Ngaphansi kwe-South Atlantic, iBouvet Island ichazwa njengenye yezindawo eziqhelile kakhulu eMhlabeni, lapho indawo eseduze kakhulu iyi-Antarctica. Uma kukhona indawo ephakathi nendawo, lesi siqeshana sezwe esingamakhilomitha-skwele ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye olwandle lwe-Atlantic esingahlali muntu futhi simbozwe yiqhwa eliwuqhwa ngokungangabazeki yileso.
Kodwa okwenza iBouvet Island ibe ingaziwa ukuthi: ngo-1964, kwatholakala isikebhe sokusindisa abantu esasilahliwe kulesi siqhingi esiqhelelene kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesikebhe, bekungekho olunye uphawu lwempilo yomuntu noma umsebenzi esiqhingini futhi azikho izindlela zokuhweba ezihamba phakathi kwamamayela ayi-1,000 ukusuka kule ndawo. Imvelaphi yalesi sikebhe kuseyindida.
I-Bouvet Island - indawo engayodwa kakhulu eMhlabeni
Njengoba siyisiqhingi esiqhelelene kunazo zonke emhlabeni, isiQhingi saseBouvet sitholakala cishe emakhilomitheni ayi-1,000 1,400 ukusuka kwenye indawo — umkhakha wase-Antarctica obizwa ngokuthi iNdlovukazi Maud Land. I-Tristan da Cunha ingesinye isiqhingi esiqhelelene nomhlaba oseduze owakhiwe osuka esiqhingini iBouvet esiqhele ngamamayela angu-1,600 XNUMX ukusuka kuso. Futhi lesi siqhingi siqhele ngamakhilomitha ayi-XNUMX XNUMX ukusuka ezweni eliseduzane laseNingizimu Afrika - cishe ibanga elisuka eParis liye eMoscow.
Imfihlakalo ngemuva kwesikebhe e-Bouvet Island
Satholwa ekuqaleni ngo-1739 ngumhloli wamazwe waseNorway uJean Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, lesi siqhingi siyindawo eyincithakalo yamatshe neqhwa, ngaphandle kwezimila ngaphandle kwempepho noma ubulembu obutholakala ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukusuka esibhakabhakeni, kubukeka njengebhola elikhulu leqhwa elisicaba. Kusukela ngo-1929, bekuyinsimu yaseNorway, kwathi ngo-1977, kwakhiwa isiteshi esizisebenzelayo sokuqapha isimo sezulu kulesi siqhingi. Kepha ukungaqondakali okukhulu kwalesi siqhingi kwavela ngo-1964, lapho ithimba labaphenyi lizithela esikebheni esiyimfihlakalo kulesi siqhingi, babengenayo incazelo yokuthi lesi sikebhe sagcina kanjani lapho endaweni engahlali muntu kangako!
I-Bouvet - isiqhingi sentaba-mlilo
Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika, ngemvume yaseNorway, wayephenya ngokwakhiwa kwesiteshi esasiphethwe ngabantu esiqhingini, kwathi ngawo-1950 wazimisela ukubona ukuthi ikhona yini indawo eyanele eyisicaba eBouvet Island ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo. Banqume ukuthi i-terraform ayihambelani nezidingo zabo. Futhi, bathole ukuthi isiqhingi sase sikhulile, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, kodwa izimo zezulu azizange zivume ukuthi kufundwe ngokusemthethweni lo mhlaba omusha.
Ukutholwa kwesikebhe esiyimfihlakalo e-Bouvet Island
Ngo-Ephreli ka-1964, babuya bayoqedela ukutadisha izingxenye ezintsha zesiqhingi - bathola impicabadala. Isikebhe, esidabukiswe esiqhingini, nesigwedlo esikude ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa, sasilele echibini ngaphakathi kwendawo entsha. Isikebhe besingenamaki wokukhomba futhi, yize bebunobufakazi obuthile bokuthi abantu bebesesikebheni, azikho izidumbu zomuntu ezitholakele.
Imibuzo eseyimpicabadala kuze kube namuhla
Imibuzo evulekile miningi. Kungani isikebhe sasiseduze nendawo - empeleni, maphakathi nendawo? Ubani owayesesikebheni? Bafike kanjani lapho - ngaphezu kwamamayela ayinkulungwane ukusuka kwimpucuko - bengenalutho olungaphezulu kwesigwedlo? Futhi kwenzekani kubasebenzi? Izimpendulo zimbalwa futhi ziqhelelene kakhulu, njengoba kuphawuliwe yisazi-mlando saseLondon uMike Dash, owahlolisisa lo mbuzo, kepha waqhamuka nempendulo engagculisi.
Izincazelo ezingenzeka
Abaningi bazamile ukufinyelela esiphethweni semfihlakalo yesiqhingi saseBouvet bethi, isikebhe ngandlela thize sagezwa esiQhingini saseBouvet sisuka emisakazweni yolwandle. Kodwa uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika wathola lesi sikebhe esinezigwedlo ezimbili echibini lesiqhingi. Kwakunezimpawu zokuthi abantu bake baba semkhunjini, kepha kwakungekho phawu lwemizimba yabo. Ngenkathi abaningi bekuchazile ukuthi, ngemuva kokushona kwabo, imizimba yabo yakhukhulwa ngandlela thile olwandle, yize kwakuyichibi elingalodwa maphakathi nesiqhingi.
Abaningi baze bathi, labo basebenzi abadabukile ngandlela thile bakwazile ukuqhubekisela phambili isikebhe sabo ogwini lwesiqhingi base besifaka echibini ukuze basivikele kulwandle. Futhi kungakapheli zinsuku ezithile, bonke babebulawa yindlala noma ukoma emzimbeni eduze nolwandle lolwandle futhi imizimba yabo yakhukhulwa.
Incazelo ekholisa kakhulu nenengqondo ingatholakala encwadini ka Ukuthengiselana kwe-Oceanographical Institute (Moscow, 1960), Ekhasini No 129. Lidlulisa ukuthi “umkhumbi wesayensi wokuhlola ubuhlakani i-'Slava-9 'waqala uhambo lwawo lweshumi nantathu ngomkhumbi we-'Slava' Antarctic ngo-13 Okthoba 22. Ngomhlaka 1958 Novemba wafika eBouvet Island. Kwafika iqembu lamatilosi. Ekugcineni, abakwazanga ukuphuma esiqhingini ngesikhathi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi futhi bahlala esiqhingini izinsuku ezintathu. Abantu bahoxiswa ngendiza enophephela emhlane ngoNovemba 27, 29. ”
Kukhona nenye futhi inkolelo efanayo yokuthi iqembu lamasosha empi yomhlaba lalilahlekile olwandle futhi bathuthela eBouvet Island. Mhlawumbe, basindiswa ngendiza enophephela emhlane noma ngomkhumbi futhi bashiya isikebhe sishiyiwe lapho. Kodwa-ke, ayikho idokhumenti efakazela lesi simangalo. Eqinisweni, kunemibono eminingi kakhulu kulokhu okutholakala okuxakile, kunzima ukukubeka phansi.
Isigameko saseVela
Isigameko saseVela ngomunye umcimbi ongajwayelekile nokho othokozisayo oxhumene nemfihlakalo yesiqhingi sase-Bouvet. Lesi sigameko senzeka ngomhlaka-22 Septhemba 1979, phezu noma ngaphezu kolwandle phakathi kweBouvet ne-Prince Edward Islands, lapho i-American Vela Hotel satellite 6911 ibhalisa ukukhanya okuphindwe kabili okungachazeki. Nakuba lokhu kuqaphela kuye kwahunyushwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene njengokuhlola i-nuclear, i-meteor, noma i-instrumentation glitch, abaningi basafuna ukwazi ukuthola into engaqondakali nakakhulu kuyo.
Isiphetho
Ngokunaka ukude kwesiQhingi saseBouvet kanye nobuhle baso obungemnandi, imvelaphi yesikebhe kanye nabasebenzi bayo abangahlolisiswa kangangekhulu leminyaka. Cishe, kuzohlala kunjalo kungenye yezimfihlakalo zomlando ezingaxazululwa kakhulu.
