Malo a mitsuko ya megalithic ku Laos, omwe nthawi zambiri amawatcha kuti Chigwa cha Mitsuko, amakhalabe amodzi mwa miyambo yodabwitsa komanso yosamvetsetseka yaku Southeast Asia. Dera lalikululi, lokwana masikweya kilomita 2,000, lili ndi mitsuko ikuluikulu ya miyala yambirimbiri, ina yolemera matani khumi ndi anayi. Ngakhale kuti zaka zambiri zafukufuku, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amadabwabe ndi amene anawaika pamenepo, ndipo chifukwa chiyani. Kodi malowa anali manda, kapena ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo wina?
Mofanana ndi Stonehenge ku England, chiyambi cha Chigwa cha Mitsuko sichikudziwikabe. Ambiri mwa malowa amapezeka m'chigawo cha Xieng Khouang, ndipo pomwe onse amachitcha kuti 'Chigwa cha Mitsuko', malowa amakhala m'mphepete mwa mapiri, zinyalala, kapena m'mapiri ozungulira chigwa chapakati ndi zigwa.
Zosema mwala ndi zooneka ngati cylindrical, mitsuko yosakongoletsedwa kwambiri - imodzi yokha imakhala ndi "frogman" yomwe imayikidwa kunja kwake - imasiyana maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, ngakhale kuti imapangidwa ndi mchenga. Zida zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi breccia, conglomerate, granite, ndi miyala yamchere. Mitsuko imayambira mita imodzi mpaka itatu.
Palibe chodziŵika bwino ponena za anthu amene wosema mitsuko ikuluikuluyo, ndipo mitsukoyo siidziŵa kwenikweni kumene inachokera kapena cholinga chake. Malinga ndi nthano ya ku Lao, mitsukoyo inalengedwa ndi mpikisano wa zimphona zitapambana kupambana kwakukulu pankhondo. Zimphonazo zinagwiritsa ntchito mitsukoyo kupangira ndi kusunga lau hai, lomwe limatanthauza 'vinyo wa mpunga' kapena 'mowa wa mpunga.'
Mitsuko yooneka ngati cylindrical imakhala ndi mkombero wa milomo yochirikiza chivindikiro, ndipo imachokera ku imodzi mpaka mamita atatu muutali, yolemera mpaka matani 14. Zitsanzo zochepa kwambiri za zivundikiro zamwala zalembedwa, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mitsukoyo inali yotsekedwa ndi zinthu zowonongeka.
Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri za malingaliro ndi kufufuza, gulu lotsogozedwa ndi ofufuza awiri a ku Australia ndi wofufuza wina wa ku Laotian adalembapo mitsukoyi. Pogwiritsa ntchito umisiri waukatswiri wodziwika kuti Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL), gululo lidasanthula matope pansi pa mitsuko m'malo 120 osiyanasiyana, ndikupeza kuti adamangidwa nthawi ina pakati pa 1240 ndi 660 BCE.
Ntchito ya mitsukoyo ikukambitsiranabe za ntchito ya mitsukoyi, pomwe akatswiri ena ofukula zinthu zakale amanena kuti inali zombo zosungiramo mitembo zakale, zoonekeratu potulukira mabwinja a anthu, zinthu zokwirira, ndi zoumba zozungulira mitsukoyo.
Akatswiri ena amati ntchito yopangira mitsuko yochuluka chonchi ikusonyeza kuti anapangidwa kuti azigwira madzi a mvula m’nyengo ya mvula yamvula ndipo kenako amawawiritsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito apaulendo odutsa m’derali.
Chiphunzitso china chimati mitsukoyo inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotengera zosungunula, pomwe thupi limayikidwa mkati ndikusiyidwa kuti liwole, lomwe limachotsedwa kuti mtembo uwotche kapena kuyikanso m'manda.
M’miyambo yamasiku amaliro yotsatiridwa ndi mafumu a ku Thailand, Cambodian, ndi Laotian, mtembo wa wakufayo umaikidwa m’nkhokwe m’magawo oyambirira a mwambo wa maliro, panthaŵi imene mzimu wa wakufayo umakhulupirira kuti ukusintha pang’onopang’ono kuchoka pa dziko lapansi. ku dziko lauzimu. Kuwola kwamwambo kumatsatiridwa ndi kutenthedwa ndi kuikidwa m'manda kachiwiri.
Ochita kafukufuku apezanso ma discs ofukulidwa mokongola okhala ndi zithunzi za geometric zozungulira mozungulira, za anthu, ndi nyama, zomwe zidapezeka zitakwiriridwa m'mbali zake zokongoletsedwa zitayang'ana pansi. Ofufuza ena amati mwina ndi zolembera maliro.
Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa koyamba m'magazini PLOS One. Marichi 10, 2021.
