Ehlabathini lonke, abaphengululi be-Egypt yaMandulo baye bafumanisa izinto ezibonisa ukuba ibali lethu, njengoko silazi, aliyonyani ngokupheleleyo kwaye amacandelo aye aguqulwa ngabom. Nangona le ngcamango iqhubeka ibe ngumxholo ogcwele impikiswano enabaninzi abachasayo, ayinakuphikiswa ukuba kukho amaxwebhu, afana nePalermo Stone, enokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ichaze ukuba imbali yethu ayikho njengoko siyazi.
Ilitye lePalermo
Xa kuziwa ekusekeni ubalo-maxesha lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zookumkani ababelawula kuyo yonke imbali ye-Egypt yaMandulo, sinoluhlu lwamaxwebhu axabisekileyo anceda iingcali kulo msebenzi onzima, okude nefomu eyanelisayo egqityiweyo. Elinye lawona maxwebhu amadala ekufuneka siwahloniphe yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "Stone of Palermo," apho kukho iziqwenga ezisixhenxe ezithe saa kwiimyuziyam ezahlukeneyo.
Amaqhekeza asixhenxe aya kusasazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Iziqwenga ezithathu zikwiArchaeological Museum yasePalermo, eItali, ukususela ngowe-1877. Nangona umnombo wayo ungaziwa.
- Iziqwenga ezithathu zikwiMyuziyam yaseYiputa eCairo eyavela ngowe-1903, kwakunye nenye ngowe-1910. Kule myuziyam, kukho isiqwenga sesihlanu esafunyanwa kwimarike yamandulo ngowe-1963.
- Isiqwenga sokugqibela sikwiKholeji yeYunivesithi yaseLondon (iMyuziyam yasePetrie, i-UC 15508). Kwakhona kwafunyanwa kwimarike yakudala, apho uPetrie ngokwakhe wayifumana ngo-1917.
Ngaba iPalermo Stone yaseYiputa yaMandulo iyangqina ukuba iMbali yethu itshintshiwe?
Ilitye lePalermo lithathwa njengenye yemithombo esisiseko yophando lweYiputa yaMandulo kunye nembali yayo yonke emhlabeni. Nangona umhla ochanekileyo wokudalwa kweli litye lihle kakhulu lihlala lingaziwa kwizazinzulu, kucingelwa ukuba lenziwe ngexesha lobunye boBukumkani baMandulo, ngenkulungwane yama-25 BC.
Phakathi kolwazi olufunyenwe kwiLitye lePalermo, elifana namanye amaxwebhu amandulo anolwazi olufanayo, lithetha ngoKumkani ngaphambi kobukhosi baseYiputa yamandulo kunye nooFaro babo bokuqala bantlanu. Eyona nxalenye ingaqondakaliyo yePalermo Stone kulapho ikhankanya khona abo kumkani bangaqondakaliyo, abathi, ngokweenkcazo zabo, babizwe ngokuba ngabantu basentsomini ngabaphandi abaqhelekileyo. Kodwa kutheni? Kutheni le nto "ukukhankanywa okungaqhelekanga" kuzifumana kumaxwebhu ePalermo Stone?
1) [igama litshatyalalisiwe], 2) Hsekiu/Seka, 3) Khayu, 4) Tiu/Teyew, 5) Thesh/Tjesh, 6) Neheb, 7) Wazner/Wadjenedj/Wenegbu, 8) Mekh, 9) [igama litshatyalalisiwe. ] © Wikimedia Commons
- Eli liphezulu libonisa igama likafaro welo xesha
- Embindini iziganeko ezibalaseleyo: imibhiyozo, ukubalwa kweenkomo, njl.
- Eli lisezantsi libonisa elona nqanaba liphezulu lonyaka lokuphuphuma komlambo iNayile.
Kwiqela eliphezulu kukho amagama abalawuli abaninzi be-predynastic baseLower Egypt: “… pu”, Seka, Jaau, Tiu, Tyesh, Neheb, Uadynar, Mejet, kunye “… a”.
Ngokudabukisayo, ukubaluleka kwePalermo Stone akuzange kuqatshelwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba le nxalenye yembali exabisekileyo yayisetyenziswe njengesango.
Ukufana phakathi kwamaxwebhu avela kwiXesha elahlukileyo laseYiputa yaMandulo?
Ngokomzekelo, kukho ukufana okuninzi phakathi IRoyal Canon yaseTurin, Ilitye lasePalermo kwaye Uluhlu lweeKumkani zaseSumeri; zontathu ezi ndinyana zithetha ngoothixo abeza emhlabeni baza balawula kangangamawaka eminyaka.
Ukongeza koku, iLitye lePalermo likwakhankanya ngendlela eneenkcukacha ngakumbi kunye nebanzi yonke into enxulumene nokurhafiswa kwe-Egypt yaMandulo, kunye nemisitho yayo, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eNayile, ukubunjwa komkhosi kunye neenkcukacha ezininzi ezichanekileyo eziyenzayo. , ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ngokwenene.
Ngoko kutheni izazinzulu ezininzi zithandabuza amaxwebhu azo? Ingxabano ephambili yokukhanyela ubukho baba kumkani kukuba, ngokweenkcazo zabo, baya kuqinisekisa ubukho be-Ancient Astronauts, ingcamango eya kuphosa yonke imbali yethu eqhelekileyo emhlabeni.
