UDorothy Eady wayengumbhali wezinto zakudala wase-Bhritane ozelwe e-Bhritane kwaye waqaphela ubuchwephesha kwimpucuko yase-Egypt yase-Egypt eyayikholelwa ukuba wayezalwa ngokutsha ngumfundisikazi wasetempileni wase-Egypt. Nokuba yimigangatho eguqukayo yokuqina kweBritane, uDorothy Eady wayenjalo ome kakhulu.
UDorothy Eady
UDorothy Eady ufumene indima ebalulekileyo ekutyhilekeni kwimbali yase-Egypt ngokufumana izinto ezinkulu zakudala. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwempumelelo yakhe yobungcali, udume kakhulu ngokukholelwa ukuba wayengumfundisikazi wase-Egypt kubomi bangaphambili. Ubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe ugutyungelwe kumaxwebhu amaninzi, amanqaku kunye nakwibhayografi. Ngapha koko, ENew York Times wabiza ibali lakhe “Lelinye lawona mabali abangel 'umdla nokweyisayo kula mazwe aseNtshona kwiimbali zokuvela ngokutsha.”
Igama lokwahluka kukaDorothy Eady
Ngenxa yamabango akhe angummangaliso, uDorothy uzuze udumo olwaneleyo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye abantu, abanomdla ngamabango akhe angaqhelekanga kunye nemisebenzi bayamazi ngamagama ahlukeneyo: Om Seti, Omm Seti, Omm Sety noBulbul Abd el-Meguid.
Ubomi bokuqala bukaDorothy Eady
UDorothy Louise Eady wazalwa ngoJanuwari 16, 1904, eBlackheath, eMpuma Greenwich, eLondon. Wayeyintombi kaRuben Ernest Eady noCaroline Mary (Frost) Eady. Wayengowosapho olukumgangatho ophakathi ophakathi njengoko utata wakhe wayeyilungelelanisi ngexesha lika-Edwardian.
Ubomi bukaDorothy batshintsha kakhulu xa wayeneminyaka emithathu wehla kwizinyuko kwaye wachazwa njengofileyo ngugqirha wosapho. Emva kweyure, xa ugqirha ebuyile eyolungisa umzimba womngcwabo, wafika uDorothy omncinci ehleli ebhedini, edlala. Kungekudala emva koko, waqala ukuthetha nabazali bakhe ngephupha eliphindaphindayo lobomi kwisakhiwo esikhulu esidityanisiweyo. Iinyembezi, intombazana leyo yanyanzelisa, "Ndifuna ukuya Ekhaya!"
Konke oku kwahlala kubhideka de wasiwa kwiMyuziyam yaseBritane eneminyaka emine. Xa yena nabazali bakhe bangena kwiigalari zase-Egypt, intombazana encinci yazikrazula ekubanjweni ngunina, ibaleka ngokungxama kwiholo, iphuza iinyawo zemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yakudala. Wayelifumene “ikhaya” lakhe — iYiputa yamandulo.
Umsebenzi kaDorothy kwi-Egyptology
Nangona wayengakwazi ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo, uDorothy wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukufumana okuninzi malunga nempucuko yakudala. Ukutyelela iMyuziyam yaseBrithani rhoqo, wakwazi ukukholisa abo bahloniphekileyo I-Egyptologists njengo-Sir EA Wallis Budge ukumfundisa ngokungacwangciswanga iimfundiso ezisisiseko ze-hieroglyphs zakudala zase-Egypt. Xa kwafika ithuba lokuba asebenze kwiofisi yemagazini yase-Egypt epapashwe eLondon, uDorothy walisebenzisa eli thuba.
Apha, ngokukhawuleza waba yintshatsheli yobuzwe beli lizwe lase-Egypt kunye nobuqaqawuli bobudala bukaFaro. E-ofisini, wadibana nom-Egypt ogama lingu-Imam Abd el-Meguid, kwaye ngo-1933-emva kokuphupha “ngokugoduka” iminyaka engama-25 — uDorothy noMeguid baya eYiphutha batshata. Emva kokufika eCairo, wathabatha igama elithi Bulbul Abd el-Meguid. Xa wazala unyana, wamthiya igama elinguSety ukuhlonipha uFaro owayefile kudala.
U-Omm Sety-ukuzalwa ngokutsha kukaDorothy Eady
Umtshato wawusele usengxakini, nangona kunjalo, ubuncinci ngenxa yokuba uDorothy esenza ngokungathi wayehlala kwi-Egypt yamandulo kanye, ukuba kungaphezulu, komhlaba wale mihla. Uxelele umyeni wakhe “ngobomi bakhe phambi kobomi,” nabo bonke abanomdla wokumamela, malunga ne-1300 BCE bekukho intombazana ena-14, iBentreshyt, intombi yomthengisi wemifuno kunye nejoni eliqhelekileyo, elonyulelwe ukuba lifunde intombi eyintombazana. I-Bentreshyt entle ngokumangalisayo yatsala iliso UFaro Sety I, utata ka URameses II omkhulu, wamitha yena.
Ibali lalinesiphelo esibuhlungu kakhulu kunokuba libeke inkosi kwinto eyayiza kuthathwa njengesenzo songcoliseko kunye nomfundisikazi wetempile owayengenamda, uBentreshyt wazibulala. UFaro Sety ophuke intliziyo, echukumiseke ngokunzulu sisenzo sakhe, wafunga ukuba soze amlibale. UDorothy wayeqinisekile ukuba wayezalwa ngokutsha umfundisikazi oselula uBentreshyt kwaye waqala ukuzibiza ngokuba ngu "Omm Sety" oko kukuthi "uMama weSety" ngesiArabhu.
Izityhilelo ezimangalisayo zikaDorothy Eady kwimbali yaseYiputa
Eyothukile kwaye ehlukaniswe nokuziphatha kwakhe, u-Imam Abd el-Meguid waqhawula umtshato no-Dorothy Eady ngo-1936, kodwa waluthatha olu phuculo kwaye, eqinisekile ukuba ngoku uhlala kwikhaya lakhe lokwenyani, akazange abuyele eNgilane. Ukuxhasa unyana wakhe, uDorothy uthathe umsebenzi kunye neSebe lezinto zakudala apho wakhawuleza watyhila ulwazi oluphawuleka ngayo yonke imiba yembali nenkcubeko yase-Egypt.
Nangona wayejongwa njenge-eccentric, u-Eady wayengumntu oqeqeshiweyo, osebenza ngokugqibeleleyo ekufundeni nasekugrumbeni izinto zakudala zase-Egypt. Wayekwazi ukubala iinkcukacha ezingenakubalwa zobomi bamandulo base-Egypt kwaye wanceda kakhulu ngezinto ezembiweyo, ephazamisa abanye oosomashishini base-Egypt ngokuqonda kwakhe okungachazekiyo. Xa kumbiwa, uya kuthi akhumbule iinkcukacha kubomi bakhe bangaphambili aze anike imiyalelo efana nale, "Gumba apha, ndiyakhumbula ukuba igadi yakudala ibilapha .." Babeza kugubungela kwaye bafumane intsalela yegadi esele inyamalale.
Kwiijenali zakhe, ezigcinwe ziyimfihlo de kwasemva kokubhubha kwakhe, uDorothy wabhala malunga notyelelo oluninzi lomoya womoya wesithandwa sakhe samandulo, uFaro Sety I. Waqaphela ukuba eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, wahlaselwa ngumama. U-Sety-okanye ubuncinci umzimba wakhe we-astral, i-akh-yakhe yamndwendwela ebusuku ngokunyuka rhoqo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Izifundo zamanye amaakhawunti yokuzalwa ngokutsha zihlala ziqaphela ukuba kwezi zinto zibonakala ngathi ziyathandeka isithandwa sasebukhosini sihlala sibandakanyeka. UDorothy wayehlala ebhala ngoFaro wakhe ngendlela-yenyani, enje, "Ubukhosi bakhe buyehla nje okomzuzwana kodwa khange bakwazi ukuhlala-ebesenza isidlo eAmenti (ezulwini)."
Igalelo likaDorothy Eady kwicandelo lakhe lalithi ekuhambeni kwexesha amabango akhe okukhumbula ubomi obudlulileyo, kunye nokunqula kwakhe oothixo bakudala abanjengoOsiris, kungasabakhathazi oogxa bakhe. Ulwazi lwakhe ngempucuko efileyo kunye namabhodlo ajikeleze ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla afumana intlonipho yabanye abaqeqeshiweyo abasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iimeko ezingenakubalwa xa "inkumbulo" yakhe ibenza ukuba benze izinto ezibalulekileyo, inkuthazo engenakuchazwa ngokwengqiqo.
Ukongeza ekunikezeleni olu ncedo luxabisekileyo ngexesha lokumba, uDorothy walungelelanisa izinto ezifunyaniswe zizinto zakudala ezenziwe nguye nabanye. Wayesebenza nomembi wezinto zakudala wase-Egypt u-Selim Hassan, emncedisa kwiimpapasho zakhe. Ngo-1951, wajoyina abasebenzi UNjingalwazi Ahmed Fakhry eDahshur.
Ukunceda uFakhry kuphononongo lwamabala eepiramidi zeMemphite Necropolis enkulu, uDorothy wanikezela ngolwazi kunye namava okuhlela angqineka eluncedo ekulungiseleleni iirekhodi zentsimi kunye neengxelo zokugqibela ezipapashiweyo xa ekugqibeleni zabonakala zishicilelwa. Ngo-1952 nango-1954, ukutyelelwa kukaDorothy kwitempile enkulu e-Abydos kwamqinisekisa ukuba inkolelo yakhe yokuba wayengumfundisikazi apho kubomi bangaphambili yayiyinyani.
Ubomi obudla umhlala-phantsi kaDorothy Eady
Ngo-1956, emva kokubongoza ukuba afuduselwe e-Abydos, uDorothy wakwazi ukusebenza apho kwisabelo esisigxina. "Ndandinenjongo enye ebomini," watsho, "yayikukuya e-Abydos, ukuhlala e-Abydos, kunye nokungcwatywa e-Abydos." Nangona wayecwangciselwe ukuthatha umhlala phantsi ngo-1964 eneminyaka engama-60, uDorothy wenza ityala elinamandla lokuba ligcinwe kubasebenzi iminyaka emihlanu eyongezelelweyo.
Akuba ethathe umhlala-phantsi ngo-1969, waqhubeka nokuhlala kwilali ehluphekayo yaseAraba el-Madfuna ecaleni kwase-Abydos apho wayeqhelene nabantu bezinto zakudala nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo. Kwakufuneka aziphilise ngomhlala-phantsi omalunga nama-30 eedola ngenyanga, wayehlala kwizindlu ezilima ngezitena zodaka ekwabelwana ngazo ziikati, iidonki, kunye neenyoka zasekhaya.
Wayephila ngokutya iti encinci, amanzi angcwele, iivithamini zenja, kunye nomthandazo. Ingeniso eyongezelelekileyo yayivela kwintengiso kubakhenkethi bezinto zabo zokuhombisa ngenaliti zoothixo base-Egypt, imifanekiso evela kwitempile yase-Abydos, kunye neekhathuni zekhathuni. U-Eady wayeya kubhekisa kwindlu yakhe encinci eyenziwe ngezitena zodaka njenge "Omm Sety Hilton."
Kufutshane nje ukusuka etempileni, wachitha iiyure ezingabalekiyo apho kwiminyaka yakhe yokuncipha, echaza ubuhle bayo kubakhenkethi ekwabelana ngengxowa yakhe enkulu yolwazi kunye nabembi bezinto zakudala. Omnye wabo, uJames P. Allen, weziko laseMelika loPhando e-Cairo, wamchaza njengomntu ongcwele ongcwele wase-Egyptology, esithi, "Andazi nge-archaeologist yaseMelika e-Egypt engamhloniphiyo."
Ukufa kukaDorothy Eady-Om Seti
Kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela, impilo kaDorothy yaqala ukuba nkenenkene njengoko wasinda kwisifo sentliziyo, idolo elaphukileyo, phlebitis, isifo segazi kunye nezinye izifo. Mncinci kwaye ethe-ethe kodwa ezimisele ukulugqiba uhambo lwakhe lokufa e-Abydos, wajonga emva kubomi bakhe obungaqhelekanga kakhulu, esithi, Kube ngaphezulu kokuxabisa. Bendingafuni ukutshintsha nantoni na. ”
Xa unyana wakhe uSety, owayesebenza ngelo xesha e-Kuwait, emmema ukuba azohlala naye kunye nabantwana bakhe abasibhozo, uDorothy wasikhaba isicelo sakhe, emxelela ukuba wayehlala kufutshane ne-Abydos ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini kwaye wayezimisele ukufa nokuba wangcwatyelwa khona. UDorothy Eady wasweleka ngo-Epreli 21, 1981, kwilali ekufuphi netempile engcwele yeAbydos.
Ngokuhambelana nesiko lakudala lase-Egypt, ingcwaba lakhe elikwintshona yegadi yakhe lalinomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaIsis onamaphiko. U-Eady wayeqinisekile ukuba emva kokusweleka kwakhe umoya wakhe wawuza kuhamba ngesango eliya eNtshona ukuze uphinde uhlangane nabahlobo bakhe awayebazi ebomini. Obu bukho butsha buchazwe kumawaka eminyaka ngaphambili kwiPyramid Texts, njengenye ye “Silele ukuze sivuke, sisifa ukuze siphile.”
Kubomi bakhe bonke, uDorothy Eady wagcina iidayari zakhe kwaye wabhala iincwadi ezininzi ezazigxile kwimbali yase-Egypt kunye nobomi bakhe bokuzalwa kwakhona. Ezinye zazo zibalulekile: I-Abydos: IsiXeko esingcwele se-Egypt yakudala, I-Abydos ka-Omm Sety kwaye I-Omm Sety yase-Egypt ephilayo: Ukusinda kwiindlela zomntu ukusuka kumaxesha e-Pharaonic.
