I-Greek yasendulo i-Derveni Papyrus: Incwadi endala kunazo zonke eYurophu

Incwadi yokuqala yesiko lasentshonalanga ilotshwe ku-papyrus eminyakeni engaba ngu-2400 edlule.

Ngemva kwenqubo enzima yokuqaqa nokuhlukanisa izingqimba ezishile zomqulu we-papyrus, nokuhlanganisa izingcezu eziningi, kwatakulwa izinsika zombhalo ezingu-26, zonke zingenazo izingxenye zazo ezingezansi, ezazishe zangqongqa.

IGreki Yasendulo iDerveni Papyrus: Incwadi endala kunazo zonke esekhona eYurophu 1
Ingxenye yesiGreki sasendulo iDerveni Papyrus. © Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki

Umqulu wasendulo we-papyrus wamaGreki, i-papyrus yaseDerveni ubhekwa njengombhalo wesandla omdala kunayo yonke waseYurophu ofundekayo, ophakathi kuka-340 no-320 BC; Ngaleso sikhathi kwabusa uPhilip II waseMacedon.

Iqanjwe ngendawo lapho yatholwa khona, emakhilomitha ayisithupha enyakatho yeThessaloniki, enyakatho yeGreece, lapho manje isigcinwe e-Archaeological Museum.

Ugebhezi lwekhanda lomuntu olungaguquki lwe-Chalcolithic lwatholwa ngo-1962 phakathi komlotha wesitsha somngcwabo kwelinye lamathuna akulesi sifunda, olunikeze ingcebo yezinto zobuciko ezinhle, ikakhulukazi izinto zensimbi.

Inqubo enzima yokuqaqa nokuhlukanisa izingqimba zomqulu we-papyrus oshisiwe, bese kuxhunywa kabusha izingcezu eziningi, kwaphumela ekubeni kube namakholomu angu-26 ombhalo, wonke angenayo izingxenye zawo ezingezansi, njengoba ayeshiswe emlilweni.

I-Derveni Papyrus iyincwadi yefilosofi

I-papyrus iyincwadi yefilosofi kanye nokuphawula okungokomfanekiso kwenkondlo endala ye-Orphic ephathelene nokuzalwa konkulunkulu.

I-Orphism, inhlangano engaqondakali nenkolo, ihlonipha i-Persephone no-Dionysus, bobabili abahamba baya e-Underworld babuya bephila.

U-Euthyphron waseProspalta, uDiagoras waseMelos, noStesimbrotus waseThasos baphakathi kwezazi eziye zasikisela ukuthi umbhali walesi siqeshana akaziwa.

IGreki Yasendulo iDerveni Papyrus: Incwadi endala kunazo zonke esekhona eYurophu 2
Izingcezu ze-Derveni papyrus njengoba ziboniswe ku-Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki. Ikhredithi: Gts-tg , CC BY-SA 4.0/Wikipedia

UNESCO yabala i-papyrus yasendulo njengento yokuqala yesiko lamaGreki ohlelweni lwayo Lwenkumbulo Yomhlaba. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuvikela ekuboleni nasekushayweni kwamagugu omhlaba wedokhumentari ngokugqamisa ukubaluleka kwemisebenzi yangaphambilini kube lula ukufinyelela kuyo.