Kwi-2015, iqela le-paleontologists laseMelika lifumene ingqokelela yezixhobo eziqingqiweyo kwindawo ye-archaeological site ye-Pliocene, engaphezulu kwe-3.3 yezigidi zeminyaka ubudala. Malunga ne-3.3 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umntu waqala ukugqabhuka kwilitye elisecaleni komlambo. Oku kukroboza ekugqibeleni kwaguqula iliwa laba sisixhobo, mhlawumbi esisetyenziselwa ukulungisa inyama okanye ukuqhekeza amandongomane. Kwaye le mpumelelo yobugcisa yenzeka kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba abantu bavele kwindawo yendaleko.
Ukususela kwi-hominids yokuqala, homo habilis, yafika kumakhulu eminyaka kamva, ukufunyaniswa kwayo kuyintsonkotha: Ngubani owavelisa ezi zixhobo? Ukufunyaniswa kwenzeka kwindawo ye-archaeological site ye-Lomekwi 3, eKenya, kwaye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba unako ukutshintsha i-archeology kunye nokunyanzelisa imbali ukuba ibhalwe kwakhona.
Oku kufunyaniswe kongezwa kuluhlu lwezinye izinto ezifunyanisiweyo eziyimfihlakalo ezinokuthi ngokutsho kwe-archeology eqhelekileyo ayinakwenzeka. Phakathi kwezixhobo ezimalunga ne-150 ezafunyanwa kwindawo yokwembiwa kwezinto zakudala kukho ihamile, iintsika, namatye akroliweyo awayenokusetyenziswa kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo ukuze kuvulwe nokukrazula amandongomane okanye imibhobho, nokukrola izikhondo zemithi ewileyo ukuze kufunyanwe izinambuzane zokutya.
Ngoku ka inqaku elipapashwe kwiNdalo.com, I-Lomekwi 3 knappers, kunye nokuqonda okuphuhlisayo kweempawu zokuqhekeka kwamatye, ukucutha okungundoqo okudibeneyo kunye nemisebenzi yokubetha.
Ngenxa yeempembelelo zendibano ye-Lomekwi 3 kwiimodeli ezijolise ekuguquleni inguqu yendalo esingqongileyo, i-hominin evolution, kunye nemvelaphi yetekhnoloji, siphakamisa igama layo elithi 'Lomekwian', elandulela i-Oldowan ngeminyaka engama-700,000 kwaye liphawula isiqalo esitsha kwirekhodi eyaziwayo ye-archaeology. .
“Ezi zixhobo zisikhanyisela ngexesha elingalindelekanga nelalingaziwa ngaphambili lokuziphatha kwe-hominin kwaye zinokusixelela okuninzi malunga nophuhliso lwengqondo kwizinyanya zethu esingenako ukuziqonda kwiifosili kuphela. Ukufumanisa kwethu kuyayiphikisa ingcinga ekudala ikho yokuba uHomo habilis wayengumenzi wezixhobo wokuqala,” watsho uGqr. Harmand, umbhali ophambili wephepha elipapashwe kwiNdalo.
"Ubulumko obuqhelekileyo kwizifundo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwabantu ukusukela oko kucingelwa ukuba imvelaphi yezixhobo zamatye ezixubileyo zadityaniswa nokuvela kohlobo lweHomo, kwaye olu phuhliso lwetekhnoloji lwalubotshelelwe kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokusasazeka kwamadlelo e-savannah," utshilo uGqirha Jason Lewis weYunivesithi yaseStony Brook.
"Isiseko yayikukuba umnombo wethu wodwa uthathe umtsi wokubetha amatye kunye ukuze ubethe iiflakes ezibukhali kwaye esi yayisisiseko sempumelelo yethu yendaleko."
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izixhobo zokuqala zamatye ezidityaniswe neHomo zazibhalwe kwi-2.6 yezigidi zeminyaka kwaye zivela kwidiphozithi yase-Ethiopia kufutshane nentsalela yefosili yommeli wokuqala weHomo habilis, owabiza amandla abo akhethekileyo okusebenzisa izandla zabo ukwenza izixhobo.
U-Oldowan ligama lalo "kuqala" ishishini labantu. Kwaye igama le-archaeological "Oldowan" sisixhobo sokuqala samatye se-archaeological industry kwi-prehistory. Izixhobo ze-Oldiwan zaziqeshwe yi-hominids yamandulo kwi-Afrika enkulu, eMzantsi Asia, kuMbindi Mpuma, naseYurophu ngexesha le-Lower Paleolithic era, eyathatha iminyaka eyi-2.6 yezigidi edlulileyo ukuya kwi-1.7 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ushishino oluphambili lwe-Acheulean lweza emva kweli shishini lobugcisa.
Ukubhalwa kwezi zixhobo zamatye ngomnye wemiba ephambili eyenziwa kukufumanisa kwabo. Ixesha elide, i-anthropologists yayikholelwa ukuba i-Homo genus cousins yethu, umgca ohamba ngokuthe ngqo Homo sapiens, babengabokuqala ukuvelisa izixhobo ezinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, abaphandi abazi ukuba ngubani owadala ezi zixhobo ezindala ngokwenene, ezingafanele zibe khona ngokwezinto zakudala eziqhelekileyo. Ke, ngaba oku kufunyanisiweyo kumangalisayo kungqina oko kubizwayo 'iimbali ezingeyonyani' zezinye iincwadi ezidumileyo ukuba ziyinyani?
