Mbiri nthawi zonse imakhala ndi njira yotidabwitsa ndi zochititsa chidwi komanso nthawi zina za macabre. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zosamvetsetseka komanso zosamvetsetseka m'mbiri yakale ndi zolemba zakale zachilatini zopezeka ku Kazakhstan, zomwe chikuto chake ndi cha khungu la munthu. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chakuti ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la masamba ake omwe afotokozedwa mpaka pano. Chifukwa chake, zolemba pamanja zakhala zongopeka komanso zofufuza zambiri kwazaka zambiri, komabe zidali zobisika.
Mipukutuyo, yomwe akuganiza kuti inalembedwa m’Chilatini chakale mu 1532 ndi mlembi wina dzina lake Petrus Puardus wa kumpoto kwa Italy, ili ndi masamba 330, koma 10 okha a iwo ndi amene amasuliridwa mpaka lero. Malinga ndi Lipoti la Daily Sabah, zolembazo zidaperekedwa ndi wokhometsa payekha ku Rare Publications Museum of the National Academic Library ku Astana, komwe wakhala akuwonetsedwa kuyambira 2014.
Malinga ndi kunena kwa Möldir Tölepbay, katswiri wa dipatimenti ya Science of the National Academic Library, bukuli linamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yachikalekale yomangira mabuku yotchedwa anthropodermic bookbinding. Njirayi idagwiritsa ntchito khungu la munthu pomanga.
🌷 Kazakhstan imawonetsa zolemba zachinsinsi zokhala ndi chophimba pakhungu la munthuhttps://t.co/kqoom5XCI9
- Rapa Nui (@Rapa224) April 4, 2023
Kafukufuku wofunikira wasayansi wachitika pachikuto cha malembo apamanja, pomaliza kuti khungu la munthu linagwiritsidwa ntchito polenga. National Academic Library yatumiza zolembedwa pamanja ku bungwe lapadera lofufuza ku France kuti likaunikenso.
Ngakhale masamba oyambilira omwe amawerengedwa akuwonetsa kuti zolembedwazo zitha kukhala ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi zochitika zachuma monga ngongole ndi ngongole zanyumba, zomwe zili m'bukuli sizikudziwika. National Academic Library imakhala ndi zofalitsa pafupifupi 13,000, kuphatikiza mabuku opangidwa kuchokera ku chikopa cha njoka, miyala yamtengo wapatali, nsalu ya silika, ndi ulusi wagolide.
Pomaliza, ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la zolemba zomwe zafotokozedwa, pali zinsinsi zambiri zozungulira zomwe zili m'malembowa komanso cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito khungu la munthu ngati chophimba. Kupeza kotereku kumawunikira machitidwe akale komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabwinja a anthu m'zinthu zakale. Ndikofunikira kuti khama lipangidwe kuti apitilize kumasulira malembo apamanja, chifukwa ali ndi kuthekera kovumbulutsa zidziwitso zofunikira zakale. Kufunika kwa chinthu ichi sikungatheke ndipo kumapereka umboni wa chuma (chosadabwitsa) cha chikhalidwe cha Kazakhstan.
