EMelika yangaphambi kukaColumbian, amaInca ayenombuso omkhulu kunayo yonke nempucuko eyayichuma. Baqamba umbuso wabo ngokuthi yiTawantinsuyu, okusho ukuthi "Izifundazwe Ezine Ezihlangene," futhi bakhonza uNkulunkulu weLanga, Inti. Umbusi wayo kukholakala ukuthi uyiSapa Inca, "iNdodana yeLanga", inkosi yasemhlabeni yelungelo laphezulu.
Ama-Inca ayebuse phezu kwabantu abaningi esifundeni sawo, ngokunqotshwa noma ngokuhlanganiswa ngokuthula, futhi ayephoqe ubukhosi bawo phezu kwamanye amasiko enkolo, ngaleyo ndlela afaka ingxenye enkulu yasentshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika embusweni wawo, iTawantinsuyu.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona ababemelana nama-Inca 'angenakunqotshwa' ikakhulukazi kunabanye futhi abanye bakwazile ukufaka ukwesaba ezinhliziyweni zabo eziqinile. Kwakunjalo ngeChachapoya, "amaQhawe Efu," okwazile ukumelana nokwenziwa kwe-Inca isikhathi esithile ngosizo oluncane oluvela kuShamaman-Sorcerers kanye nezidumbu eziphilayo.
Amaqhawe amafu asePeru
Ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-4,000 ukhuphuka izintaba ze-Andes ePeru, futhi kwakuhlala abantu baseChachapoya, ababedume nangokuthi “AmaQhawe Wamafu.” Imithombo yasendulo ichaza laba bantu abayimfihlakalo njengabantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo kunabanye abantu esifundeni, njengama-Inca. Futhi, behlukanisiwe hhayi kuphela yizici zabo zomzimba, kepha yisiko elihlukile abalishiyile.
Amaqhawe amafu ayengabazingeli abakhulu futhi ayejwayele ukugcina amakhanda ezitha zawo njengezindebe. Igama elithi "sarcophagus" lavela okokuqala ngesiGreki, lapho lalisho khona ukuthi "ukudla inyama," kepha uma kufikwa kumaChachapoya, abafileyo babo babengcwatshwa kuphela e-sarcophagi, kepha nasezindongeni zezakhiwo zabo.
Eweni eCarajía, ePeru, enyakatho-mpumalanga yedolobha laseChachapoyas, uchungechunge lwezibalo ezinobuso bomuntu lungabonakala kude. Ingxenye ethokozisayo ngalezi zithombe kungenxa yokuthi nazo ziyi-sarcophagi equkethe izidumbu ezigqunyiwe.
Abafileyo phakathi kwabaphilayo
Embonweni wale mpucuko eyindida, umzimba nomphefumulo akuzange kubhekwe ngokwehlukana, futhi ukuthi ufile empeleni kwakusho ukuqhubeka nokuphila emhlabeni wabafileyo. Lesi yisona sizathu esenza bakha izindlu zabafileyo lapho izidumbu zabangasekho zizobekwa khona.
Abathakathi bayo babesatshwa kulo lonke elaseMesoamerica, njengoba kukholakala ukuthi babekwazi ukwenza uhlaka lwesilwane kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesilwane sasendle nokubeka iziqalekiso ezesabekayo kwizidumbu zalowo oshonile. Ama-Inca esaba izidumbu zomzimba zamaChachapoya, ezibona njengabantu abangafundile abangavuka babange ukufa kubo bonke abazidlayo noma abangenalwazi - okwanele ukubaphazamisa kakhulu.
Isibonelo esifanelekile sendawo engcwele yeChachapoya singatholakala eKuelap lapho abafi bebengcwatshwe ezindongeni zokwakhiwa okukhulu. Abantu abaningi bangcwatshwe lapho njengengxenye yokuqagela, futhi amaWarriors of the Clouds kwadingeka angcwabe abafileyo bawo emaweni aphakeme.
I-zenith ibithathwa njengebaluleke ngokukhethekile, ikakhulukazi emicimbini, ngakho-ke ukwakhiwa konke kwakwakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi iLanga liphuma ohlangothini olulodwa lwesakhiwo futhi lisethwe ngqo. AbakwaShaman baseChachapoya babazi izinsuku eziqondile lapho ilanga lizokhanya khona ekwakhiweni, njengoMashi 4, futhi kungaleso sikhathi lapho kwenziwa khona amasiko, imikhosi nemikhosi engcwele.
Ukuzidela nokumelana
Umkhosi wethempeli wawuhlanganisa nomhlatshelo wesiko. EKuelap, abavubukuli bathole amathambo ezilwane eziningi ezenziwa umhlatshelo egumbini eliphakathi nethempeli, kanye nobufakazi bezidumbu ezibola lapho beziwele khona ngemuva kokubulawa ngonya - okwanele ukufakazela ukunikelwa kwabantu.
Isiphetho
IPeru lasendulo lalihlala amasiko amaningi, iningi lawo lisaxaka kakhulu kubavubukuli besimanje, futhi isiko leChachapoya lingenye yazo ebaluleke kakhulu. Babenezimpawu namasiko ahluke ngokuphelele kwabanye besifunda, futhi bathola amandla okungekho muntu owayengawathola ngaleso sikhathi. Abaningi bababiza ngobungcwele, abaningi babahlobanisa nempucuko esezingeni eliphakeme elahlekile, kanti abaningi bayazibiza ukuba inzalo yabantu baseYurophu.
