Ho falla ha batho ho tšela Leoatle la Bering ho tloha Asia Leboea ho ea Amerika Leboea ke ntho e tsebahalang haholo historing ea pele ea batho. Leha ho le joalo, liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa batho ba neng ba lula Asia Leboea ka nako ena e ntse e le mohlolo ka lebaka la palo e lekanyelitsoeng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa khale tse hlahlobiloeng sebakeng sena. Joale, bafuputsi ba tlalehang ho Current Biology ka la 12 Pherekhong ba hlalosa liphatsa tsa lefutso ho tloha ho batho ba leshome ho isa ho lilemo tse 7,500 tse thusang ho tlatsa lekhalo le ho bonts'a phallo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho tloha ho batho ba tsamaeang ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng ho tloha Amerika Leboea ho ea Asia Leboea.
Tlhahlobo ea bona e senola sehlopha se neng se sa hlalosoe sa batho ba pele ba Holocene Siberia ba neng ba lula sebakeng sa Neolithic Altai-Sayan, haufi le moo Russia, Chaena, Mongolia le Kazakhstan li kopanang teng. Lintlha tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li bontša hore e ne e le litloholo tsa batho ba paleo-Siberia le ba Eurasian ea Khale ea Leboea (ANE).
Cosimo Posth oa Univesithi ea Tübingen, Jeremane, o re: "Re hlalosa palo ea litsomi tse neng li sa tsejoe pele ho nako ea Altai lilemong tse 7,500, e leng motsoako pakeng tsa lihlopha tse peli tse fapaneng tse neng li lula Siberia nakong ea ho qetela ea Leqhoa," ho bolela Cosimo Posth Univesithing ea Tübingen, Jeremane. le sengoli se seholo sa thuto. "Sehlopha sa batsomi ba Altai se kentse letsoho ho baahi ba bangata ba mehleng ena le ba ileng ba latela ho pholletsa le Asia Leboea, ho bonts'a hore na sechaba se neng se batla lijo se ne se le monate hakae."
Posth o bolela hore sebaka sa Altai se tsejoa mecheng ea litaba e le sebaka seo sehlopha se secha sa hominin sa khale, Denisovans, se ileng sa fumanoa. Empa sebaka sena se boetse se na le bohlokoa nalaneng ea batho e le mateano a metsamao ea baahi lipakeng tsa leboea la Siberia, Asia Bohareng le Asia Bochabela ho theosa le lilemo tse likete.
Posth le basebetsi mmoho ba tlaleha hore mofuta o ikhethileng oo ba o sibollotseng e kanna ea emela mohloli o nepahetseng bakeng sa baahi ba ANE ba kentseng letsoho ho lihlopha tsa Bronze Age tse tsoang Leboea le Inner Asia, joalo ka bahlaseli ba Letša la Baikal, balisa ba amanang le Okunevo, le Tarim. Li-mummies tsa Basin. Ba ile ba sibolla le litloholo tsa khale tsa Asia Leboea-bochabela (ANA) - tseo qalong li neng li hlalositsoe ho litsomi tsa Neolithic tse tsoang Bochabela bo Hōle ba Russia - ho motho e mong oa Neolithic Altai-Sayan ea amanang le likarolo tse ikhethang tsa setso.
Liphuputso li senola ho ata ha leloko la ANA lik'hilomithara tse ka bang 1,500 ho ea bophirima ho feta kamoo ho neng ho bonoa pele. Naheng ea Bochabela bo Hōle ea Russia, ba boetse ba tsebahatsa batho ba lilemo li 7,000 ba nang le litloholo tse amanang le Jomon, ba bontšang maqhama le lihlopha tsa litsomi tse tsoang sehlekehlekeng sa Japane sa Archipelago.
Lintlha tsena hape li lumellana le mekhahlelo e mengata ea phallo ea lefutso ho tloha Amerika Leboea ho ea leboea-bochabela ho Asia lilemong tse 5,000 tse fetileng, ho fihla Hloahloeng ea Kamchatka le bohareng ba Siberia. Bafuputsi ba hlokometse hore liphuputso li totobatsa palo e kholo ea batho ba hokahaneng ho pholletsa le Asia Leboea ho tloha ka Holocene ea pele ho ea pele.
Ke Wang oa Fudan o re: "Seo ke ileng ka se fumana se ileng sa 'makatsa ka ho fetisisa ke sa motho ea neng a tšoana le litsomi tse ling tsa Altai empa a na le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse fapaneng ka ho feletseng, tse bontšang kamano ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho baahi ba Bochabela bo Hōle ba Russia. Univesithi, Chaena, le sengoli se ka sehloohong sa thuto. Hoa thahasellisa hore ebe motho enoa oa Nizhnetytkesken o ile a fumanoa ka lehaheng le nang le mabitla a ruileng a apereng liaparo tsa bolumeli le lintho tse hlalosoang e le tse emelang bolumeli ba shaman.
Wang o re se fumanoeng se fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le maemo le limelo tse fapaneng ba ne ba lula sebakeng se le seng ka nako e le 'ngoe.
O re: "Ha ho hlake hore na motho oa Nizhnetytkesken o ne a tsoa hōle kapa baahi ba moo ba neng ba tsoa teng ba ne ba le haufi le moo. "Leha ho le joalo, thepa ea hae ea mabitla e bonahala e fapane le maemo a mang a libaka tsa khale tsa khale a bolelang ho tsamaea ha batho ba fapaneng ba setso le liphatsa tsa lefutso sebakeng sa Altai."
Lintlha tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tsoang ho Altai li bonts'a hore Asia Leboea e ne e e-na le lihlopha tse amanang haholo lilemong tse 10,000 tse fetileng, ho pholletsa le libaka tse telele tsa libaka. "Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho falla ha batho le lintho tse tsoakiloeng e ne e le ntho e tloaelehileng, 'me e se mokhelo le mekhatlong ea khale ea litsomi," Posth o re.
Boitsebiso bo eketsehileng: Ke Wang et al, Middle Holocene Siberia genomes e senola phatsa ea lefutso e hokahaneng haholo ho pholletsa le Asia Leboea, Current Biology (2023).
