Monolith ya Tlaloc ndi chifaniziro chamwala chachikulu kwambiri choimira mulungu wa Aztec wa mvula, madzi, mphezi, ndi ulimi, Tlaloc. Chipilala chochititsa chidwi chimenechi, chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndicho chachikulu kwambiri ku America, chinaima pafupi ndi tawuni ya Coatlinchan (kutanthauza 'nyumba ya njoka'). Masiku ano, Monolith wa Tlaloc wochititsa mantha amakongoletsa khomo la National Museum of Anthropology ku Mexico City. M’nkhani ino, tipenda mbiri, kupezeka, ndi kufunika kwa luso lakale limeneli, komanso tipenda zinsinsi zimene zinachititsa kuti pakhale zovuta zakalezi.
Tlaloc anali ndani?
Tlaloc anali mmodzi mwa milungu yofunika kwambiri komanso yolemekezeka kwambiri m'gulu la Aztec. Amakhulupirira kuti dzina lake ndi lophatikiza mawu awiri a Chinawato, thali ndi oc, omwe amatanthauza 'dziko lapansi' ndi 'chinachake chapamtunda,' motsatira. Monga mulungu makamaka wokhudzana ndi zochitika zanyengo zokhudzana ndi madzi, Tlaloc anali ndi zikhulupiliro za Aztec.
Makhalidwe abwino komanso osangalatsa
Kumbali ina, Tlaloc anali munthu wachifundo amene anatumiza mvula padziko lapansi, chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ulimi ndi zamoyo. Kumbali ina, iye akanathanso kumasula mphamvu zake zowononga mwa kuyambitsa mikuntho, chilala, ndi masoka ena amene anasokoneza miyoyo ya anthu. Chikhalidwe chapawiri chimenechi chinapangitsa Tlaloc kukhala mulungu wofunika komanso wochititsa mantha pamaso pa Aaziteki akale.
Kupembedza ndi zopereka
Kachisi Wamkulu wa Tenochtitlan (wotchedwanso 'Templo Mayor') anaperekedwa kwa milungu iwiri, mmodzi mwa iwo anali Tlaloc. Wina anali Huitzilopochtli, mulungu wankhondo wa Aaziteki. Masitepe opita ku kachisi wa Tlaloc anali utoto wabuluu ndi woyera, kutanthauza madzi, chinthu cha mulungu. Zopereka zopezeka m’kachisimo zinaphatikizapo zinthu zogwirizanitsidwa ndi nyanja, monga matanthwe ndi zipolopolo za m’nyanja, kugogomezeranso kugwirizana kwa Tlaloc ndi madzi.
Zipilala zolemekeza Tlaloc
Tlaloc ankapembedzedwa mu Ufumu wa Aztec, ndipo zipilala zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zakale zapezeka zomwe zimatsimikizira kufunika kwake:
Monolith wa Tlaloc ku Morelos
Mosakayikira chiwonetsero chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha Tlaloc ndi Monolith ya Tlaloc yokha. Monga monolith yomwe imapezeka ku Morelos, chosema chamwalachi chinayambanso m'zaka za m'ma 8 AD (ngakhale magwero ena amati tsiku la 5th century). Kulemera pafupifupi matani 152 ndi kuima pa 7 mamita (22.97 ft.) wamtali, Monolith wa Tlaloc amaonedwa kuti ndi monolith yaikulu kwambiri yodziwika ku America.
Monolith imakhala ndi zithunzi zaulimi ndi chithunzi cha Tlaloc kumbali zake. Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amalingalira kuti monolith imeneyi inkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo, makamaka popempha mvula kwa mulungu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zawonedwa kuti monolith sinamalizidwe kwenikweni ndi omwe adayipanga.
Guwa la nsembe ku Kachisi Wamkulu wa Tenochtitlan
Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi chokhudzana ndi Tlaloc chinafukulidwa mu 2006 pa mabwinja a Kachisi Wamkulu wa Tenochtitlan ku Mexico City. Guwa la nsembe la mwala ndi la pansi limeneli, lomwe anthu amakhulupirira kuti linali la zaka 500, linapezedwa kumadzulo kwa kachisiyo. Guwali lili ndi frieze yosonyeza Tlaloc ndi mulungu wina waulimi.
Kutulukira ndi kutulukiranso
Monolith ya Tlaloc inapezekanso koyamba cha m'ma 19, ili pansi pa mtsinje wouma pafupi ndi tawuni ya Coatlinchan. Inakhalabe pamalo ake oyambirira mpaka zaka za m'ma 20 pamene adaganiza zosunthira monolith kupita ku Mexico City kukakongoletsa khomo la National Museum of Anthropology yomwe idamangidwa kumene.
Mavuto osamuka ndi zikondwerero
Kunyamula Monolith yayikulu ya Tlaloc sikunali kophweka. Anthu a ku Coatlinchan pomalizira pake anavomera pempho losamuka potengera kuti m’tawuni yawo amangidwe malo ena, monga msewu wa boma, sukulu, ndi zipatala. Mgwirizanowu unatsogolera ulendo wodabwitsa wa monolith kupita ku Mexico City pa Epulo 16, 1964.
The Monolith ya Tlaloc inanyamulidwa pa ngolo yaikulu yopangidwa ndi cholinga, yomwe imakhala mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 48 (29.83 miles). Itafika ku likulu, monolith inalandilidwa ndi khamu la anthu 25,000 pabwalo la Zocalo, komanso chimphepo chachilendo chomwe chinachitika m'nyengo yachilimwe.
Ntchito zoteteza
Chiyambire kukhazikitsidwa kwake pakhomo la National Museum of Anthropology, Monolith ya Tlaloc yakhala ikukumana ndi zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke pakapita nthawi. Mu 2014, akatswiri anayamba kuwunika mkhalidwe wa monolith pokonzekera ntchito yobwezeretsa.
Zinsinsi zozungulira monolith
Kupezeka ndi mbiri ya Monolith ya Tlaloc zaphimbidwa ndi mafunso angapo osayankhidwa komanso tsatanetsatane wovuta:
Chiyambi ndi miyala
Limodzi mwa mafunso omwe adakalipo okhudza Monolith ya Tlaloc ndi chiyambi cha mwala wa andesite wa tani 167 umene unasema. Mpaka pano, miyala yomwe idakumbidwa mwala sinapezeke.
Njira zoyendera
Chinsinsi china chozungulira monolith ndi momwe Aaziteki (kapena mafuko ena) adanyamulira chifanizo chachikulu chotere popanda magalimoto amawilo, malinga ndi mbiri yakale.
Udindo ndi kuwonongeka
Monolith wa Tlaloc anapezeka atagona chagada, zomwe sizachilendo chifukwa zikuwoneka kuti chibolibolicho chinali choti chiimirire. Kuphatikiza apo, mbali yakutsogolo ya monolith imawonongeka kwambiri. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino ngati anthu anawononga zimenezi.
Zongoyerekeza pa cholinga cha monolith
Chifukwa cha malo a monolith mkati mwa mtsinje ndi zinthu zake zachilendo (monga kumbuyo kwakukulu kwa fano ndi dzenje la "mwambo" pamwamba), ena amanena kuti Monolith wa Tlaloc akanatha kukhala mzati wa mlatho wakale. kuwoloka mtsinje. Komabe, chiphunzitsochi chikhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa ziboliboli zina zofananira, zomwe sizinapezeke kapena kufukulidwa m'dera la Texcoco.
Mawu omaliza
Giant Ancient Monolith of Tlaloc akadali umboni wosamvetsetseka wa chitukuko cha Aztec ndi machitidwe ake ovuta a zikhulupiliro. Imayima monyadira pakhomo la National Museum of Anthropology ku Mexico City, ikupitilizabe kukopa komanso kusangalatsa alendo ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti pali mafunso ndi zinsinsi zambiri zomwe zimazungulirabe chinthu chachikuluchi, Monolith ya Tlaloc imakhala ngati chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha anthu akale a Aztec.
