Ososayensi abalokothi bayeke ukusesha. Okuyiqiniso namuhla kuba okungamanga, noma kufakazelwa ukuthi akulungile endaweni ethile entsha. Okunye okutholakele okunjalo kwatholakala ngaphansi kweqhwa elikhulu laseGreenland.
Ngokuhlola i-DNA etholwe kumasampula amathambo e-mammoth aseSiberia angaphambi komlando, ososayensi bathole iminonjana ye-DNA endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni, eyayineminyaka eyisigidi esisodwa ubudala.
Kuze kube manje kwakuyi-DNA endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lokho kwakuwumlando. Kodwa ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA okusha okuvela e-Ice Age enyakatho yeGreenland kwaphephula yonke leyo mibono emidala.
Ososayensi bathola i-DNA yezemvelo ecishe ibe yiminyaka eyizigidi ezi-2 ubudala, ephindwe kabili kunaleyo eyayaziwa ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokho, incazelo yokuba khona kokuphila emhlabeni ishintshile ngokuphelele.
Ngokukhethekile, i-DNA yezemvelo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-eDNA i-DNA engatholakali ngokuqondile ezingxenyeni zomzimba wesilwane, kunalokho itholakala ngemva kokuthi ngandlela thize ixutshwe namanzi, iqhwa, inhlabathi, noma umoya.
Njengoba kunzima ukuthola izinsalela zezilwane, abacwaningi bakhipha i-eDNA kumasampula enhlabathi ngaphansi kweshidi leqhwa kusukela ku-Ice Age. Lokhu kuyizakhi zofuzo izinto eziphilayo ezizichitha endaweni ezizungezile - isibonelo, ngezinwele, udoti, amathe noma izidumbu ezibolayo.
Lesi sampula esisha se-DNA sitholwe wuhlelo oluhlanganyelwe lwabacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseCambridge kanye naseNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu okutholakele kuyiqiniso kangangokuthi kungachaza imbangela yokufudumala kwembulunga yanamuhla.
Ngesikhathi sokufudumala kwesifunda, lapho amazinga okushisa ayengama-20 kuya ku-34 degrees Fahrenheit (11 kuya ku-19 degrees Celsius) ngaphezu kwanamuhla, le ndawo yayigcwele izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezingavamile, kubika abacwaningi.
Izingcezu ze-DNA ziphakamisa ingxube yezitshalo zase-Arctic, njengezihlahla ze-birch nezihlahla zeminyezane, nalezo ezivame ukukhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele, njengefir nemisedari.
I-DNA iphinde yakhombisa imikhondo yezilwane ezihlanganisa amahansi, onogwaja, ama-reindeer namalemmings. Ngaphambili, inkubabulongwe kanye nezinsalela zonogwaja kwakuwukuphela kwezimpawu zokuphila kwezilwane kule ndawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DNA iphinde iphakamise ukuthi izinkalankala zamahhashi kanye ne-algae eluhlaza kwakuhlala endaweni - okusho ukuthi amanzi aseduze cishe ayefudumele kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Esinye isimangaliso esikhulu kwaba ukuthola i-DNA evela ku-mastodon, uhlobo olusha olubukeka njengengxube phakathi kwendlovu nesilwane esikhulukazi. Ngaphambilini, i-mastodon DNA etholakala eduze nendawo yaseGreenland yayikude kakhulu eningizimu yeCanada futhi yayincane kakhulu ineminyaka engu-75,000 kuphela ubudala.
Umbono ocacile we-ecosystem eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-2 edlule nawo ungatholakala ngokuhlola lawa masampula e-eDNA. Okuzokwakha ulwazi lwethu ngezwe langaphambi komlando ngendlela entsha, futhi kuzophula imibono eminingi emidala.
