Kukho ilali encinci yakudala ebizwa ngokuba yi "Ain Dara" kumantla ntshona e-Aleppo, eSyria, eqhayisa ngesakhiwo sembali esimangalisayo - iTempile yaseAin Dara, ekwintshona yelali.
Ngaphandle komnyango wetempile yase-Ain Dara, kukho umfanekiso omangalisayo ovela kwimbali - ipere yeenyawo ezinkulu. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, akukaziwa ukuba zenziwe ngubani kwaye kutheni zakrolwa ngolu hlobo.
Iintsomi zamandulo kunye namabali ahlala ebonisa inkolelo yabanduleli bethu yokuba izidalwa ezingaphaya komntu ezinobude obukhulu zakha zahamba eMhlabeni. Itempile eyayisakuba nobungangamsha yase-Ain Dara, okanye ubuncinci okushiyekileyo kuyo, yatsala umdla kumajelo eendaba ngo-1955 xa kwabhaqwa ingonyama enkulu yebasalt esizeni.
Itempile ye-Iron-Age yagrunjwa kamva yafundwa ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kuka-1980 kunye no-1985, kwaye iye yathelekiswa neTempile kaKumkani uSolomon ngamaxesha amaninzi.
Ngokutsho kweBible History Daily, ukufana okumangalisayo phakathi kwetempile yaseAin Dara netempile echazwe eBhayibhileni kuphawuleka gqitha. Zombini ezi zakhiwo zakhiwe kumaqonga amakhulu enziweyo awakhiwe kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kwiidolophu zabo.
Uyilo lwezakhiwo lulandela isakhiwo esinamacandelo amathathu afanayo: ivaranda yokungena exhaswa ziintsika ezimbini, iholo yengcwele enkulu (iholo letempile yaseAin Dara yahlulwe yaba yi-antechamber kunye negumbi eliphambili), emva koko, emva isahlulo, ingcwele ephakamileyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yiNgcwele yeeNgcwele.
Ungcelele lweeholo ezinemigangatho emininzi namagumbi asetyenziswa kwiinjongo ezahlukahlukeneyo ayewarhangqe kumacala awo amathathu kumacala omabini esakhiwo esikhulu.
Noko ke, phezu kwayo nje into yokuba itempile yaseAin Dara ineempawu ezininzi netempile kaKumkani uSolomon, akunakwenzeka ukuba iyafana. Itempile yase-Ain Dara, ngokutsho komembi u-Ali Abu Assaf, yakhiwa malunga ne-1300 BC kwaye yahlala iminyaka engama-550, ukusuka kwi-740 BC ukuya kwi-1300 BC.
Abembi bezinto zakudala abakakwazi ukufumanisa ukuba ngowuphi uthixo owayenqulwa etempileni nokuba yayinikelwe kubani. Abaphengululi abaliqela bacinga ukuba yakhiwa njengendawo engcwele kaIshtar, uthixokazi wenzala. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba yayinguthixokazi uAstarte, owayengumnini wengcwele. Elinye iqela likholelwa ukuba uthixo uBhahali-hadadi wayengumnikazi wetempile.
Ezinye zezakhiwo zetempile, kuquka iziseko zelitye lekalika kunye neebhloko zebasalt, ziye zalondolozwa ngononophelo ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Nangona esi sakhiwo sakha sabonisa iindonga zodaka ezigqunywe ngeepaneli zomthi, olo phawu luye lwalahleka ngokulusizi kwimbali.
Imifanekiso emininzi eqingqwe ngobugcisa efanekisela iingonyama, iikherubhi kunye nezinye izidalwa zasentsomini, oothixo basezintabeni, iipalmette, kunye nemifanekiso yejiyometri ehonjisiweyo ihombisa iindonga zangaphandle nezangaphakathi zesakhiwo.
Umnyango wetempile yaseAin Dara ugadwe yimizila emikhulu ekroliweyo emi embundwini. Zimalunga nemitha ubude yaye zijongiswe kumbindi wetempile.
Itempile yaseAin Dara, njengeTempile kaSolomon, yayifikelwa yintendelezo eyayakhiwe ngamatye eflegi. Phezu kwelitye leflegi, kwakubhalwe umbhalo weenyawo ongasekhohlo, obonisa ukungena kothixo etempileni. Kumgubasi weseli, kwakukrolwe umkhondo wasekunene, obonisa ukuba lo thixo mkhulu kwakufuneka athabathe amanyathelo amabini ukuze angene etempileni.
Isithuba phakathi kweenyawo ezimbini zonyawo olunye malunga neemitha ezingama-30. Umgama oziimitha ezingama-30 uya kufaneleka kumntu okanye uthixokazi malunga neemitha ezingama-65 ukuphakama. Itempile ibanzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba uthixo angene aze ahlale kuyo ngokukhululeka.
Abaphandi bayabhideka ukuba kutheni zakrolwa kwaye zisebenza wuphi umsebenzi. Ezinye izazinzulu ziye zacebisa ukuba imizila yeenyawo inokwenziwa ukuze kuvuselelwe ubukho bothixo, ibe ifanekisela umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wesithixo. Ngaphandle kwenyani yokuba oku ayisiyiyo ipere yeenyawo ezinkulu, ukukrola kuyinyani, kwaye kubonisa ukuba ookhokho bethu babeqhelene kwaye bebona amaqumrhu amakhulu kakhulu.
Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iMesopotamiya yaziwa ngokuba yindawo yempucuko kunye nomthombo wezona ntsomi zibalaseleyo zehlabathi, ngaloo ndlela izinto ezifunyanisiweyo ezingaqhelekanga nezididayo njengemikhondo emikhulu yeenyawo zinokulindelwa kulo mmandla.
I-mythology yendawo ejikelezileyo ngokuqinisekileyo icebisa ixesha apho izigebenga, oothixo, noothixo babezulazula eMhlabeni beshiya uphawu lwabo ngasemva. Ezinye zezi ngxelo zibalisa U-Anunnaki owathi, ngokutsho kwentsomi, weza emhlabeni evela kwenye iplanethi kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo kwaye watshintsha impucuko yethu ngonaphakade.
