Ichokwadi icho Easter Island inozivikanwa zvakanyanya senzvimbo yezvinhu zvisinganzwisisike uye zvine mbiri moai zvifananidzo, asi izvi handizvo chete zvishamiso zvinopihwa nechitsuwa cheSouth Pacific. Nepo zvivakwa zvemoai zvichinakidza nekuda kwechinangwa chazvo chisingazivikanwe uye nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, mutauro unopera chiwi "Rongorongo" zvakaomarara zvakafanana. Mutauro wakanyorwa wemhando imwe chete unoratidzika kuva unobuda pachena muma1700, asi wakaendeswa kusingazikanwi mukati memazana maviri emakore.
Zvinotendwa kuti vanhu vekuPolynesia vakatamira kune yava kunzi Easter Island pane imwe nzvimbo pakati pemakore 300 AD na1200 AD, vakazvisimbisa ikoko. Nekuda kwekuwandisa kwevanhu uye kushandisa zvakawandisa zviwanikwa zvavo, maPolynesia akasangana nehuwandu hwevanhu kuwira mushure mekutanga budiriro. Zvinonzi pakasvika vatsvakurudzi vokuEurope muna 1722, vakauya nehosha dzakaparadza zvikuru vanhu vavo.
Zita rekuti Easter Island rakapihwa nemuenzi wekuEurope wekutanga pachitsuwa, muongorori wechiDutch Jacob Roggeveen, uyo akasangana naro paSvondo Svondo, 5 Kubvumbi, muna 1722, apo aitsvaga "Davis Nyika. ” Roggeveen akaritumidza kuti Paasch-Eyland (chiDutch chezana remakore rechi18 che "Easter Island"). Zita repamutemo rechitsuwa ichi, Isla de Pascua, rinorevawo kuti "Isita Island."
Iwo maRongorongo glyphs akawanikwa muna 1869 netsaona. Imwe yenyaya idzi yakapihwa Bhishopi weTahiti sechipo chisina kujairika. Pakasvika Eugène Eyraud, mumwe murwi weChechi yeRoman Catholic, paakasvika paEaster Island semumishinari muna Ndira 2, 1864, akaita kuti kuwanikwa kwekunyora kweRongorongo kuve kwekutanga. Mune rondedzero yakanyorwa yekushanya kwake, akarondedzera kuwanikwa kwake kwemapiritsi makumi maviri nematanhatu emapuranga aine zvinyorwa zvinotevera zvisinganzwisisike pavari.
"Muimba imwe neimwe munhu anowana mahwendefa emapuranga kana zvimiti zvakavharwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemavara: Idzo mifananidzo yemhuka dzisingazivikanwe pachitsuwa, idzo dzinogadzirwa nematombo nematombo akapinza. Nhamba yega yega ine zita rayo; asi kunyatso tarisa kwavanenge vachiita kumahwendefa aya kunoita kuti ndifunge kuti vanhu ava, zvisaririra zvemamwe manyorerwo echinyakare, vava kuita tsika yavanochengeta vasina kutsvaga zvarinoreva. ”
Rongorongo ipikicha-yakavakirwa kunyora kana Proto-kunyora system. Yakave yakawanikwa yakarongedzwa mumatafura akasiyana-siyana akavezwa emapuranga uye zvimwe zvinyorwa zvekare kubva kuchitsuwa ichi. Unyanzvi hwekunyora hwaisazivikanwa pane chero zvitsuwa zvakapoteredzwa, uye kuvapo kwenyaya yacho kwakakatyamadza anthropologists.
Parizvino, dudziro yakavimbika ndeyekuti veIsita Islanders vakafemerwa nezvakanyorwa zvavakaona apo veSpanish vakati pachitsuwa ichi muna 1770. Zvisinei, kunyangwe ichichimbidzika, hapana nyanzvi yemitauro kana nyanzvi yezvinocherwa mumatongo yakakwanisa kududzira mutauro uyu.
Mu Rapa Nui mutauro, unova mutauro wechizvarwa weEaster Island, izwi rekuti Rongorongo rinoreva "Kudzokorora, kutaura, kuimba." Pakawanwa mahwendefa akavezwa zvakaomarara, anga aserera, apiswa, kana kukuvara zvakanyanya. Tsvimbo yemuchinda, shiri-murume chidhori, uye maviri reimiro zvishongo zvakawanikwawo nema glyphs.
Pakati pemitsetse inofamba ichienda pamahwendefa pakanyorwa ma glyfu. Mamwe mahwendefa akave "akafuridzwa," pamwe nezvinyorwa zvacho zviri mukati memakero akagadzirwa nekukwiza nyere. Ivo vakaumbwa sevanhu, mhuka, zvinomera, uye maumbirwo ejometri muRongorongo pictograph. Muchiratidzo chega chega chine musoro, musoro unotungamirwa zvekuti unotarisa mudenga uye unotarisa kumberi kana kupurinda kurudyi.
Chimwe nechimwe chezviratidzo chine urefu hwekupoterera sentimita imwe. Iko kunyorerwa kwakarongedzwa kuitira kuti iverengerwe pasi-kumusoro, kuruboshwe-kurudyi. Reverse boustrophedon ndiro rehunyanzvi izwi reizvi. Zvinoenderana netsika yemuromo, zvinyorwa zvacho zvakagadzirwa uchishandisa obsidian flakes kana mazino madiki eeshark semidziyo yekutanga.
Sezvo paingove nemashoma mashoma zvidzidzo zvekufambidzana zvakaitwa pamahwendefa, hazvigoneke kuziva zera ravo chairo. Nekudaro, ivo vanofungidzirwa kuve vakagadzirwa kutenderedza 13th Century, panguva imwechete iyo masango akabviswa. Zvisinei, izvi zvinongova zvinyorwa, sezvo vagari veEaster Island vangave vakatema miti shomanana kuitira chinangwa chakajeka chekuvaka mahwendefa ematanda. Imwe glyph, iyo yakafanana nemuti wemuchindwe, inofungidzirwa kuve yemuchindwe yeEaster Island, iyo yakazopedzisira yakanyorwa muchinyorwa chepollen yechitsuwa ichi muna 1650, zvichiratidza kuti chinyorwa ichi chingori chekare.
Iyo glyphs yakaratidza kuve inonetsa kududzira. Kutora fungidziro yekuti Rongorongo ari kunyora, pane zvipingamupinyi zvitatu zvinoita kuti kuzvinzwisisa kuome. Huwandu hushoma hwemavara, kushaiwa kwemifananidzo uye zvimwe zvinoenderana nazvo, uye humbowo husina kutsarukana hwemutauro weOld Rapanui, uyo ungangodaro mutauro unoratidzwa mumapiritsi, zvese zvinhu zvakakonzera kusaziva kwavo.
Vamwe vanofunga kuti Rongorongo hakusi kunyora chaiko, asi kunyora-nyora, zvichireva muunganidzwa wezviratidzo izvo asi zvisingabatanidzi chero zvinyorwa zvemutauro mupfungwa yechinyakare.
Maererano Atlas yeMitauro dhatabhesi, “Rongorongo sezvingabvira yaishandiswa seyamuro yendangariro kana kuti nokuda kwezvinangwa zvokushongedza, panzvimbo pokunyora mutauro wechiRapanui waitaurwa nevagari vomuchitsuwa chacho.”
Kunyangwe zvichiri kusanzwisisika chaizvo kuti Rongorongo inotarisirwa kutaurirana, kuwanikwa uye kuongororwa kwemahwendefa kwakaratidza kuve danho rakakosha kumberi mukunzwisisa kwedu kwekare mabudiriro eIsita Island munguva yakapfuura.
Nekuti iwo manhamba akanyatso kuvezwa uye akanyatsoenderana, zviri pachena kuti tsika yechitsuwa chekare yaive nemeseji yekutumira, kungave kwaive kuratidzwa kusingaite kwezvinangwa zvekushongedza kana nzira yekufambisa mameseji nenyaya kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa.
Kunyangwe zvichikwanisika kuti kunzwisisa macode rimwe zuva kuchapa mhinduro dzekuti sei budiriro yechitsuwa yakadhirika, parizvino, mahwendefa anoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chakajeka chenguva dzaenda.
