Iiphiramidi ezitshonisiweyo zeWisccin's Rock Lake

Abantu bomthonyama baseWinnebago okanye iHo-Chunk bathethe “ngelali etshoneyo yee-rock Lake” phantsi kwe-Rock Lake ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1830, xa oovulindlela bokuqala beza kumazantsi e-Wisconsin phakathi kwe- ― into ngoku eyi-Milwaukee kunye ne-capitol eMadison.

Iiphiramidi ezitshisiweyo zeWisccin's Rock Lake 1
Rock Lake (Wisconsin). © Ityala Lomfanekiso: Wikimedia Commons

De abazingeli ababini bamadada bakroba ecaleni kwesikhephe sabo ngexesha lembalela yokucocwa kwamanzi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ibali labo lakhatywa njengentsomi nje yamaIndiya.

Babona isakhiwo esikhulu sephiramidi siphumle simnyama kwaye sisikhulu kubunzulu beLake Lake. Ukusukela ngoko, ulwakhiwo olungcwatyiweyo luye lwagutyungelwa yingxabano ngenxa yokuwohloka kokubonakala komphezulu ongaphantsi komhlaba okuncediswa kungcoliseko.

UGqr. Fayette Morgan, ugqirha wamazinyo wasekhaya kunye nomqhubi wenqwelomoya wokuqala eWisconsin, wayengumntu wokuqala ukukroba iLake Lake ukusuka phezulu ngoAprili 11, 1936. i-cockpit evulekileyo ye-lanky biplane yakhe ejikeleza kuma-500 ezinyaweni.

Wenza iipasi ezininzi kwaye wabona ubungakanani bazo obuqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu, awayekholelwa ukuba bungaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-100 inye. UGqr. Morgan wehla ukuze afake amafutha wabaleka wagoduka ethatha ikhamera yakhe, emva koko wabhabha ngoko nangoko ukuze abambe izinto ezitshoneyo kwifilimu. Amatye ezikhumbuzo awayentywiliselwe kweli chibi ayesele emyekile ekukhanyeni kwenjikalanga ngexesha lokubuya kwakhe phezu kwalo.

Iiphiramidi ezitshisiweyo zeWisccin's Rock Lake 2
Izakhiwo zeephiramidi ngaphantsi kwamanzi. © Ityala loMfanekiso: umniki

Iinzame ezalandelayo neziphindaphindiweyo zokufota okanye nokubafumanisa kwakhona emoyeni aziphumelelanga de kwangowe-1940 xa zafunyanwa kwakhona ngumqhubi wenqwelo-moya wasekuhlaleni, uArmand Vandre, kunye nombukeli wakhe ongemva we-cockpit, uElmer Wollin.

Kodwa njengoko inqwelo-moya yabo enenjini enye yayinqumla kumazantsi echibi ngaphantsi kwewaka leemitha, bamangaliswa ngumbono owahluke ngokupheleleyo. Isakhiwo esingunxantathu esikhulu, esisembindini ngokugqibeleleyo esikhomba emantla silele phantsi kwawo, ngaphantsi kweemitha ezingamashumi amabini zamanzi. Ipere yezangqa ezimnyama zema ecaleni kwenye ukuya encotsheni.

Ubuncinci izakhiwo ezilishumi zinokufunyanwa ngaphantsi komphezulu we-Rock Lake. Abahluli bolusu kunye neesonar baye bathatha imephu kwaye bafota ezimbini kuzo. INombolo yoku-1, ebizwa ngokuba yiLimnatis Pyramid, inobubanzi obuziimitha ezingama-60, ubude beemitha ezili-100 ubude, kunye nobude obuziimitha ezili-18, nangona imalunga neemitha ezili-10 kuphela iphakama ngaphezu kodaka olunentlenga.

Iiphiramidi ezitshisiweyo zeWisccin's Rock Lake 3
Umzobo wokuqala wePyramid yeRock Lake ukusuka kumcimbi we-1967 weSkin Diver. © Ikhredithi yoMfanekiso: JaySea Archaeology

Yiphiramidi ethotyiweyo eyenziwe kakhulu ngamatye angqukuva, amnyama. Amatye aphezu kwe-squarish. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ubone iintsalela ze-plaster covering. Ubude bamacala alinganayo edelta baqikelelwa nguVandre kunye noWollin ukuba ziinyawo ezingama-300. Isiqithi esincinci, esimxinwa esingcwatyiweyo, esinokuba ziimitha ezingama-1,500 ubude kunye neemitha ezingama-400 ububanzi, silele kumntla-mpuma walonxantathu.

Eyona nto yayimangalisa ngakumbi yayiyindlela ethe tye eyayihamba ngaphantsi kwamanzi ukusuka kunxweme olusemazantsi ukuya kwincopho ye-delta engcwatyiweyo. Xa uFrank Joseph wakhankanya oko kuqatshelweyo kuLloyd Hornbostel, isazi sokuma komhlaba sasekuhlaleni, wacinga ukuba umgca wawuziintsalela zomjelo wamatye omkhulu owawudibanisa iLake Lake neAztalan, iikhilomitha ezintathu kude.

I-Aztalan okwangoku iyipaki ye-archaeological 21-acre enodonga olugciniweyo oluvale ngokuyinxenye iiPyramids zeLanga kunye neNyanga, iinduli ezimbini zetempile zodongwe. Iziko lemibhiyozo lalilikhulu ngokuphindwe kabini kubomi balo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-13. Yandula ke yayineendonga ezintathu ezisazinge ezineemboniselo ezivale imigangatho emithathu yomhlaba ephiramidi eneentsika zamaplanga.

Iiphiramidi eziphantsi kwamanzi
Umzekeliso weephiramidi ezingaphantsi kwamanzi ezifunyenwe kwi-Rock Lake Wisconsin. © Ityala loMfanekiso: INdawo yoLuntu

I-Aztalan yayiyeyeNkcubeko yase-Upper Mississippian, eyakhula kulo lonke elase-Midwest yaseMelika ukuya emazantsi kwinqanaba layo lokugqibela, iqala malunga ne-1,100 AD, ngelixa iimfuniselo ze-carbon-dating zabonisa iingcambu zayo zakudala ezaziwa kwinkulungwane yesi-3 BC.

Abemi bayo bafikelela kwi-20,000 yabantu, ababehlala kumacala omabini eendonga. Ayekhokelwa zizazi ngeenkwenkwezi-ababingeleli abalungelelanisa iiphiramidi zabo ngokuchanekileyo ekubaleni iziganeko ezininzi zeenkwenkwezi ezifana nenjikalanga yasebusika, izigaba zenyanga, kunye neendawo zaseVenus.

Malunga nomnyaka we-1320, ii-Aztalaners zatshisa ngokumangalisayo isixeko sabo, bezishiya iindonga zaso ezigutyungelwe ngamadangatye. Bahlehla kude emazantsi, ngokwesithethe somlomo saseWinnebago esasindayo. Ukufuduka kwabo kwenzeka kwangqamana nophuhliso ngequbuliso lwelizwe lama-Aztec kwiNtlambo yaseMexico.

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Ilali yaseAztalan yaMandulo. © Ityala loMfanekiso: uYoshuwa UMayer/Flickr

“Ukufunyaniswa kwezakhiwo eziphantsi kwamanzi apho kusenokuxela kwangaphambili esinye esikhulu ngakumbi esiya kuza xa ekugqibeleni siye salathisela uhlolisiso lwethu elwandle size siphonononge ubunzulu balo ukuze singene elwandle. yaphulukana nomthombo wempucuko yasemhlabeni—iAtlantis.”

I-Rock Lake iphawuleka ngezakhiwo zayo zamatye ezingcwatywe ― iinduli zokungcwaba zephiramidi zamadoda awayesebenza kwimigodi yobhedu yaseMichigan's Upper Peninsula ukusuka kwi3000 BC ukuya kwi1200 BC. Imigodi yayiye yagrunjwa kwaye ilawulwa ziinjineli zase-Atlante, ngoko ke ubuncinci bamangcwaba angaphantsi kwamanzi abandakanya amathambo abasebenzi base-Atlantean, ngokukaFrank Joseph.