Obunye ubugcisa bamandulo be-rock bubonisa ukushiya okunenjongo kookhokho bethu bemiprinta yezandla, ebonelela ngophawu olusisigxina lobukho babo. Imizobo eyothusayo efunyenwe kwilitye laseBolivia yayingamanqaku angalindelekanga adalwe ngabapeyinti abangenangqondo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, uthotho lweziganeko ezinethamsanqa lukhokelela kwinto edidayo eMhlabeni. Omnye wale mizekelo luninzi lweendlela zedayinaso ezifunyenwe zihombisa into ebonakala ngathi ludonga oluthe nkqo.
Imizila eludongeni
I-Cal Orcko yindawo ekwisebe laseChuquisaca kumazantsi-mbindi weBolivia, kufutshane neSucre, ikomkhulu lomgaqo-siseko welizwe. Isiza likhaya leParque Cretácico (intsingiselo "Ipaki yaseCretaceous"), edume ngokuba neyona ndawo iphezulu yoxinaniso lweenyawo zedayinaso eludongeni.
Ukufumana unyawo lwedayinaso enye kwizigidi zeminyaka ubudala kuyayonwabisa, kodwa ukufumana ii-1000 kwindawo enye yinto engakholelekiyo. Abembi bezinto zakudala baye bayibonakalisa njenge "Umgangatho womdaniso wedayinaso," kunye neengqimba zeenyawo ezenza iipateni eziqanduselweyo zeengoma.
Iingcali zePaleontologists ziye zakwazi ukuchonga ezinye zeentlobo ezininzi zeedayinaso ezazihlala kulo mmandla, zisitya, zilwa, kwaye zibaleka kukhuphiswano olungento yanto yokubakho ngenxa yolu phawu.
Ukuphazamisa iidinosaur
I-Cal Orcko ithetha "induli yekalika" ngolwimi lomthonyama lwesiQuechua kwaye ibhekisa kuhlobo lwelitye elifumaneka kwindawo, elilimestone. Le ndawo ikumhlaba we-FANCESA, inkampani yesamente yesizwe yaseBolivia.
Le nkampani yesamente sele ikwilitye le-limestone iminyaka emininzi, kwaye yayingabasebenzi bayo abafumana iinyawo zokuqala ze-dinosaur ngo-1985 eCal Orcko. Nangona kunjalo, akuzange kube yiminyaka elithoba kamva, ngo-1994, apho udonga olukhulu lomkhondo lwe-dinosaur lutyhilwe ngumsebenzi wemigodi.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba izazi ngezidalwa zamandulo zaziqalisile ukuphonononga iingoma zedayinaso, ukutyhileka kokusingqongileyo kunye nemisebenzi yemigodi yabangela ukuba udonga lukhukulise kwaye ludilike. Ngenxa yoko, lo mmandla wavalwa iminyaka esibhozo ukuze kwenziwe okuthile ukuze kugcinwe olu donga luxabisekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngo-2006, iParque Cretácico yavulelwa abakhenkethi.
Udonga lwedayinaso yodumo
Udonga lwengoma yedayinaso, emalunga nama-80 m ukuphakama kunye ne-1200 m ubude, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ngowona mtsalane uphambili wale paki. Iyonke i-5055 yeenyawo zedayinaso efunyenwe kule ndawo. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kwathiwa olu donga lugcina eyona ngqokelela inkulu yehlabathi yeenyawo zedayinaso.
Iipaleontologists eziphanda eludongeni zafumanisa ukuba iinyawo zahlulahlulwe zaba ziingoma ezingama-462, ezivumela ukuba zichonge ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeedinosaurs. Ezi ziquka i-ankylosaurs, i-Tyrannosaurus rex, i-ceratops, kunye ne-titanosaurs, zonke ezazikho ngexesha le-Cretaceous, ngoko ke igama lepaki.
Zabekwa njani iingoma?
Kucingelwa ukuba indawo yeSucre yayikhe yayindawo enkulu yokungena elwandle, kwaye iCal Orcko yayiyinxalenye yonxweme lwayo. Ngethuba lexesha leCretaceous, iidinosaurs zahamba ngolu nxweme lolwandle, zishiya iimpawu zazo kudongwe oluthambileyo, olugcinwe xa udongwe luqina ngamaxesha omileyo.
Umaleko wangaphambili wentlenga ubuya kugqunywa ngumaleko omtsha wentlenga, ize inkqubo iqale kwakhona. Ngenxa yoko, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaveliswa iileya ezininzi zeengoma zedayinaso. Oku kubonakaliswe kwi-2010 xa inxalenye yodonga yawa. Ngelixa oku konakalise ezinye iingoma, kuphinde kwaveza umaleko owongezelelweyo weenyawo ngaphantsi kwayo.
Ukubunjwa kodonga
Ngokusekelwe kubukho beentlobo zamanzi acwengileyo kwidatha yefosili, kucingelwa ukuba isango lolwandle ekugqibeleni laba lichibi elikwanti lamanzi acwengileyo.
Ngaphaya koko, ngenxa yentshukumo yetectonic plate kulo lonke ixesha leTertiary, indlela ezazihamba ngayo iidinosaur ngaphambili yanyanzeliswa ukuba ibe phezulu, ibe ludonga oluphantse lwame nkqo.
Oku kubangele ukubonakala kweengoma zedayinaso ezinyuka eludongeni namhlanje. Udonga lwamatye belufikeleleka ngokukhululekileyo eluntwini, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abakhenkethi bebenokukubona nje oko kwiqonga lokubukela ngaphakathi epakini.
Indlela entsha yokuhamba, nangona kunjalo, yenziwe evumela abatyeleli ukuba bafikelele phakathi kweemitha ezimbalwa zodonga, ukubanika ukufikelela ngokusondeleyo kwimizila yedayinaso.
Ikamva eliqinisekileyo
Enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo ngodonga lwengoma yedayinaso kukuba liwa elilimestone. Amaqhekeza amatye anokwahluka maxa wambi aze awe eweni asenokugqalwa njengesisongelo sokhuseleko.
Okukhathazayo kukuba, kuqikelelwa ukuba iireyile azikhuselwanga ngokufanelekileyo, ziya kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo ngokhukuliseko ngo-2020. Ngenxa yoko, ipaki izama ukuchongwa njengendawo yeLifa leMveli leLizwe le-UNESCO, eya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuphumeza. iinzame zolondolozo.
