Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti chimodzi mwa zinthu zakale kwambiri zanyama zakale kwambiri zomwe zidapezekapo, zotsalira za nyama zam'madzi zazaka 520 miliyoni, zapezedwa ndi asayansi.
Nyama yotsalira, fuxhianhuiid arthropod, ili ndi chitsanzo choyambirira cha dongosolo lamanjenje lomwe limadutsa pamutu ndipo lili ndi miyendo yakale pansi pamutu pake.
N’kutheka kuti anyaniwa ankayendayenda m’munsi mwa nyanja pogwiritsa ntchito manja ake kukankhira chakudya m’kamwa mwake. Miyendoyo imatha kupereka chidziwitso cha kusinthika kwa arthropods, zomwe zimaphatikizapo tizilombo ndi crustaceans.
“Popeza akatswiri a sayansi ya zinthu zamoyo amadalira kwambiri mmene zinthu zamoyo zimakhalira kuti zigawitse magulu a nyamakazi, monga tizilombo ndi akangaude, phunziro lathu limapereka mfundo yofunika kwambiri yoti tikonzenso mbiri ya chisinthiko ndi maubale a nyama zosiyanasiyana komanso zopezeka padziko lonse lapansi,” inatero kafukufukuyu. wolemba nawo Javier Ortega-Hernández, wasayansi wapadziko lapansi ku yunivesite ya Cambridge, m'mawu ake. "Izi ndizomwe tikuwona pano zakukula kwa miyendo ya arthropod."
Chinyama choyambirira
Fuxhianhuiid inkakhala kuphulika koyambirira kwa Cambrian, pamene zamoyo zokhala ndi ma cell angapo zidasinthika mwachangu kukhala zamoyo zam'madzi, pafupifupi zaka 50 miliyoni nyama zisanatuluke kuchokera kunyanja kupita kumtunda.
Ngakhale kuti fuxhianhuiid idapezedwa kale, zokwiriridwa zakalezi nthawi zonse zimapezedwa chamutu, ndi ziwalo zawo zamkati zobisika pansi pa chigoba chachikulu.
Komabe, Ortega-Hernández ndi anzake atayamba kukumba kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa China komwe kumadziwika kuti Xiaoshiba, komwe kuli zinthu zakale zokwiriridwa pansi zakale, adapeza zitsanzo zambiri za ma fuxhianhuiids omwe matupi awo adatembenuzidwa asanauzidwe. Ponseponse, ofufuzawo adapeza zitsanzo zina zisanu ndi zitatu kuphatikiza ndi arthropod yosungidwa modabwitsa.
N’kutheka kuti nyama zakale zimenezi zinkatha kusambira kwa mtunda waufupi, koma n’zosakayikitsa kuti zinkakhala zikukwawa m’mphepete mwa nyanja kufunafuna chakudya. Zilombo zoyamba zophatikizika kapena nyamakazi, kuphatikizapo zamoyo za m'madzi, ziyenera kuti zinachokera ku mphutsi za miyendo. Zomwe anapezazi zikuwunikira mbiri yotheka ya chisinthiko cha mitundu ina yakale kwambiri ya nyama zodziwika.
"Zofukufukuzi ndi zenera lathu labwino kwambiri kuti tiwone nyama zakale kwambiri momwe timazidziwira - kuphatikiza ife," adatero Ortega-Hernández m'mawu ake. "Zisanachitike, palibe umboni womveka bwino m'mbiri yakale yoti chinthu chinali nyama kapena chomera - koma tikulembabe tsatanetsatane, yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri."
