Mawu achiaramu akale amafotokoza za 'wakudya' wodabwitsa yemwe amabweretsa 'moto' kwa ozunzidwa!

Kusanthula kwa zolemba zamatsenga kukuwonetsa kuti zidalembedwa nthawi ina pakati pa 850 BC ndi 800 BC, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti mawuwo akhale mawu achiaramu akale kwambiri omwe adapezekapo.

Pali nkhani zambiri zochititsa mantha za mfiti, mizukwa ndi zilombo zochokera ku nthano zakale zomwe zikupitirizabe kuopseza midzi yamakono. N’zosavuta kunyalanyaza nkhani zimenezi monga nthano zongopeka popanda maziko a choonadi cha m’mbiri, koma bwanji ngati pali zambiri?

Mawu achiaramu akale amafotokoza za 'wakudya' wodabwitsa yemwe amabweretsa 'moto' kwa ozunzidwa! 1
Fanizo la nyongolotsi yodabwitsa ya m'chipululu, yomwe ikutsegula pakamwa pake, m'chipululu komanso mphepo yamkuntho. © Shutterstock

Dziko lakale linali lodzala ndi nthano zachilendo ndi zochitika zosamvetsetseka. Zauzimu nthawi zambiri zimaimbidwa mlandu pazochitika zowopsa monga miliri, masoka achilengedwe, ndi matenda. Komabe, nthano zimenezi mwina zinachokera ku zenizeni zenizeni!

Zomwe anapeza mu Ogasiti 2017 za mawu achiaramu azaka 2,800 zanenedwa kuti “ndizolemba zoyamba za mtundu umenewu” ndi akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale. Mawuwa anapezedwa atakhomeredwa m’mbali mwa chotengera chamwala chakale chofukulidwa ku Pergamoni masiku ano ku Turkey. Zolembedwazi zikuganiziridwa kuti ndi nkhani yakale yochokera koona.

Mawu akalewa anali ndi zithunzithunzi za nyama monga zinkhanira kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo (zosonyezedwa apa). Kusanthula kwa zolemba zamatsenga kukuwonetsa kuti zidalembedwa nthawi ina pakati pa 850 BC ndi 800 BC, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti mawuwo akhale mawu achiaramu akale kwambiri omwe adapezekapo. © Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Roberto Ceccacci/Courtesy of the Chicago-Tübingen Expedition to Zincirli
Mawu akalewa anali ndi zithunzithunzi za nyama monga zinkhanira kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo (zosonyezedwa apa). Kusanthula kwa zolemba zamatsenga kukuwonetsa kuti zidalembedwa nthawi ina pakati pa 850 BC ndi 800 BC, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti mawuwo akhale mawu achiaramu akale kwambiri omwe adapezekapo. © Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Roberto Ceccacci/Courtesy of the Chicago-Tübingen Expedition to Zincirli

Chombo chamwala chomwe chinapezeka m'nyumba yakale yofanana ndi kachisi ku Zincirli ku Turkey poyamba chinali ndi zodzoladzola koma zidagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwonetsa mawu odabwitsa.

Nkhani inajambulidwa pamwamba, yofotokoza kugwidwa kwa chinthu chotchedwa "wowononga" chomwe chimanenedwa kuti chimabweretsa "moto" kwa ozunzidwa. Zotsatira zake zinali imfa yopweteka kwambiri. Njira yokhayo imene munthu akanatha kuchira inali kugwiritsira ntchito mwazi wa wodyayo.

Chilankhulocho sichinafotokoze momwe magaziwo ayenera kuperekera - sizikudziwika ngati magaziwo anaperekedwa kwa munthu wovutitsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe angamezedwe kapena ngati adapaka pathupi lawo - kapena chidziwitso cha cholengedwacho.

Mafanizo ankasonyeza kuti mwina ndi centipede kapena chinkhanira. "Moto" umamveka ngati mbola yopweteka - izi zimamveka mofanana ndi zosafotokozedwa Mphutsi yakufa yaku Mongolia.

Wolembayo anali wamatsenga wotchedwa Rahim, amene analemba malangizowo m’Chiaramu zaka pafupifupi 2,800 zapitazo. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ikhale mawu olankhula Chiaramu akale kwambiri omwe adapezekapo. Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amakhulupirira kuti matsengawo anali ofunika kwambiri kuti atetezedwe pambuyo pa moyo wa wamatsenga chifukwa cholembedwacho chinali kale zaka zoposa zana pamene kachisi anamangidwa.

Mawu achiaramu akalewa ndi malongosoledwe owopsa a cholengedwa chosadziwika chomwe chimabweretsa moto kwa omwe adaphedwa. Ngakhale kuti sitingadziwe za cholengedwa chodabwitsachi, ndizosangalatsa kuganizira za cholinga chomwe chinathandizira omwe adapanga mawu olankhula mawu olankhula.