Ukutyhila uTamana: Ngaba yayiyimpucuko yoluntu lwendalo iphela ngaphambi koMkhukula?

Kukho ingcamango enzulu yokuba impucuko yamandulo enenkcubeko efanayo yehlabathi yayilawula uMhlaba kwixesha elidlulileyo.

Nakwiingcali, ukuchaza imvelaphi kunye nokuzivelela koluntu emhlabeni kulucelomngeni olunzima. Bambi, njengomphandi waseHawaii uGqr. Vámos-Tóth Bátor, baye bacebisa ukuba kunokwenzeka kubekho impucuko yehlabathi lonke eyayilawula esi sijikelezi-langa emva komkhukula. Ukuxhasa ithiyori yakhe, uqulunqe uludwe lwamagama eendawo anxulunyanisiweyo angaphezu kwesigidi ehlabathini lonke.

tamana
UThomas Cole - Ukuxhaswa kwaManzi oNogumbe - ngo-1829, ioli kwiseyile. Ikhredithi yoMfanekiso: Wikimedia Commons

Impucuko yakudala isasazeka kuwo wonke umhlaba

Kukho ingcamango enzulu yokuba impucuko yamandulo enenkcubeko efanayo yehlabathi yayilawula uMhlaba kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ngokutsho kukaGqr. Tóth, le mpucuko yabakho emva koMkhukula, intlekele etshabalalisayo ekhankanywe phantse kulo lonke uluntu lwamandulo.

UTóth wayibiza le mpucuko ngokuba yiTamana, emva kwegama elalisetyenziswa ngaba bantu bamandulo ukubhekisa kwiidolophu zabo. Ukuze ube nokuqonda ngcono ubuchule bukaTóth bokucacisa ithisisi yakhe kwimpucuko yeTamana yehlabathi, iikhonsepthi ezininzi ezisisiseko kufuneka zicaciswe.

Okokuqala, uTóth wasebenzisa i-toponymy ukufumana unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo ezihlala eMhlabeni ngoku. I-Toponymy luqeqesho olunoxanduva lokufunda imvelaphi yamagama eendawo ezifanelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, i-toponym ayikho enye into ngaphandle kwegama elifanelekileyo lommandla, njengeSpain, iMadrid okanye iMeditera.

Amagama aqhelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela

Indlela kaTóth yayiquka umkhondo wemvelaphi yamagama oqobo asuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Injongo yolu phando yayikukufumana amagama anxulumeneyo aneentsingiselo ezifanayo. Ngokwembono yakhe, oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba, kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkcubeko efanayo yendalo yonke yamanyanisa abantu kwisijikelezi-langa.

Iziphumo zakhe zokukhangela zazimangalisa, zikwazi ukufumana ii-toponyms ezinxulumene nesigidi. Ukusuka eHungary ukuya eAfrika okanye ukusuka eBolivia ukuya eNew Guinea, uTóth wafumana iindawo ezininzi ezinamagama kunye neentsingiselo ezifanayo - oku kukodwa kwaye kubalulekile, kwaye kunokutshintsha yonke into esiyaziyo.

UTamana: impucuko yakudala

Ukutyhila uTamana: Ngaba yayiyimpucuko yoluntu lwendalo iphela ngaphambi koMkhukula? 1
Tamana imephu yehlabathi. Ikhredithi yoMfanekiso: INdawo yoLuntu

Le nyaniso ayinakuba yi-fluke, kodwa kunoko iqinisekisa ithiyori yokuba impucuko yamandulo yayilawula uMhlaba kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. UTóth wayibiza le mpucuko ngokuthi nguTamana, igama elisetyenziswa ngabantu ababizwa ngokuba zizinyanya ukumisela ikoloni okanye isixeko esitsha.

Igama elithi Tamana lithetha "inqaba, isikwere okanye iziko" kwaye linokufumaneka kwizixeko ezingama-24 kwihlabathi liphela. UTóth wayeqinisekile ukuba impucuko yamaTamana inemvelaphi kwindawo ngoku eyingingqi yaseAfrika eSahara. Ngokophando lwakhe, babengabombutho obizwa ngokuba yiMaa, okanye iPesca, kwaye yayiquka iMagyars, amaElam, amaYiputa, ama-Afro-Asiya kunye namaDravidians.

Igama elithi Maa libhekisa kukhokho omkhulu wale mpucuko yakudala, eyaziwa ngembali yebhayibhile njengoNowa. Lo mlinganiswa wayenoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukusinda koluntu ngexesha lentlekele eyaziwa ngokuba nguMkhukula woMhlaba. KuMaa, uNowa wayefana nothixo okhuselekileyo nomsindisi ababemnqula.

Amanye amagama aqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi

Amakhulu ezinto ezifanayo zafunyanwa ngexesha lokuvavanywa kukaTóth kumagama eendawo ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela, eqinisekisa umbono wakhe wempucuko yehlabathi. Ngokomzekelo, eHungary kukho ummandla owaziwa ngokuba yiBorota-Kukula, ofana ngendlela emangalisayo neBorota ekwiChibi iChad, iKukura eBolivia, neKukula eNew Guinea.

Ngokufanayo, uTóth wafumanisa iipleyiti zomdongwe ezineminyaka engama-6,000 XNUMX ubudala ezinamagama eendawo ezifanayo kwiindawo eziqelelene kakhulu njengeCarpathian Basin yaseYurophu, iYiputa yamandulo, neBanpo yaseTshayina. Oku kubonakaliswa kwenkcubeko efanayo ngelixa kusahlulwe ngamakhulu eekhilomitha kuthetha ukuba uluntu lwabelana ngempucuko yehlabathi.

UTóth wafumanisa ukuba malunga ne-5,800 iindawo kwi-Carpathian Basin zinamagama afana neendawo kwii-149 izizwe emva kweminyaka yophando. Imimandla ye-Eurasia, iAfrika, iMelika, neOceania inamagama eendawo angaphezu kwama-3,500. Uninzi lubhekisa kwimilambo nezixeko.

Uphando lukaTóth lubonelela ngobungqina obubambekayo bokuba kukho amakhonkco kwihlabathi jikelele abonisa ubukho beminyaka eyinkulungwane yempucuko yehlabathi.