I-Algol: Abantu baseGibhithe lasendulo bathola into eyinqaba esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku okwatholwa ososayensi kuphela ngo-1669.

Njengoba yaziwa ngokuthi i-Demon Star, inkanyezi i-Algol yaxhunyaniswa neso elicwayizayo le-Medusa izazi zezinkanyezi zakuqala. I-Algol empeleni iyisistimu yezinkanyezi ezi-3-in-1. Isistimu yezinkanyezi noma uhlelo lwenkanyezi inombolo encane yezinkanyezi ezizungezana, eziboshwe ukukhangwa kwamandla adonsela phansi.

Inkanyezi ye-Algol
I-Algol empeleni iyizinkanyezi ezintathu endaweni eyodwa - i-Beta Persei Aa1, i-Aa2 ne-Ab - futhi njengoba lezi zinkanyezi zidlula ngaphambi nangemuva kwenye, ukukhanya kwazo kubonakala kushintshashintsha kusuka eMhlabeni. Izinkanyezi ezintathu ohlelweni lwenkanyezi azibonakali ngokuhlukile emehlweni enqunu. © Umthombo Wesithombe: Wikisky.org, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Kutholwe ngokusemthethweni ngo-1669, amalanga amathathu e-Algol azungezana, okubangela "inkanyezi" ukufiphaza nokukhanya. Umbhalo we-papyrus oneminyaka engu-3,200 ubudala owacwaningwa ngo-2015 wasikisela ukuthi abaseGibhithe lasendulo bawuthola kuqala.

Lo mbhalo owawubizwa ngokuthi IKhalenda LaseCairo, wawuqondisa usuku ngalunye lonyaka, unikeza izinsuku ezinhle zemikhosi, izibikezelo, izixwayiso, ngisho nemisebenzi yonkulunkulu. Ngaphambili, abacwaningi babenomuzwa wokuthi ikhalenda lasendulo linesixhumanisi nesibhakabhaka, kodwa abazange babe nabuphi ubufakazi.

I-Algol: Abantu baseGibhithe lasendulo bathola into eyinqaba esibhakabhakeni ebusuku eyatholwa ososayensi kuphela ngo-1669 1
Ikhalenda elibhalwe kuyi-papyrus lihlanganisa zonke izinsuku zonyaka, futhi liphawula amadili enkolo, izindaba zezinganekwane, izinsuku ezivumayo noma ezingezinhle, izibikezelo, nezixwayiso zabantu baseGibhithe. Izigaba ezikhanya kakhulu zazo zombili i-Algol neNyanga zihambisana nezinsuku ezinhle ekhalendeni labantu baseGibhithe lasendulo. © Umthombo Wesithombe: Isizinda Esisesidlangalaleni

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izinsuku ezinhle zekhalenda zifana nezinsuku ezikhanya kakhulu ze-Algol kanye nalezo zeNyanga. Kubonakala sengathi abantu baseGibhithe babengakwazi nje ukubona inkanyezi ngaphandle kosizo lwesibonakude, umjikelezo wayo waba nethonya elijulile ekhalendeni labo lenkolo.

Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziya kwezibalo KumaKhalenda Ezinsuku Zenhlanhla Nezingenanhlanhla aqoshwe kuyi-papyrus, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yase-Helsinki e-Finland bakwazi ukufanisa imisebenzi kankulunkulu waseGibhithe lasendulo uHorus nomjikelezo wezinsuku ezingu-2.867 we-Algol. Lokhu kutholwa kuphakamisa ngokuqinile ukuthi abaseGibhithe babeyazi kahle i-Algol futhi bashintsha amakhalenda abo ukuze afane nenkanyezi eguquguqukayo eminyakeni eyi-3,200 edlule.

Setha (uSeth) noHorus bakhonze uRamesses. Ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi inyanga imelwe nguSeth kanye nenkanyezi eguquguqukayo i-Algol nguHorus eKhalenda laseCairo.
Onkulunkulu uSeth (kwesobunxele) noHorus (kwesokudla) abakhulekela uRamesses ethempelini elincane e-Abu Simbel. Ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi inyanga imelwe nguSeth kanye nenkanyezi eguquguqukayo i-Algol nguHorus eKhalenda laseCairo. © Umthombo Wesithombe: Wikimedia Commons (Isizinda Esisesidlangalaleni)

Ngakho imibuzo esalokhu ingaphenduleki yilena: Abantu baseGibhithe lasendulo baluthola kanjani ulwazi olujulile ngale ndlela yezinkanyezi ze-Algol? Kungani bahlobanisa lesi simiso sezinkanyezi nomunye wonkulunkulu babo abaphawulekayo, uHorus? Okuphawuleka nakakhulu ukuthi, balubona kanjani uhlelo lwezinkanyezi ngaphandle kwesibonakude nakuba sasiqhele ngama-light-year cishe angu-92.25 ukusuka eMhlabeni?