Caddaymo saynis ah oo ugu horreeya oo sheegaya in Vikings uu xayawaan keenay Ingiriiska

Cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah ayaa helay waxa ay ku andacoonayaan inay tahay caddayntii ugu horreysay ee saynis ah oo adag oo soo jeedinaysa in Vikings ay ka soo gudbeen badda woqooyi ilaa Ingiriiska iyagoo wata eeyo iyo fardo.

Jajab radius/ulna faras la gubay oo laga soo qaaday tulada 50 ee Heath Wood.
Jajab radius/ulna faras la gubay oo laga soo qaaday tulada 50 ee Heath Wood. © Jeff Veitch, Jaamacadda Durham.

Cilmi-baaris ay hogaaminayeen Jaamacadda Durham, UK, iyo Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium, ayaa baadhay haraaga dadka iyo xayawaanka laga soo bilaabo qabuuraha kaliya ee Britain ee loo yaqaan Heath Wood, ee Derbyshire.

Saynis yahanadu waxay eegeen isotopeska strontium ee ku jira hadhaaga. Strontium waa curiye dabiici ah oo laga helo saamiyo kala duwan oo adduunka oo dhan ah wuxuuna bixiyaa faraha juqraafi ee dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka iyo xayawaanka.

Falanqaynta ay sameeyeen waxay muujisay in marka la eego macnaha qadiimiga ah, hal qof oo qaangaar ah iyo dhowr xayawaan ah ayaa hubaal ah inay ka yimaadeen aagga Baltic Shield ee Iskandaneefiya, oo ka kooban Norway iyo badhtamaha iyo waqooyiga Iswidhan, waxayna dhinteen wax yar ka dib markii ay yimaadeen Britain.

Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay yiraahdeen tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in Vikings-yadu aysan xadi jirin oo kaliya xayawaanka markii ay yimaadeen Britain, sida xisaabaadka wakhtiga lagu qeexay, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ka soo qaadi jireen Scandinavia, sidoo kale.

Sida hadhaagii bani'aadamka iyo xayawaanka laga helay hadhaagii isla pyre gubasho, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay aaminsan yihiin in qofka weyn ee ka soo jeeda gobolka Baltic Shield uu yahay qof muhiim ah oo awood u leh inuu keeno faras iyo ey Britain.

Tuulada Viking ee ku taal Heath Wood, Derbyshire, UK, oo la qodayo.
Tuulada Viking ee ku taal Heath Wood, Derbyshire, UK, oo la qodayo. © Julian Richards, Jaamacadda York.

Hadhaaga la falanqeeyay waxay la xidhiidhaan Ciidanka Weyn ee Viking, oo ah ciidan isku dhaf ah oo dagaalyahannada Iskandaneefiyanka ah oo ku soo duulay Ingiriiska AD 865.

Natiijooyinka waxaa lagu daabacay PLOS ONE. Qoraaga hormuudka ah Tessi Löffelmann, oo ah cilmi-baare dhakhtar ah oo si wadajir ah uga shaqeeya Waaxda Archaeology, Jaamacadda Durham, iyo Waaxda Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, ayaa yidhi, "Tani waa caddayntii ugu horreysay ee saynis ah oo adag oo ah in Scandinavianku ay dhab ahaantii ka soo gudbeen badda Waqooyiga iyaga oo wata fardo, eeyaha iyo suurtogalnimada xayawaan kale horaantii qarnigii sagaalaad ee AD waxayna sii kordhin kartaa aqoontayada Viking Great Army."

"Isha koowaad ee ugu muhiimsan, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ayaa sheegaysa in Vikings ay fardo ka qaadanayeen dadka deegaanka ee Bariga Anglia markii ugu horeysay ee ay yimaadaan, laakiin tani maahan sheekada oo dhan, waxayna u badan tahay inay dadka ku raraan maraakiibta. .”

"Tani waxay sidoo kale kor u qaadaysaa su'aalaha ku saabsan muhiimada xayawaanka gaarka ah u leeyihiin Vikings."

Xayawaan la gubay iyo laf bini'aadan oo laga soo qaaday qabuuraha Heath Wood Viking.
Xayawaan la gubay iyo laf bini'aadan oo laga soo qaaday qabuuraha Heath Wood Viking. © Julian Richards, Jaamacadda York.

Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay falanqeeyeen saamiga strontium ee hadhaaga laba qof oo waaweyn, hal cunug iyo saddex xayawaan oo ka yimid goobta Heath Wood.

Strontium waxay si dabiici ah ugu dhacdaa deegaanka dhagaxaanta, ciidda iyo biyaha ka hor inta aysan u gudbin dhirta. Marka dadka iyo xayawaanka ay cunaan dhirtaas, strontium waxay beddeshaa kalsiyum lafaha iyo ilkahooda.

Maaddaama saamiga strontium ay ku kala duwan yihiin qaybaha kala duwan ee adduunka sawirka faraha juqraafi ee curiyaha laga helo hadhaaga aadanaha ama xayawaanka ayaa gacan ka geysan kara muujinta halka ay ka yimaadeen ama degeen.

Saamiyada Strontium ee mid ka mid ah dadka waaweyn iyo ilmaha ayaa muujiyay inay ka iman karaan aagga maxalliga ah ilaa goobta gubasho ee Heath Wood, koonfurta ama bariga England ama Yurub, oo ay ku jiraan Danmark iyo koonfur-galbeed Iswidhan oo ka baxsan gobolka Baltic Shield. .

Laakiin hadhaaga qofka kale ee qaangaarka ah iyo dhammaan saddexda xayawaan - faras, eyga iyo waxa cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah ay yiraahdeen waxay ahayd suurtogalnimada doofaarka - waxay leeyihiin saamiga strontium sida caadiga ah laga helay aagga Baltic Shield.

Waardiyayaal la qurxiyey oo laga helay seefta dagaalyahan Viking. Seefta ayaa laga helay isla xabaal isku mid ah iyada oo hadhaagii dadka iyo xayawaanka la lafa guray intii lagu jiray cilmi-baadhistii ugu dambaysay.
Waardiyayaal la qurxiyey oo laga helay seefta dagaalyahan Viking. Seefta ayaa laga helay isla xabaal isku mid ah iyada oo hadhaagii dadka iyo xayawaanka la lafa guray intii lagu jiray cilmi-baadhistii ugu dambaysay. © Julian Richards, Jaamacadda York.

Iyadoo cilmi-baarayaashu ay sheegeen in natiijadooda ay soo jeedinayaan in faraska iyo eyga loo qaaday Britain, waxay noqon kartaa in jajabka doofaarku uu ahaa qayb ka mid ah ciyaarta ama talisman kale ama calaamad kale oo laga keenay Scandinavian, halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa doofaarka nool. Hadhaaga ayaa sidoo kale lagu gubay oo lagu aasay taallo hoosteeda, taas oo ay cilmi-baarayaashu sheegeen in ay noqon karto xiriirka dib ugu soo noqda caadooyinka Scandinavian-ka xilli uu ka maqnaa Britain.

Qoraaga cilmi-baarista Professor Janet Montgomery, oo ka tirsan Waaxda Archaeology, Jaamacadda Durham, ayaa tiri, "Daraasaddeenu waxay soo jeedinaysaa in ay jiraan dad iyo duunyo leh taariikh dhaqdhaqaaq oo kala duwan oo lagu aasay Heath Wood, haddii ay ka tirsan yihiin Ciidanka Weyn ee Viking, waxay ka koobnaayeen dad ka kala yimid qaybaha kala duwan ee Scandinavian ama Jasiiradaha Ingiriiska.

"Tani sidoo kale waa falanqeyntii ugu horreysay ee la daabacay strontium ee horraantii dhexe ee hadhaagii la gubay ee Britain waxayna muujineysaa suurtagalnimada in habkan sayniska uu iftiimiyo dheeraad ah xilligan taariikhda."

Kooxda cilmi-baarista ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ah cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah ee Jaamacadda York, UK, kuwaas oo soo saaray xabaalaha Heath Wood intii u dhaxaysay 1998 iyo 2000, iyo Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.

Isku dhufashada gaashaankii dagaalyahankii Viking ayaa la helay intii lagu jiray qodistii asalka ahayd ee 1998-2000. Xabagta ayaa laga helay isla xabaal la mid ah sida hadhaagii dadka iyo xayawaanka la falanqeeyay intii lagu jiray cilmi-baaristii ugu dambeysay.
Isku dhufashada gaashaankii dagaalyahankii Viking ayaa la helay intii lagu jiray qodistii asalka ahayd ee 1998-2000. Xabagta ayaa laga helay isla xabaal la mid ah sida hadhaagii dadka iyo xayawaanka la falanqeeyay intii lagu jiray cilmi-baaristii ugu dambeysay. © Julian Richards, Jaamacadda York.

Professor Julian Richards, oo ka tirsan Waaxda Archaeology, University of York, oo wax ka agaasimay qodista xabaalaha Heath Wood Viking, ayaa yidhi, "Bayeux Tapestry wuxuu muujinayaa Norman fardooley ah oo ka soo degay fardaha raxantoodii ka hor Battle of Hastings, laakiin tani waa muujintii ugu horreysay ee cilmi-baariseed ee dagaalyahannada Viking ay fardo u qaadi jireen England laba boqol oo sano ka hor."

"Waxay muujinaysaa sida ay hoggaamiyeyaasha Viking-ku u qiimeeyeen fardahooda gaarka ah iyo kuwa ugaadhsiga ah ee ay ka keeneen Scandinavia, iyo in xayawaanka loo sadqeeyay in lagu aaso milkiilayaashooda."


Macluumaad dheeraad ah: Natiijooyinka waxaa lagu daabacay joornaalka sayniska QALABKA HALKAN.