku-332 BC kuya ku-30 AD. Ukutholakala kwabo ethempelini kubalulekile, njengoba kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlonipha uRamesses II kwaqhubeka iminyaka engaba yi-1000 ngemva kokufa kwakhe.
Esitatimendeni esikhishwe uDkt Mustafa Waziri, uNobhala Jikelele weSupreme Council for Archaeology, siveze ukuthi lo mkhankaso uphinde wavundulula inqwaba yezilwane ezacwiliswa eduze kwamakhanda ezinqama okuhlanganisa izimbuzi, izinja, izimbuzi zasendle, izinkomo, izinyamazane nentshe. , etholwe endlini yokugcina impahla esanda kutholwa endaweni esenyakatho yethempeli.
EGibhithe lasendulo, inqama yayiwuphawu olubalulekile lwamandla nokuzala, futhi yayihlotshaniswa nezithixo eziningana, kuhlanganise nonkulunkulu onekhanda lenqama, uKhnum. UKhnum wayebhekwa njengonkulunkulu womthombo weNayile futhi kwakukholelwa ukuthi wadala abantu esondweni lombumbi esebenzisa ubumba oluvela emfuleni iNayile. Wayehlotshaniswa nokuzala, ukudala, nokuzalwa kabusha.
U-Khnum wayevame ukuvezwa nomzimba womuntu nekhanda lenqama, futhi wayekhulekelwa emathempelini kulo lonke elaseGibhithe. Inqama yayibhekwa njengesilwane esingcwele futhi yayivame ukucwiliswa, njengomnikelo konkulunkulu noma njengophawu lwamandla nokuzala. Ukubaluleka kukankulunkulu wenqama esikweni laseGibhithe lasendulo kubonakala ngobuciko babo, inkolo, kanye nezinganekwane zabo.
Abavubukuli bathola izinto ezibalulekile esikhathini esidlule mayelana nezinqama ezigayiwe eGibhithe. Ngo-2009, kwembulwa ithuna elalinezinqama ezigayiwe ezingu-50 ethempelini laseKarnak e-Luxor, kwathi ngo-2014, kwatholakala inqama ecwilisiwe enezimpondo ezicwebeziwe nokhololo oluyinkimbinkimbi emathuneni asendulo e-Abydos. Kodwa-ke, ukutholwa kwakamuva kwamakhanda enqama angaphezu kuka-2,000 kukhulu kakhulu ohlotsheni lwayo eGibhithe. Amakhanda amaningi alawa ayehlotshisiwe, okubonisa ukuthi ayesetshenziswa njengeminikelo.
Ngaphezu kwamakhanda acwilisiwe, ithimba lemivubukulo le-Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, leNyuvesi yaseNew York, liphinde lathola isakhiwo esikhulu sobukhosi boBukhosi Besithupha esinomklamo ohlukile noyingqayizivele wezakhiwo, okuhlanganisa nezindonga eziwugqinsi ongamamitha amahlanu. Abavubukuli babonise ukuthi lesi sakhiwo sizoholela ekuhlaziyweni kabusha kwemisebenzi nezakhiwo ze-Abydos kule nkathi, kanye nemvelo yemisebenzi eyenzeka ngaphambi kokuba uRamesses II asungule ithempeli lakhe.
Le mishini iphinde yaphumelela ukwembula izingxenye zodonga olusenyakatho oluzungeze iThempeli lika-Ramesses II, olungeza ulwazi olusha ekuqondeni kososayensi ngale ndawo kusukela yatholakala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-150 edlule.
Bathola nezingxenye zezithombe, izinsalela zezihlahla zasendulo, izingubo zokugqoka, nezicathulo zesikhumba. Ithimba lizoqhubeka nomsebenzi walo wokumba esizeni ukuze lembule okwengeziwe ngomlando wale ndawo futhi licwaninge futhi libhale phansi lokho okuye kwatholakala phakathi nenkathi yamanje yokumba. Ukutholwa kunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngomlando weThempeli leNkosi uRamesses II kanye nendawo ezungezile, kunikeza ukukhanya okusha ngokubaluleka kwemivubukulo nomlando wethempeli.
