Milu ya zinthu zoyera zoyera, za ufa zomwe zimapezeka mkati mwa mabwinja a nyumba ya zaka 3,000 ku Armenia ndi maloto a wolemba mbiri yakale - zotsalira za ufa wakale.
Gulu la akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale a ku Poland ndi ku Armenia linapeza zimenezi pamene likugwira ntchito pamalo ofukula zinthu zakale m’tauni ya Metsamor, kumadzulo kwa Armenia, October watha. Atazindikira ufawo ndi kufukula ng’anjo zingapo, gululo linazindikira kuti nyumba yakaleyo inali ngati malo ophikira buledi ambiri, amene panthaŵi ina anawotchedwa ndi moto.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anayamba kukumba kuti aphunzire zambiri za cholowa chachikulu, chokhala ndi mipanda mu Urartu Kingdom of Iron Age. Poyang'ana kwambiri zotsalira zomanga za nyumba yowotchedwa yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Lower City kuyambira cha m'ma 1200-1000 BC, adazindikira "mizere iwiri ya mizati 18 yamitengo yokhazikika padenga labango ndi matabwa," malinga ndi kutulutsidwa kwa Poland Science for Society.
+ XNUMX Chotsalacho chinali mizati ya miyala ya m’zipilala za nyumbayo, + ndipo anadula zidutswa za matabwa ake ndi denga lake. Ngakhale kuti nyumbayi inamangidwa kuti ikhale yosungirako, ofufuza akuti pali umboni wakuti ng'anjo zingapo zinawonjezeredwa pambuyo pake.
M'kati mwa zotsalira zomwe zinagwa, gululo linawona phulusa loyera lochindikala inchi. Poyamba ankaganiza kuti ndi phulusa, koma motsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Kryzstztof Jakubiak, gululo linagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyandama kuti inyowetse ufa wachinsinsi ndi kudziwa mapangidwe ake enieni.
Atafufuza mankhwala, gululo linapeza kuti ufawo unali ufa wa tirigu umene ankaugwiritsa ntchito pophika buledi. Ananena kuti, nthawi ina, pafupifupi matani 3.5 (matani 3.2) a ufa akadasungidwa mkati mwa nyumba ya 82-by-82-foot (25 by 25 metres). Ofufuza akuyerekeza kuti bulediyo inkagwira ntchito pakati pa zaka za m'ma 11 ndi 9 BC kumayambiriro kwa Iron Age.
"Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri zodziwika bwino ku Metsamor," adatero Jakubiak. “Popeza kuti denga la nyumbayo linagwa pamene moto unayaka, inkateteza chilichonse, ndipo mwamwayi ufawo unapulumuka. Ndizodabwitsa; Nthawi zonse, zonse ziyenera kutenthedwa ndi kuchotsedwa. ”
Nyumbayo isanakhale malo ophika buledi, Jakubiak adati, mwina "inkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo kapena misonkhano, kenako idasinthidwa kukhala yosungirako." Ngakhale ufa womwe unapezedwa sudyedwa pakadali pano, kale malowa nthawi ina anali ndi mapaundi 7,000 a chinthu chachikulu, akulozera ku bakery yomwe idamangidwa kuti ipangidwe mochuluka.
Ngakhale kuti sizidziwika zambiri za anthu akale a Metsamor, popeza analibe chinenero cholembedwa, ofufuza amadziwa kuti mzinda wokhala ndi mipanda yolimba kwambiri unakhala mbali ya ufumu wa Urarat (womwe umatchedwanso Urartu) atagonjetsedwa ndi Mfumu Argishti I mu 8th. zaka za m'ma BC. Izi zisanachitike, inali itakwana maekala 247 (mahekitala 100) ndipo nthaŵi ina “inazunguliridwa ndi kachisi wokhala ndi malo opatulika asanu ndi aŵiri,” malinga ndi kunena kwa Science in Poland.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apezanso malo ophika buledi ofananirako m'derali, koma monga Jakubiak adanenera potulutsa, Metsamor's tsopano ndi amodzi mwa akale kwambiri omwe amapezeka kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Caucasus.
