Imifino ebomvu yizinkanyezi ezivame kakhulu emthaleni wethu. Encane futhi epholile kuneLanga, isibalo sazo esiphakeme sisho ukuthi amaplanethi amaningi afana noMhlaba asetholwe kuze kube manje ososayensi asemzileni wawo. Inkinga ukuthi, ukugcina amazinga okushisa avumela ukuba khona kwamanzi oketshezi, isimo esibalulekile empilweni, la maplanethi kufanele azungeze asondele kakhulu ezinkanyezini zawo, ikakhulukazi, kunalokho uMhlaba enza eLangeni.
Okubi ukuthi imifino ebomvu iyakwazi ukudala imililo enamandla, inodlame kakhulu futhi inamandla kunaleyo ethulwe yiLanga lethu elinokuthula, futhi lokho sekwenze ososayensi bangabaza ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukusingatha amaplanethi akwazi ukuxhasa impilo.
Ngabe ama-flare athinta kanjani?
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi, ngokwezinga elikhulu, impilo eMhlabeni incike emandleni enkanyezi yawo ukuze ibe khona. Okungasho ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi, njengoba kwenza zonke izinkanyezi, iLanga likhipha ubuhlakani balo futhi lisithumele amalangabi aqinile anamandla okunikeza izikhungo zethu zamandla namanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana ngosizi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, iLanga libuthakathaka uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinkanyezi. Futhi phakathi kwabanodlame kakhulu kukhona, ngokunembile, abancane ababomvu.
Manje, iqembu labaphenyi selifundile ukuthi okwenziwa yilezi zingqimba kungathinta kanjani umkhathi namandla okusekela impilo yamaplanethi afana nalawo azungeza izinkanyezi eziphansi. Bethule abakutholile ngoLwesithathu e Umhlangano wama-235 we-American Astronomical Society eHonolulu. Umsebenzi usanda kushicilelwa ku- Nature Astronomy.
Ngamazwi ka-Allison Youngblood, isazi sezinkanyezi eNyuvesi yaseColorado eBoulder nombhali-mbumbulu wesifundo, “ILanga lethu liyisidlakela esithule. Indala futhi ayisebenzi njengezinkanyezi ezincane, ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMhlaba unesivikelo sikazibuthe esinamandla esiphambukisa iningi lemimoya elimazayo evela eLangeni. Umphumela uba iplanethi yethu, egcwele izinto eziphilayo. ”
Kepha kumaplanethi azungeza abansundu ababomvu, isimo sihluke kakhulu. Eqinisweni, siyazi ukuthi amalangabi elanga kanye nokukhishwa kwama-coronal mass okukhishwa yilezi zinkanyezi kungalimaza kakhulu amathemba okuphila kulawa mazwe, amaningi awo futhi angenazo izivikelo zikazibuthe. Ngempela, ngokusho kwabalobi, le micimbi inomthelela omkhulu ekuhlaleni kwamaplanethi.
Ama-flare wokugcina aqhamuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (njengoba kwenzeka ngeLanga) akuyona inkinga. Kepha ezindaweni eziningi ezibomvu ezibomvu, lo msebenzi uqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, ngokuqubuka kaningi nokude. Esifundweni, kusho uHoward Chen waseNorthwestern University kanye nombhali wokuqala wephepha, “Siqhathanise isimo samakhemikhali asemkhathini samaplanethi ahlangabezana nokuqubuka kaningi namaplanethi angahlangabezani nokuqubuka. I-chemistry yomoya yesikhathi eside ihluke kakhulu. Ukuqubuka okuqhubekayo, empeleni, kusunduzela ukwakheka komkhathi kwiplanethi kube ukulingana kwamakhemikhali okusha. ”
Ithemba lokuphila
Isendlalelo se-ozone esemkhathini, esivikela iplanethi emisebeni eyingozi ye-ultraviolet, singacekelwa phansi ngumsebenzi omkhulu wokuqhuma. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi besenza izifundo zabo abacwaningi bamangala: kwezinye izimo, i-ozone yaphikelela naphezu kokuqubuka.
Ngamazwi kaDaniel Horton, umbhali oholayo wocwaningo, “Sithole ukuthi ukuqhuma kwezinkanyezi kungenzeka kungakushiyi ngaphandle impilo ekhona. Kwezinye izimo, ukushiswa akuqedi yonke i-ozone esemkhathini. Impilo engaphezulu kungenzeka isenethuba lokulwa. ”
Olunye uhlangothi oluhle lolu cwaningo ukutholakala ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwama-solar flares kungasiza ekufuneni impilo. Eqinisweni, ama-flare angenza kube lula ukuthola amanye amagesi angama-biomarker. Abaphenyi bathola, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi i-stellar flare ingagqamisa ubukhona begesi efana ne-nitric acid, i-nitrous dioxide ne-nitrous oxide, engakhiqizwa yizinqubo zebhayoloji ngakho-ke ikhombisa ubukhona bempilo.
"Isimo sezulu sezulu," kusho uKhen, "zivame ukubonwa njengesibopho sokuhlala. Kodwa isifundo sethu sikhombise ngobuningi ukuthi lezi zimo zingasisiza ekutholeni amasiginesi abalulekile egesi angakhombisa izinqubo zebhayoloji. ”
