Sheekada cajiibka ah ee ka danbeysa labiskii aduunka ugu da'da weynaa ee ka yimid Masar kaas oo jiray in ka badan 5,000 oo sano

Khubaradu waxay sannadkii 1977-kii ka heleen khamiiska Tarkhan oo ku dhex jiray ururinta qashinka ee Matxafka Petrie ee Archaeology Masar ee London.

Dharka tobanaan kun oo sano ka hor ayaa weli la isticmaalayaa maanta. Dharkaas kaliya ayaa lagu duudduubay jidhka. Laakin, "Tarkhan Dress," oo loogu magac daray magaalada Masar halkaas oo laga helay 1913, ayaa leh tol wanaagsan. Waxaa si sax ah loo taariikheeyey iyadoo la isticmaalayo radiocarbon qalab shukaansi ugu dambeeyay ku dhawaad ​​shan sano ka hor. Dharka dunidu ugu da'da weyn ee dunnidu waa dhar maro tifaftiran oo, sida cilmi-baadhistu sheegtay, taariikhdu markay ahayd 3482 iyo 3103 BC.

Sheekada cajiibka ah ee ka danbeysa labiska aduunka ugu da'da weyn ee ka yimid Masar kaas oo jira in ka badan 5,000 oo sano 1
Dalka Masar oo laga helay dharka ugu da'da weyn dunnida ee tolsan. © Matxafka Petrie Museum of Archeology Masaarida, University College London

Sida laga soo xigtay Alice Stevenson, oo ah khabiirka Matxafka Petrie ee London ee Archaeology Masar, dharka laga helay goobaha qadiimiga ah ayaa inta badan ka weyn 2,000 oo sano. Laakin, Labiska Tarkhan waxa uu ka weyn yahay 5,000 oo sano waxaana laga yaabaa in uu dheeraa markii uu cusbaa, sida ay qabaan culimadu.

Waxay mar ahayd qayb ka mid ah "tuso weyn oo maro wasakh ah" oo uu qoday Sir Flinders Petrie 1913-kii goobta uu ugu magacaabay Tarkhan ka dib tuulo u dhow oo 30 mayl koonfur ka xigta Qaahira, archaeology.org ayaa yidhi.

1977-dii, cilmi-baarayaal ka socda Matxafka Victoria iyo Albert waxay isku diyaarinayeen inay nadiifiyaan tuulmo badan oo maro wasakh ah markii ay heleen Dharka Tarkhan, oo si fiican loo sameeyay.

In kasta oo ay jireen qulqulo ka dhacay suxullada iyo kilkilooyinka muujinaya in qof mar soo xidhay dharka, shaadhka marada ee V-qoorta ee gacmaha la jeexjeexay iyo bodiska ayaa ku jiray xaalad aad u wanaagsan inkasta oo ay da'diisu tahay.

Sheekada cajiibka ah ee ka danbeysa labiska aduunka ugu da'da weyn ee ka yimid Masar kaas oo jira in ka badan 5,000 oo sano 2
Dalka Masar oo laga helay dharka ugu da'da weyn dunnida ee tolsan. © Wikimedia Commons

Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay xafideen marada, waxay ku tosheen xariirta Crepeline si ay u xasiliyaan oo ay u muujiyaan. Wax yar ka dib, waxa loo soo dhaweeyay in uu yahay dharka ugu da'da weyn Masar iyo dharka ugu da'da weyn adduunka oo dhan sababtoo ah da'da qabriga ee laga helay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah xabaashii maradaas laga helay waa la dhacay, cilmi-baarayaashu ma aysan bixin karin da'da saxda ah ee dharka.

Markii marada lebbiska la baadhay sannadihii 1980-aadkii iyadoo la adeegsanayo farsamo gees-goyn ah oo loo yaqaan accelerator mass spectrometry, waxaa loo malaynayay inay taariikhda ku beegan tahay dabayaaqadii qarnigii saddexaad ee BC. Laakiin culimadu waxay sheegeen in taariikhdani ay tahay mid guud.

Ugu dambeyntiina, 2015, kooxda kaarboonka raadiyaha ee Jaamacadda Oxford waxay baareen muunad ka mid ah dharka laftiisa oo miisaankiisu yahay 2.24mg. Labbiska Tarkhan waxa la rumaysan yahay in uu tariikhdu yahay abbaaraha 3482 iyo 3102 BC, lagana yaabo in uu ka sii horeeyo Boqortooyadii Koowaad ee Masar (ca. 3111-2906 BC).