Batho ba bile Arctic ka lilemo tse fetang 40,000, ho senola lintho tse ncha

Ho sibolloa ho entsoe ke bo-rasaense ba tsoang Karolong ea Siberia ea Serussia Academy of Sciences (СО РАН) ba ile ba etsa lipatlisiso tsa radiocarbon ea likaroloana tsa likhama tse fumanoang sebakeng sa Kushevat Paleolithic sebakeng sa Lower Ob.

Batho ba bile Arctic ka lilemo tse fetang 40,000, li sibollo tse ncha li senola 1
Noka ea Ob. © Credit Credit: Wikimedia Commons

Ho phaella masapong a lenaka, bo-rasaense ba ile ba boela ba hlahloba mammoth ea boea (Mammuthus primigenius), nare e hlaha (Bison Priscus), Elk (Alces alces), likhama (Cervus elephus sibiricus), le, mohlomong, poho ea musk (Ovibos moschatus). Litlhahlobo tsa masapo a tsona ke tsa morao-rao letotong la matsatsi a 20 a fapaneng a radiocarbon, kaofela ho tloha nakong ea lilemo tse likete tse 20 ho isa ho tse 40 tse fetileng.

Le hoja ho fumanoa hona ho supa feela liphoofolo, eseng batho, ho thibela sebaka sa Arctic lilemo tse 40,000 morao, ho sibolloa hona joale e se e le motheo oa litlhahlobo tse ling, tseo hona joale li entseng mosebetsi oa batho sebakeng sa Ob lilemong tse 40,000 tse fetileng. Lebaka ke hobane manaka a mabeli a likhama a ne a tšoere mesaletsa ea tšebetso ea batho har'a sehlopha sena sa masapo, a sa tsoa hlahlojoa.

Potso ea ho rarolla qalong ea Arctic le Subarctic ke monna oa khale oa mofuta oa sejoale-joale (Homo sapiens sapiens) esale e le thahasello ho bo-rasaense. Phula ea Ob River hangata e nkoa e le tsela ea ho falla e ka bang teng bakeng sa monna oa Paleolithic. Ho lumeloa hore monna oa mehleng ea kajeno o ile a tla Europe le Asia 50,000-60,000 lilemo tse likete tse fetileng.

Ntho e ntseng e sa hlaka ke hore na monna oa mehleng ea kajeno o ne a lula hokae le hore na o ile a tšela Urals joang? Ka nako e telele, khopolo-taba e ne e le teng lilemong tse 12,000-30,000 tse fetileng, leboea la Siberia Bophirimela le ne le koahetsoe ke leqhoa le leholo (joaloka leboea ho Amerika le Europe). Ka boroa ho leqhoa lena ho ne ho e-na le sekoti se nang le letamo se bophahamo ba limithara tse 130.

Ka lebaka lena, ho ne ho lumeloa hore ho batla libaka tsa ho epolloa ha lintho tsa khale ho tloha nakong ea 30-40 lilemong tse likete tse fetileng ka leboea ho ne ho se na thuso. E netefalitsoe ke ho se fumanehe ho felletseng (lisebelisoa, libaka, lintho tse phelang).

Batho ba bile Arctic ka lilemo tse fetang 40,000, li sibollo tse ncha li senola 2
Sekhechana sa lenaka la likhama le mesaletsa ea phello ea anthropological. © Credit Credit: Setsi sa Budker sa Nuclear Physics sa Lekala la Siberia la RAS

Ka lebaka la lenaneo la machaba la lipatlisiso le sebelisang ho ratana le AMS le khanya ea optical-stimulating luminescence, bafuputsi ba tsoang Europe le Russia ba ile ba paka hore ho ne ho se na leqhoa karolong e ka leboea ea Siberia Bophirimela lilemong tse 12,000-30,000 tse fetileng. E ne e le pejana: lilemo tse 90,000-60,000 tse fetileng ka leboea ho Salekhard. Boemo ba beisine ea leqhoa e phuleng ea Ob ha boa ka ba feta 60 metres.

Sena ke setšoantšo se fapaneng ka ho felletseng sa paleogeographic. Ka lilemo tse mashome a mararo, ke ne ke kholisehile hore ka leboea ho Siberia Bophirimela, ho ne ho e-na le maemo ’ohle a ho ba teng ha motho oa boholo-holo. Joale re ne re e-na le monyetla oa ho leka ho e paka: ho fumana mesaletsa ea Homo sapiens ka leboea ho Ob 30,000-50,000 lilemong tse fetileng, - mookameli oa morero, hlooho ea laboratori ea Institute of Geology and Mineralogy e reheletsoeng ka VIVS a fana ka maikutlo polelong ea boralitaba.

Joalokaha ho tlalehiloe ke Barents Observer "tlhahlobo e fana ka maikutlo a hore Homo sapiens eseng feela Neanderthal e ne e ahile Arctic Circle nakong ea Upper Paleolithic. Hoo e ka bang lilemo tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, ho ne ho kholisehile hore batho ba Neanderthal, eseng Homo sapiens, ba ne ba lula sebakeng seo nakong eo.”

Sena se ile sa sibolloa ke radiocarbon ho ratana le sete sa masapo a epolotsoeng ka 2001 sebakeng sa Yakutia. Tlhahlobo ea radiocarbon e khothalelitse hore li-Neanderthals li iphumane li le sebakeng seo lilemo tse ka bang 28,500-27,000 tse fetileng.

Tlhahlobo e ncha ea AMS e fane ka likhatelopele tse peli tse kholo. Ea pele ke hore Homo sapiens, hammoho le Neanderthals, ba ne ba ahile selikalikoe sa Arctic nakong ea Paleolithic Age, 'me sephetho sa bobeli ke hore Homo sapiens o ne a lula ka leboea ho selikalikoe sa Arctic lilemong tse 40,000 tse fetileng.