Ngo-2017, iqembu labavubukuli nabacwaningi wathola idolobha eselikhohliwe kudala esifundeni sase-Ethiopia esisempumalanga yeHarlaa. Laziwa ngokuthi 'Idolobha LamaGiants' lasendulo, elakhiwa cishe ngekhulu le-10 BC. Lokhu kutholwa kwenziwa ithimba lamazwe ngamazwe labavubukuli, kuhlanganise nabacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yase-Exeter kanye ne-Ethiopian Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation Authority.
Amadolobha amakhulu akhiwe futhi ahlalwa imidondoshiya ayisihloko sezindaba eziningi kanye nenganekwane. Amasiko emiphakathi eminingana eyahlukaniswa izilwandle ezinkulu wonke abonisa lokho kwakukhona imidondoshiya eyayihlala eMhlabeni, kanye nezakhiwo eziningi ze-megalithic ezivela ezikhathini ezihlukene zomlando nazo ziphakamisa ukuba khona kwazo.
Ngokusho kwezinganekwane zaseMesoamerican, i-Quinametzin bekuwumjaho weziqhwaga ezazijutshwe ukwakha ithempeli. Idolobha lasezinganekwaneni laseTeotihuacán, elakhiwa onkulunkulu belanga. Ukwehluka kule ngqikithi kungatholakala emhlabeni wonke: amadolobha amakhulu, izikhumbuzo, nezakhiwo ezinkulu okwakungenakwenzeka ukuba abantu abavamile bazakhe ngesikhathi zakhiwa, ngenxa yentuthuko yesayensi.
Kule ngxenye ye-Ethiopia, yilokho kanye okwenzekayo. Ngokwezakhamuzi zamanje, izakhiwo ezinkulu ezakhiwe ngamabhulokhi amakhulu zazizungeza indawo yaseHarlaa, okwenza kube nenkolelo evamile yokuthi lake laliyikhaya “leDolobha Lemidondoshiya” elidumile. Abantu bendawo baye bathola izinhlamvu zemali ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene, kanye nezitsha zobumba zasendulo, phakathi neminyaka, bathi. Kwatholakala namatshe amakhulu okwakha ayengenakunyakaziswa abantu ngaphandle kosizo lwemishini yesimanje.
Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zakhiwo zakhiwa abantu abavamile kwakucatshangwa ukuthi akunakwenzeka isikhathi eside ngenxa yalezi zici. Kutholwe okuningi okuphawulekayo ngenxa yokumbiwa kwedolobha lakudala.
Idolobha elilahlekile eHarlaa
Ochwepheshe bamangala lapho bethola izinto zakudala ezivela ezindaweni ezikude endaweni emangalisayo. Izinto ezivela e-Egypt, India, nase-China zitholwe ngochwepheshe, okufakazela ikhono lezohwebo lesifunda.
I-mosque yangekhulu le-12, efana naleyo etholwe eTanzania, kanye nendawo ezimele ye-Somaliland, isifunda esingakaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni njengezwe, nayo yatholwa ngabacwaningi. Ukutholwa, ngokusho kwabavubukuli, kukhombisa ukuthi kwakukhona ukuxhumana okungokomlando phakathi kwemiphakathi eyahlukene yamaSulumane e-Afrika phakathi naso sonke leso sikhathi, futhi
Isazi se-Archeologist Timothy Insoll, uprofesa wase-University of Exeter, owayehola lolu cwaningo wathi: “Lokhu okutholakele kushintsha indlela esikuqonda ngayo ukuhwebelana ngendawo yase-Ethiopia enganakwa ngemivubukulo. Esikutholile kukhombisa ukuthi le ndawo yayiyisizinda sokuhwebelana kuleso sifunda. Idolobha laliyisikhungo esicebile, esixubile sokwenza ubucwebe futhi izingcezu zabe sezithathwa ukuze zidayiswe endaweni yonke nangale kwayo. Izakhamuzi zaseHarlaa zaziwumphakathi oxubile wabantu bakwamanye amazwe nabantu bendawo ababehweba nabanye oLwandle Olubomvu, e-Indian Ocean futhi ngokunokwenzeka ezindaweni ezikude njengase-Arabian Gulf.”
Idolobha leziqhwaga?
Izakhamizi zesifunda saseHarlaa zikholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lakhiwe imidondoshiya, ngokwezinkolelo zazo. Ukucabanga kwabo ukuthi ubukhulu bamatshe asetshenziselwa ukwakha lezi zakhiwo bungathwalwa kuphela imidondoshiya emikhulu. Kwakusobala futhi ukuthi laba kwakungebona abantu abavamile ngenxa yobukhulu bezakhiwo, futhi.
Ngemva kokuhlaziywa kwezidumbu ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu ezatholwa emathuneni endawo, abavubukuli bathola ukuthi izakhamuzi zazinesiqu esimaphakathi, ngakho-ke zingabhekwa njengeziqhwaga. Intsha yabantu abadala kanye nentsha yangcwatshwa emathuneni atholwe, ngokusho kuka-Insoll, ophinde abhekelele ukubheka abavubukuli abasebenza ngokumba. Ngaleso sikhathi, zonke zazinobude obujwayelekile.
Nakuba bevuma idatha ehlinzekwe ngochwepheshe, abantu bomdabu babambelele ekutheni abaqiniseki ngalokho abakutholile futhi bagcina ngokuthi imidondoshiya kuphela ekwazile ukwakha lezi zakhiwo eziyisikhumbuzo. Akukhona okokuqala ukuthi isayensi yanamuhla ilahle inganekwane osekungamakhulu eminyaka ikhona njengenganekwane nje.
Yini ngezakhamuzi ezenza ziqiniseke ukuthi iziqhwaga zazinomsebenzi wokwakha izakhiwo zaseHarlaa? Phakathi nale minyaka, ingabe kukhona abakuphawulile? Akufani nokuthi bangaba nanoma yisiphi isisusa sokuqamba noma ukuqamba amanga nganoma yini efana naleyo.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amathuna anganikeli ubufakazi bokuthi kukhona imidondoshiya, lokhu akusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi imidondoshiya babe nesandla ekwakhiweni kwale ndawo. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zidalwa azingcwatshwanga endaweni eyodwa ngoba zithathwa njengezinhlaka ezinkulu nezinamandla. Abanye abavumi.
