I-Japan iyikhaya lezinye zezindawo zakudala ezithakazelisa kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezi zihlanganisa amakamelo okungcwaba, ama-altare emihlatshelo, nemibhoshongo yamatshe eyaziwa ngokuthi "izindlu ezifihliwe" noma "ama-nunoba". Okwakamuva kuwuhlobo lwezivikelo ezivikelayo ezakhiwe abantu bomdabu base-Ainu phakathi nenkathi yakamuva ka-Jōmon. Lezi zakhiwo eziyingqayizivele, ezenziwe umuntu zitholakala cishe e-Hokkaidō kuphela futhi zazisetshenziselwa ukuzingela nanjengemibhoshongo yokubuka abantu abangaba abahlaseli.
Kodwa akugcini lapho iJapane ecashe ngaphansi kwayo. Maningi kakhulu amasayithi e-megalithic ayinqaba asakazeke kulo lonke leli zwe kangangokuthi kungaba lula ukuklelisa lawo angenawo! Kusukela emagumbini amakhulu kuya emakamelweni angaqondakali aqoshwe edwaleni eliqinile, akukho ukushoda kwezimfihlo ezifihliwe ezingaphansi komhlaba e-Japan.
Ukutholakala kwe-megalith eyinqaba ye-Ishi-no-Hoden - indlela yasendulo
Buduze nedolobha elincane laseJapane iTakasago, abavubukuli babeqhuba ucwaningo lwamatshe lapho bebona itshe elikhulu elisesimweni esivamile ngendlela engajwayelekile. Ngemva kokuhlolisisa le nto, ososayensi baqaphela ukuthi phambi kwabo kwakukhona itshe elinesisindo esingamathani angaba ngu-600. Ngokweminye imibono, sikhuluma "ngendlela yasendulo" efihliwe.
Usuku oluqondile lokutholwa alurekhodiwe, kodwa kufanele ukuthi lwalusekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Incazelo enikeziwe, nokho, ibonisa ukuthi i-megalith yayibonakala ngokucacile nangaphambi kokuba itholwe abavubukuli nabahloli bamazwe. Kodwa-ke, ukutadisha okuqhubekayo kwe-megalith kunzima ngenxa yezizathu zokuziphatha. Kwakhiwe isigodlo sezindela zamaShinto nxazonke zayo. Le ndawo yaziwa ngokuthi i-Ishi-no-Hoden.
Ngisho nokuhlola okubukwayo, i-megalith ye-Ishi-no-Hoden ifana nesiqephu esikhulu esivela kumasu ayinkimbinkimbi. I-prismatic protrusion yashiywa kwenye yezindiza zayo - ngeke kube okungenangqondo ukucabanga ukuthi i-spike (izinyo legiya) yayihloselwe ukufakwa emshinini.
“Ababhali bale nto kwadingeka bakhiphe amathani amatshe edwaleni futhi ngandlela thize balipholishe ukuze licishe likhanye esibukweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, asitholanga ngisho inkwali eyodwa eduze.” —UDkt. Kaoru Tokugawa, Osaka University
Ezingxenyeni ezisemaceleni ze-megalith kukhona nemigodi, okuthi, ngokusho kwamanye ama-theorists, angakwazi futhi ukuhambisa itshe ngokwalo kanye nabalingani esakhiweni esikhulu. Le thiyori ibukeka ikholisa kakhulu kuthemba lomumo oyinqaba wale megalith.
Ngokusho kwabaningi, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwe-megalith ye-Ishi-no-Hoden akubukeki njengomsebenzi wezandla; kunalokho, kwasetshenziswa uhlobo oluthile lwethuluzi eliwumshini elingakwazi ukuqhweba, kodwa ligaye idwala eliqinile. Kodwa imibuzo, noma kunjalo, kunalokho ibangelwa inhloso yetshe elingavamile, abacwaningi abaningi abazimele ababiza ngokungafanele ngokuthi "ukhiye".
Kunemibono eminingi kanye nokuqagela ngemuva kwalesi sakhiwo sedwala esingavamile, okuthakazelisa kakhulu "iziqhwaga zasendulo".
Imidondoshiya yasendulo kanye megaliths Japanese
Imidondoshiya ivame ukuvela Ezinganekwaneni zaseJapane. Kukhona ngisho nezinganekwane ukuthi ukuduma kwesiko nempucuko yabo kwawela eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingama-40-60 edlule. Kukholakala ukuthi i-Asuka Park yamanje yayiyisikhungo, futhi mhlawumbe inhloko-dolobha yalokhu impucuko yangaphambi kwezikhukhula yeziqhwaga.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isayensi esemthethweni yabhala lawa matshe ekhulwini lesi-6 noma lesi-7 AD, kodwa izifundo ezinemininingwane azange zenziwe, futhi ukuhlolwa kwanikezwa ngesisekelo sezinto zakudala zasendlini ezitholakala kulesi sifunda. Ngakho-ke, izakhiwo zamatshe zingase zibe zindala kakhulu, futhi izinto zobuciko ezitholakalayo zingaba ezempucuko yaseJapane yanamuhla.
Kuphela endaweni yepaki kucutshungulwa i-megaliths amashumi ezinkulungwane zeminyaka ubudala futhi enesisindo kusuka kumathani angama-350 kuye kwangama-1500. Eqinisweni, amabhlogo amakhulu kangaka afaniswa kuphela I-Baalbek, lapho amabhulokhi amakhulu ngendlela engakholakali anokucubungula (cishe) ngomshini nawo atholwa.
Ukucabanga ukuthi ungqondongqondo wasendulo wanquma ukusika isithombe esingacabangeki edwaleni elikhulu lonke kubukeka njengokuzivocavoca okungenangqondo nokuwubuwula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi abavamile bathi iJapane ngokuqinisekile ingenye yezimpucuko zasendulo, kodwa hhayi nje ukuthi ibe namashumi ezinkulungwane zeminyaka ubudala.
Kulokhu, izinganekwane ziza ukuze zibambe iqhaza. Ama-giants achazwa njengabangane abahle abajabulayo, ama-demigods ayinzalo yonkulunkulu nabesifazane babantu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-motifs enjalo ingatholakala ezinganekwaneni zamasiko amaningi asendulo, ngokucabangela impucuko nezikhathi ezahlukene. Njengokungathi ekuqaleni eMhlabeni kwakukhona abantu abafana nenkawu kanye nenzalo yonkulunkulu.
Isazi sezinganekwane sendawo okuthiwa u-Isira Masazuki sithi i-Asuka Park ayiqukethe nje ama-megalith, kodwa imininingwane enembayo yemishini yamatshe yasendulo. Empeleni, amafomu anjalo afana ngempela nezingxenye ezithile zento enkulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke umbuzo wemidondoshiya ecatshangelwayo uba sobala nakakhulu ngokuvumelana neqiniso lawo.
Ubani owakha amaphiramidi aseGiza? Futhi zakhiwa kanjani ngempela?
Eminyakeni engu-5,000 edlule, abaseGibhithe lasendulo kungenzeka ukuthi babenendlela eyimfihlo yokwakha imibhoshongo yaseGiza. Abavubukuli bakholelwa ukuthi la matshe amakhulu athuthwa esuka ezinkwalini eziqhele ngamakhilomitha amaningi futhi ahlanganiswa endaweni, ngosizo lwezigqila namathuluzi asendulo amise okwe-T.
Ukwakhiwa kwamaphiramidi e-Giza kuwucwaningo oluthakasela kakhulu ukuthi isayensi, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezibalo kuhlangana kanjani. Imibhoshongo iwukuphela kwezakhiwo zasendulo ezaziwa ukuthi zazisebenzisa amabhlogo asikwe kahle anesisindo esingamathani angama-80 lilinye.
Lawa mabhulokhi awahlangani kahle, kodwa abonakala ewuhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi wesikhumbuzo sobunjiniyela. Abaningi bayazibuza uma umsebenzi onjalo wawungenzeka ngaphandle kwamathuluzi esimanje. Uma kunjalo, kwenziwa kanjani?
Kukhona amathiyori amaningi ukuthi amaphiramidi akhiwa kanjani, kodwa bonke bayasilela eqinisweni. Futhi kunemibono eyengeziwe yokuthi zakhiwe kanjani kusetshenziswa amathuluzi alula kuphela njengamapiki namarola.
Kungenzeka ukuthi zakhiwe kusetshenziswa izinsimbi namasondo, kodwa lezi ngeke zibale ukunemba okudingekayo ekuqopheni amabhlogo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi athuthelwe endaweni kusetshenziswa amarampu noma izihlibhi, kodwa lokho bekuzokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi ahlangane kahle.
Noma amatshe ayengaphakanyiswa ngamabhulokhi nezintambo.
Ukwakha ama-megaliths e-Ishi-no-Hoden kanye ne-Asuka Park kwakunzima kakhulu
Nakuba lokhu kuthakazelisa, kungenye into lapho imibhoshongo yaseGibhithe yakhiwa ngamatshe amancane uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi kungokunye ukwenza okuthile ngezingxenye ezinesisindo esingamathani angu-1,000 XNUMX, okwenzeka ezimweni eziningi zama-megalith aseJapane.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kukhona nethuna okucatshangwa ukuthi likhona e-Asuka Park. Ngeshwa, azikho izinsalela zomuntu noma izinto zasendlini ezitholakele, kodwa umbhede ngokwawo ulinganisa amamitha angu-4.5 ngo-1.8 wamamitha okusobala ukuthi akuwona owomzimba womuntu. Ezinye izithombe ezibonisa imidondoshiya ziqoshwe etsheni kuma-megalith amaningana. Abanye baze bakholelwe ukuthi elinye lalawa matshe libonisa imephu yendlu yenkanyezi yonkulunkulu, ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, lokhu kuwulwazi mayelana nokuphila kwama-giants.
Amazwi wokugcina
Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ubani owakha lezi megalith zasendulo zaseJapane ayikaziwa, kodwa lokho akukuvimbi ukuqagela. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi imidondoshiya noma izidalwa zangaphandle kwaba nesibopho sokudala lezi zakhiwo. Nakuba bungekho ubufakazi obuphathekayo obusekela le thiyori, kuwumbono othakazelisayo okufanele ucatshangelwe.
Ekugcineni, lokhu akunandaba ukuthi ubani noma yini ekugcineni enembangela yalezi zakhiwo ezingaqondakali, ziyaqhubeka nokudida ochwepheshe futhi zihehe umphakathi uwonke ngokufanayo.
UCABANGANI? Ucabanga ukuthi ubani owakha lezi megalith zasendulo zaseJapane? Ingabe ngempela imidondoshiya yayinembangela yalokhu?
