Muna 2017, boka revanochera matongo nevatsvakurudzi akawana guta rakakanganwa kwenguva refu kumabvazuva kweEthiopia mudunhu reHarlaa. Inozivikanwa se "Guta reGiants" rekare, rakavakwa kutenderera 10th century BC. Kuwanikwa kwacho kwakaitwa neboka repasi rose revanochera matongo, kusanganisira vaongorori kubva kuYunivhesiti yeExeter neEthiopian Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation Authority.
Maguta makuru akavakwa nekugarwa nehofori inyaya yenyaya dzinoverengeka uye ngano. Tsika dzenzanga dzinoverengeka dzakaparadzaniswa nemakungwa makuru ose airatidza izvozvo kwaiva nehofori dzaigara paNyika, uye akawanda megalithic zvimiro kubva panguva dzakasiyana dzenhoroondo zvakare anoratidza kuvepo kwavo.
Zvinoenderana nengano dzeMesoamerican, iyo Quinametzin yaive nhangemutange yehofori dzakapihwa basa rekumisa metropolis yengano yeTeotihuacán, iyo yakavakwa navamwari vezuva. Musiyano padingindira iri unogona kuwanikwa pasi rese: maguta makuru, zviyeuchidzo, uye zvivakwa zvakakura zvaisakwanisika kuti vanhuwo zvavo vavake panguva yavakavakwa, nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwesainzi.
Muchikamu chino cheEthiopia, ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitika. Maererano nevagari vemazuva ano, zvivakwa zvihombe zvakavakwa nematombo makuru zvakakomberedza nzvimbo yeHarlaa, zvichiita kuti pave nechitendero chakakurumbira chokuti yaimbova musha we“Guta reMahofori” rengano. Vagari veko vakafukunura mari kubva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana, pamwe chete nemakeramiki ekare, nekufamba kwemakore, vanodaro. Akawanikwawo aiva matombo makuru okuvakisa aisakwanisa kufambiswa nevanhu pasina rubatsiro rwemichina yemazuva ano.
Idi rekuti zvivakwa izvi zvakavakwa nevanhu venguva dzose zvaifungidzirwa kuti hazvigoneke kwenguva yakareba nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi. Zvakawanda zvakawanikwa zvakawanikwa zvakaitwa semugumisiro wekuchera kweguta rekare.
Guta rakarasika muHarlaa
Vanamazvikokota vakashamiswa pavakawana zvinhu zvekare kubva kunzvimbo dziri kure mune zvakawanwa zvinoshamisa. Zvinhu zvakabva kuEgypt, India, neChina zvakawanikwa nenyanzvi, zvichiratidza kugona kwekutengeserana kwedunhu.
Mosque kubva muzana ramakore rechi 12, yakafanana neiyo yakawanikwa muTanzania, pamwe nenzvimbo yakazvimiririra yeSomaliland, dunhu risati razivikanwa zviri pamutemo senyika, yakawanikwa zvakare nevaongorori. Kuwanikwa uku, sekureva kwevanochera matongo, kunoratidza kuti pakanga paine hukama hwenhoroondo pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzechiIslam muAfrica mukati menguva iyoyo, uye.
Archeologist Timothy Insoll, mumwe purofesa wepaUniversity of Exeter, aitungamirira tsvakurudzo iyi akati: “Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinochinja manzwisisiro atinoita kutengeserana mune imwe nzvimbo yeEthiopia isingatarisirwi nevanochera matongo. Zvatakawana zvinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iyi ndiyo yaiva nzvimbo yekutengeserana munharaunda iyoyo. Guta rakanga rakapfuma, muzinda wakasarudzika wekugadzira zvishongo uye zvimedu zvakabva zvatorwa kuti zvitengeswe kutenderedza dunhu nekupfuura. Vagari vomuHarlaa vaiva nzanga yakavhengana yevokune dzimwe nyika uye vanhu vomunzvimbomo vaitengeserana nevamwe muGungwa Dzvuku, Indian Ocean uye sezvinobvira kure seArabian Gulf.”
Guta rehofori?
Vagari venzvimbo yeHarlaa vanotenda kuti yaigona kunge yakavakwa nehofori, maererano nezvavanotenda. Mafungiro avo ndeekuti saizi yematombo akashandiswa kuvaka zvivakwa izvi aigona kungotakurwa nehofori huru. Zvaivawo pachena kuti ava vanga vasiri vanhuwo zvavo nekuda kwehukuru hwezvivakwa, zvakare.
Zvichitevera ongororo yezvitunha zvinopfuura mazana matatu zvakawanikwa mumakuva enzvimbo iyi, vanochera matongo vakawana kuti vagari vemo vakanga vari pakati nepakati, uye nokudaro vaisaonekwa sehofori. Vakuru vechidiki nevechiri kuyaruka vakavigwa mumakuva akawanikwa, maererano naInsoll, uyo ari mutariri wekutarisa vanochera matongo vari kushanda pakuchera. Kwenguva iyoyo, ose akanga akareba zvakaenzana.
Ndichiri kubvuma ruzivo rwakapihwa nenyanzvi, vanhu veko vanoramba kuti havana chokwadi nezvavakawana uye vanoramba kuti hofori chete ndidzo dzaikwanisa kuvaka zvivakwa izvi zvakakura. Hakasi kekutanga kuti sayenzi yemazuva ano irambe ngano yave iripo kwemazana emakore ichiti inganowo zvayo.
Chii chiri pamusoro pevagari vemo chinoita kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti hofori dzakaita basa rokuvaka zvivako zveHarlaa? Mumakore aya, pane zvavakaona here? Hazvina kuita sekuti vangave vaine chinangwa chekugadzira kana kunyepa nezve chero chinhu chakadaro.
Pasinei nekuti makuva haapi humbowo hwekuvapo kwehofori, izvi hazvibvisi mukana wekuti hofori dzakabatanidzwa mukuvakwa kwenzvimbo iyi. Vazhinji vanotenda kuti zvisikwa izvi hazvina kuvigwa munzvimbo imwechete nekuti zvinoonekwa sezvikuru uye zvine simba. Vamwe havabvumirani nazvo.
