Umfazi waseTshayina ovela Ubukhosi bukaHan igcinwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2,100 XNUMX kwaye ididekile kwilizwe elinengqondo. Ebizwa ngokuba yi "Lady Dai," uthathwa njengoyena mama ugcinwe kakuhle owakha wafunyanwa.
Ulusu lwakhe luthambile, iingalo nemilenze yakhe iyakwazi ukugoba, amalungu akhe angaphakathi aqinile, kwaye usenolwakhe ulwelo olunamanzi Uhlobo lwe-A lwegazi, iinwele ezicocekileyo kunye neenkophe.
Ingcwaba likaLady Dai - ukufunyanwa ngengozi
Ngo-1971, abanye abasebenzi bokwakha baqala ukumba kumathambeka enduli egama linguwo Mawangdui, kufutshane nesixeko sase Changsha, Hunan, China. Bebesakha indawo yokuhlala ebanzi yesibhedlele esikufutshane, kule nkqubo, bemba nzulu endulini.
Phambi kowe-1971, induli iMawangdui yayingazange ithathwe njengendawo enomdla kwizinto zakudala. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwaguquka xa abasebenzi bakhubeka kwinto eyayibonakala ingamangcwaba afihlwe phantsi kwemingxunya emininzi yomhlaba kunye nelitye.
Ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokuhlala ehlaselwa ngumoya kuye kwarhoxiswa kwaye, kwiinyanga ezininzi emva kokufunyanwa ngengozi kwabasebenzi, iqela labembi bezinto zakudala baqala ukumba isiza.
Ingcwaba lavela laba likhulu kangangokuba inkqubo yokwemba yathatha phantse unyaka, kwaye iinzululwazi zakudala zazidinga uncedo kumavolontiya ayi-1,500, uninzi lwabo ingabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo.
Umsebenzi wabo onzima waba nomvuzo kuba bafumanisa ingcwaba lamandulo likaLi Chang, iMarquis yaseDai, owayelawula eli phondo malunga neminyaka engama-2,200 XNUMX eyadlulayo, ngexesha lolawulo lobukhosi bakwaHan.
Ingcwaba laliqulethe ngaphezu kwewaka lezinto zakudala ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo, kubandakanya imifanekiso yegolide kunye nesilivere yeemvumi, abazilileyo, kunye nezilwanyana, izinto zekhaya ezenziwe ngobunono, ubucwebe obenziwe ngobunono, kunye nengqokelela yeempahla ezenziwe ngesilika yakudala.
Nangona kunjalo, okuxabisekileyo ngaphezu kwabo bonke yayikukufunyanwa komama kaXin Zhui, umfazi kaLi Chang kunye neMarquise yeDai. Umama, ngoku owaziwa ngokubanzi njengeLady Dai, iDiva Mummy, kunye neTshayina Sleeping Beauty, wafunyanwa esongelwe kwimilenze emininzi yesilika kwaye etywinwe ngaphakathi kweebhokisi ezine ezixineneyo ezivalelweyo.
Ibhokisi yomntu ongaphandle yayiipeyintiwe emnyama ukubonisa ukufa kunye nokudlula komfi ebumnyameni belabafileyo. Yayihonjiswe ngeentsiba zeentaka ezahlukeneyo kuba amaTshayina amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba imiphefumlo yabafileyo kufuneka ikhule iintsiba kunye namaphiko ngaphambi kokuba ikwazi ukungafi emva kokufa.
Imfihlelo emva komama kaLady Dai
I-Lady of Dai, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngu-Xin Zhui, yayihlala ngexesha lobukhosi bakwa-Han, obabulawula ukusuka ngo-206 BCE ukuya ku-220 AD e-China, kwaye wayengumfazi weMarquis of Dai. Emva kokusweleka kwakhe, uXin Zhui wangcwatywa kwindawo ekude ngaphakathi kwinduli yaseMawangdui.
Ngokwe-autopsy, u-Xin Zhui wayetyebe kakhulu, enengxaki yomqolo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, Imithambo evalekileyo, isifo sesibindi, iinyongo, isifo seswekile, kwaye wayenentliziyo eyonzakeleyo eyamenza ukuba abulawe sisifo sentliziyo eneminyaka engama-50. Yakhokelela kwizazinzulu ukuba zikholelwe ukuba lelona tyala lakudala lesifo sentliziyo. UXin Zhui wayephila ubomi obutofotofo ngoko kuye kwathiwa igama “nguDiva Mama.”
Ngokumangalisayo, abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumanisa ukuba isidlo sokugqibela sikaXin Zhui yayikukutya kweevatala. Kwingcwaba lakhe, elalingcwatyelwe iinyawo ezingama-40 phantsi komhlaba, wayenewadi equkethe iimpahla ezili-100 zesilika, iziqwenga ezili-182 zeelacquerware ezibizayo, izinto zokuthambisa kunye nezinto zokuthambisa. Wayenemifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-162 eyenziwe ngomthi emele abakhonzi engcwabeni lakhe.
Ngokweengxelo, umzimba kaXin Zhui wawusongelwe kumaleko angama-20 esilika, wantywiliselwa kulwelo olungaziwayo olune-asidi oluthintele iintsholongwane ukuba zikhule kwaye zitywinwe ngaphakathi kweebhokisi ezine. Le bhokisi yeebhokisi yayipakishwe ngeetoni ezi-5 zamalahle zatywinwa ngodongwe.
Abembi bezinto zakudala bakwakhona ukufumana ibhokisi ye-mercury ebhokisini yakhe, ebonisa ukuba isinyithi esinetyhefu sinokusetyenziswa njenge-antibacterial agent. Ingcwaba lenziwa ukuba lingangeni manzi kwaye lingangeni moya ukuze iintsholongwane zingabinakho ukukhula- kodwa ihlala iyimfihlakalo yesayensi malunga nokuba umzimba ugcinwe kakuhle kanjani.
Kukho imibuzo emininzi engaphendulwanga, kwaye nangona ama-Egypt ayesaziwa kakhulu ngoomama, amaTshayina ngokuqinisekileyo ayephumelele kuwo.
Indlela yakudala yamaTshayina yokulondolozwa yayingeyoyokuhlasela njengaleyo yama-Egypt, awayesusa uninzi lwamalungu abo angaphakathi kwabafileyo ukuze agcinwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, ugcino oluhle lukaXin Zhui luhlala luyimfihlakalo.
Amazwi okugqibela
Akunakubakho mathandabuzo okuba u-Lady Dai wayephila ubomi obu-ritzy kwaye akukho namnye owaziyo okuninzi ngobomi bakhe buqu ngenxa "yemfihlo" kwinkcubeko yase-China. Wafa ngelixa wayedla i-melon, kodwa ngelo xesha, wayengenakukwazi ukuba ukufa kwakhe kwakusondele kwaye ukuba izazinzulu zifuna ukuqonda isisu sakhe kwiminyaka engama-2,000 XNUMX kwixesha elizayo.
Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, basamangalisiwe ukuba umzimba ovela kula maxesha ugcinwe kakuhle kangaka. Kule mihla, umama kaLady Dai kwaye uninzi lwezinto zakudala ezifunyenwe engcwabeni lakhe zinokubonwa e IMyuziyam yePhondo laseHunan.
