Matlapa a mabeli a letsopa a boholo-holo a ileng a sibolloa Iraq ’me a manehiloe ka mongolo oa cuneiform ho tloha holimo ho ea tlaase a na le lintlha tsa puo e “lahlehileng” ea Bakanana e tšoanang ka tsela e tsotehang le Seheberu sa boholo-holo.
Matlapa ana, ao ho nahanoang hore a na le lilemo tse ka bang 4,000, a tlaleha lipolelo ka puo e batlang e sa tsejoe ea batho ba Maamore, ba neng ba tsoa Kanana - sebaka seo hona joale e leng Syria, Iseraele le Jordane - empa hamorao ba thehile 'muso Mesopotamia. Lipoleloana tsena li behiloe hammoho le liphetolelo tsa puo ea Seakkadia, e ka baloang ke litsebi tsa kajeno.
Ha e le hantle, matlapa ana a tšoana le Lejoe le tummeng la Rosetta, le neng le e-na le mongolo oa puo e le ’ngoe e tsebahalang (Segerike sa boholo-holo) hammoho le mengolo e ’meli ea boholo-holo e sa tsejoeng ea Baegepeta (hieroglyphics le demotic.) Tabeng ena, lipoleloana tse tsebahalang tsa Akkadia lia thusa. bafuputsi ba bala Moamore o ngotsoeng.
Tsebo ea rōna ka Baamore e ne e soabisa hoo litsebi tse ling li neng li belaela hore na ho hang ho na le puo e joalo,” bafuputsi Manfred Krebernik (o bula tab e ncha) le Andrew R. George (o bula tab e ncha) ba bolelletse Live Science ka lengolo-tsoibila. Empa matlapa a rarolla potso eo ka ho bontša hore puo e lumellana le ho hlalosoa ka tsela e sa lebelloang, ’me e fapane ka ho feletseng le Seakkadia.”
Krebernik, moprofesa le molula-setulo oa lithuto tsa boholo-holo tsa Near Eastern Univesithing ea Jena Jeremane, le George, moprofesa ea seng a ntse a e-ea boemong ba lingoliloeng tsa Babylona Univesithing ea London’s School of Oriental and African Studies, ba phatlalalitse lipatlisiso tsa bona tse hlalosang matlapa khatisong ea morao-rao. ea koranta ea Sefora Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale(e buloa ka har'a tab e ncha) (Journal of Assyriology and Oriental Archeology).
Puo e lahlehileng
Matlapa a mabeli a Maamori le Akkad a ile a fumanoa Iraq hoo e ka bang lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng, mohlomong nakong ea Ntoa ea Iran le Iraq, ho tloha ka 1980 ho ea ho 1988; qetellong li ile tsa kenyelletsoa pokellong ea tsona United States. Empa ha ho letho le leng le tsejoang ka bona, 'me ha ho tsejoe hore na ba nkiloe ka molao ho tloha Iraq.
Krebernik le George ba ile ba qala ho ithuta matlapa ao ka 2016 ka mor’a hore litsebi tse ling li ba hlalosetse.
Ka ho hlahlobisisa sebōpeho-puo le pokello ea mantsoe a puo ea sephiri, ba ile ba fumana hore e ne e le ea lelapa la lipuo tsa Semite tsa Bophirimela, tse akarelletsang Seheberu (seo hona joale se buuoang Iseraele) le Searame, seo pele se neng se atile ho pholletsa le sebaka seo empa hona joale se buuoa ka lipuo tse ling feela. metse e seng mekae e qhalakaneng ea Bochabela bo Hare.
Ka mor’a ho bona ho tšoana ho teng pakeng tsa puo ea mehlolo le seo ho sa tsejoeng se senyenyane ka Baamore, Krebernik le George ba ile ba etsa qeto ea hore lia tšoana, le hore matlapa a ne a hlalosa lipolelo tsa Maamore ka puo ea Old Baylonian ea Akkadian.
Tlaleho ea puo ea Baamore e matlapaneng ao e na le boitsebiso bo bongata ka ho makatsang. Matlapa ana a mabeli a eketsa tsebo ea rōna ea Maamore haholo, kaha ha a na mantsoe a macha feela empa a na le lipolelo tse feletseng, kahoo a bontša pokello ea mantsoe le sebōpeho-puo se secha,” bafuputsi ba boletse. Mongolo o matlapeng ao e ka ’na eaba o ngotsoe ke mongoli oa Babylona ea buang Seakadia kapa morutuoa ea rutoang ke bangoli. "Koetliso e sa lebelloang e hlahisoang ke bohelehele ba kelello," bangoli ba ekelitse.
Yoram Cohen(o bula tabong e ncha), moprofesa oa Assyriology Univesithing ea Tel Aviv e Israel ea neng a sa kenelle lipatlisisong, o bolelletse Live Science hore matlapa a bonahala e le mofuta oa "buka ea tataiso ea bahahlauli" bakeng sa libui tsa boholo-holo tsa Seakkadia tse neng li hloka ho ithuta Seamore.
Temana e ’ngoe e hlokomelehang ke lethathamo la melimo ea Baamore e e bapisang le melimo e tšoanang ea Mesopotamia, ’me temana e ’ngoe e fana ka lintlha tse bontšang kamohelo.
“Ho na le lipolelo tse mabapi le ho lokisetsa lijo tse tloaelehileng, mabapi le ho etsa sehlabelo, mabapi le ho hlohonolofatsa morena,” Cohen a rialo. “Ho na le hoo e ka bang pina ea lerato. … E hlile e akaretsa karolo eohle ea bophelo.”
Ho tšoana ho matla
Lipoleloana tse ngata tsa Maamore tse fanoeng matlapeng li tšoana le lipoleloana tsa Seheberu, tse kang "re tšelle veine" - "ia -a -a -nam si -qí-ni -a -ti" ka Baamore le "hantle haholo" ka Seheberu - le hoja mongolo oa khale ka ho fetisisa oa Seheberu o tsejoa lilemong tse ka bang 1,000 hamorao, Cohen o itse.
“E nka nako eo ka eona lipuo tsena [tse Semite tsa Bophirimela] li ngotsoeng. … Litsebi tsa lipuo joale li ka hlahloba hore na lipuo tsena li bile le liphetoho life ho theosa le makholo a lilemo,” O ile a re.
Akkadian was originally the language of the early Mesopotamian city of Akkad (also known as Agade) from the third millennium BC, but it became widespread throughout the region in later centuries and cultures, including the Babylonian civilization from about the 19th to the sixth centuries BC.
Bongata ba matlapa a letsopa a neng a manehiloe mongolong oa khale oa cuneiform—e leng e ’ngoe ea mefuta ea khale ka ho fetisisa ea ho ngola, eo ho eona ho neng ho ngoloa ka letsopa le metsi ka pene—e neng e ngotsoe ka Seakkadia, ’me e ne e le senotlolo sa kutloisiso e feletseng ea puo eo. karolo ea thuto ea Mesopotamia ka lilemo tse fetang sekete.
