Dziko lapansi ndi pulaneti lomwe likusintha nthawi zonse ndipo pali zambiri zomwe sizikudziwikabe. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, tikuwulula zinsinsi zambiri zobisika. Gulu la ofufuza apadziko lonse lapansi adasanthula diamondi yosowa kwambiri, yomwe amakhulupirira kuti idapangidwa mozama pafupifupi mamailo 410 pansi pa Botswana.
Phunzirolo, lofalitsidwa m'magazini Sayansi ya Chilengedwe, inavumbula kuti chigawo chapakati pa chofunda chapamwamba ndi chapansi cha dziko lathu lapansi sichingakhale cholimba monga momwe timaganizira poyamba.
Malire apakati pa chobvala chakumwamba ndi chakumunsi cha dziko lapansi - dera lomwe limadziwika kuti Transition zone, lomwe limafikira ma kilomita mazanamazana kulowa mkatikati mwa dziko lapansi - lili ndi madzi otsekeka komanso mpweya woipa kuposa momwe amaganizira kale.
Kafukufukuyu atha kukhala ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pakumvetsetsa kwathu kayendedwe ka madzi padziko lapansi komanso momwe adasinthira kukhala nyanja yamchere yomwe tikudziwa masiku ano pazaka 4.5 biliyoni zapitazi.
Frank Brenker, wofufuza pa Institute for Geosciences pa yunivesite ya Goethe ku Frankfurt ndi gulu lake anasonyeza kuti malo osinthira siponji owuma, koma amakhala ndi madzi ochuluka. Malinga ndi zimene Brenker ananena, “izi zikutifikitsanso pafupi ndi lingaliro la Jules Verne la nyanja mkati mwa Dziko Lapansi.”
Ngakhale kuti nkhokwe yaikuluyi ikuwoneka ngati dothi lakuda ndi miyala ya hydrous - komanso pazovuta zomwe sizingatheke - ikhoza kukhala yodabwitsa (mwinamwake yaikulu padziko lonse) pamtundu wonse.
"Madambowa amatha kukhala ndi madzi ambiri ndi CO2," adatero Branker. "Koma mpaka pano sizikudziwika kuti ndi ndalama zingati zomwe zimalowa m'malo osinthika kukhala okhazikika, mchere wa hydrous ndi carbonates - ndipo sizikudziwika ngati madzi ambiri amasungidwa pamenepo."
Malinga ndi mawuwo, malo osinthira okha amatha kukhala ndi madzi owirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amapezeka munyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi ataphatikizana.
Daimondi yomwe idaphunziridwa idachokera kudera lachovala chapadziko lapansi pomwe ringwoodite - chinthu chomwe chimangoyamba chifukwa cha kukanikiza kwakukulu ndi kutentha muchovala chapadziko lapansi koma chimatha kusunga madzi bwino - chimakhala chochuluka. Mfuti yosuta kwa ofufuza: diamondi yophunziridwayo idaphatikizapo ringwoodite, moteronso madzi.
Atafufuza za diamondi yofananira mu 2014, asayansi adaganiza kuti malo osinthira dziko lapansi amakhala ndi madzi ambiri, koma zomwe zaposachedwa zimathandizira chiphunzitsocho.
"Mukangokhala ndi chitsanzo chimodzi, chitha kukhala dera lamadzi," Suzette Timmerman, katswiri wamaphunziro a geochemist komanso postdoctoral ku University of Alberta, yemwe sanachite nawo kafukufukuyu, adauza a Scientific American, "pamenepo kukhala ndi chitsanzo chachiwiri, titha kunena kale kuti sizochitika kamodzi kokha.
Kupatula apo, musaiwale kuti nyanja zimaphimba 70 peresenti ya padziko lapansi kotero siziyenera kudabwitsa kuti zikafika pakufufuza, tangokanda pamwamba. Pakalipano, maso aumunthu adangowona pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya pansi pa nyanja - zikutanthauza kuti 95 peresenti sichinafufuzidwebe. Tangoganizani kuti ndi zinthu zingati zachinsinsi zomwe nyanja yapansi panthaka imeneyi ingakhalemo.
Pali zambiri zomwe sitinadziwebe za pulaneti lathu lomwe. Kutulukira kumeneku kuli ndi tanthauzo lofunika kwambiri pa kumvetsetsa kwathu kayendedwe ka madzi a Dziko Lapansi ndi mmene zamoyo zinayambira padzikoli. Tikuyembekezera kafukufuku wamtsogolo pamutuwu womwe mosakayikira utiunikire zambiri pa zomwe zapezedwa mochititsa chidwizi.
Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa koyamba mu Nature Geoscience mu Seputembara 26 2022.
