Mwala wa Chimaliziro ndi chizindikiro chakale chachifumu ku Scotland ndipo chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka mazana ambiri potsegulira mafumu awo. Ndi chinthu chopatulika. Ngakhale chiyambi chake sichikudziwika, malinga ndi nthano, Mwala Wakuwononga udagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pilo ndi Yakobo munthawi za m'Baibulo ndipo adatengedwa kuchokera ku Yerusalemu ndi othawa kwawo omwe akuthawa kuzunzidwa mzindawu. M'modzi mwa iwo anali mfumukazi yotchedwa Scota.
Ogwidwawo adathawa kudutsa ku Egypt, Sicily ndi Spain pomaliza amafika ku Ireland komwe mwalawo udadziwika kuti Stone of Destiny, womwe umatchedwanso Stone of Scone, Scottish Gaelic Lia Fáil. Mwala wopatulikawo udagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwala woponyera miyala mafumu apamwamba aku Ireland ndipo amakhulupirira kuti amalira mokondwera mfumu yoyenerera ya ku Ireland itakhala pamenepo.
Lia Fáil - Mwala wa Chimaliziro
Akatswiri ena tsopano amakhulupirira kuti miyala iwiri yakale imeneyi ndi yofanana. Chowonadi ndi chiyani chokhudza Mwala wodabwitsa wa Kudziwiratu. Lia Fáil imapezeka m'mabuku akale a Lebor Gabála Érenn (kutanthauza "Bukhu la Kutenga ku Ireland"). Bukuli lomwe lidalembedwa m'zaka za zana la 11, ndi ndakatulo ndi nthano zambiri za mbiri yakale zaku Ireland.
Bukuli limafotokoza za Tuath Dé Danann yemwe ndi waumulungu, anthu a mulungu wamkazi Danu (mulungu wamkazi wa Celtic wanzeru) akubweretsa Lia Fáil kuchokera ku Scotland kupita ku Tara ku Ireland. Mwalawo unali chimodzi mwazinthu zinayi zamatsenga zomwe zidapatsa a Tuawat chigonjetso pankhondo ndipo adatha kunena ngati mfumu yomwe ikufuna kuvekedwa pamwalawo inali yolamulira ku Ireland.
Pochita loya waku Scotland, Baldred Bisset, lolembedwa mu 1301, mwana wamkazi wa Farao mfumu yaku Egypt afika ku Ireland akuphatikizana ndi aku Ireland. Amapita ku Scotland atakhala pampando wake wachifumu. Malinga ndi nthano iyi, dzina la mwana wamkazi wa farao anali Scotta yemwe amati adamupatsa dzina ku dziko la Scotland.
Mwala wa Lia Fáil womwe udayima pa Phiri la Tara ndi mita imodzi yaying'ono yamiyala yamiyala yamiyala yamiyala yam'miyala yomwe imakwiriridwa pansi pake. Tara ili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Dublin, Niche Gráinne, ku County Meath ndi amodzi mwamalo opatulika akale kwambiri ku Europe.
Ndipo kuchokera pano pomwe mafumu apamwamba a 142 aku Ireland akuti akulamulira dzikolo. Phiri la Tara lili ndi zipilala zakale zowoneka bwino za 25 kuphatikiza manda a neolithic omwe amadziwika kuti Mound Of The Hostages. Zomwe zidayamba pafupifupi 3,350 BC.
Mwalawo wasunthidwa kangapo pazaka zambiri. Mu 1798, idasamutsidwa kupita komwe ikadali pano kuti ikayike manda ambiri a zigawenga za United Irish aku 400 omwe adagwa pankhondo ya Tara. Lia Fáil idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwala wamatsenga wa mafumu onse aku Ireland ndipo mfumu yoyenerera ya dzikolo itaimirira, imabangula katatu kuvomereza.
Malinga ndi nkhani zina, mwala uwu adatengedwa kuchokera ku Tara kupita ku Scone ku Perthshire Scotland ndi kalonga waku Ireland wotchedwa Fergus. Yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala mfumu yaku Scotland mzaka za 5th kapena 6 AD Mwalawo udakhala komweko mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 13. Pamene King Edward I waku England adatenga kuti akakhazikitse ku Westminster Abbey.
Komabe, akatswiri ofukula zakale amakhulupirira kuti Lia Fáil poyambirira adayima kutsogolo kwa Mound Of The Hostages ndipo mwina anali wamiyambo nthawiyo. Ngati mwalawo ndi gawo la chipilalachi cha zaka 5,300 mwina, sichikadachoka ku Hill of Tara. Chifukwa chake nthawi ina m'mbuyomu miyambo yakale iyenera kuti idasokonekera ndikusokoneza Lia Fáil ndi mwala woponyera miyala waku Scottish ndikuphatikiza zonse ndi Stone Of Destiny.
Mwala wa Westminster Abbey
Mwala wokhotakhota womwe tsopano uli m'malo omwe pansi pa mpando wa Coronation Chair ku Westminster Abbey ndimakona amakona anayi amiyala yamiyala yofiira yofiirira yokometsedwa ndi mtanda umodzi waku Latin. Amayeza mainchesi 26 m'litali ndi mainchesi 16 m'lifupi ndipo ndi mainchesi 10 ndi theka ndikuzama mapaundi 336 (152 Kg).
Pali mphete yachitsulo yolumikizidwa kumapeto kwa mwalawo mwina wopangirako mayendedwe kukhala osavuta. Mwala wokhala pamwala umakhulupirira kuti ndiwofanana ndi Stone Of Scone womwe umasungidwa poyamba Scone Abbey, chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 12. Kufufuza kwa mwalawo kwawonetsa kuti mwalawo unasemedwa m'dera la Scone ku Perthshire.
Chiyambi cha mwala wachifumuwu sichimveka koma mwina chidabweretsedwa m'zaka za zana la 9 kuchokera ku Antrim ku Northern Ireland kwamasiku ano ndi Kenneth Mcalpin. Mfumu ya 36 ya Dalrieda ufumu wachi Gaelic womwe umabwereranso mpaka zaka za m'ma 5 ndipo umazungulira nyanja yamadzulo yaku Scotland ndi County Antrim pagombe la Northern Ireland.
Mwalawo udagwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zambiri mu Coronation of Scottish Monarchs. Komabe mu 1296, pomwe mfumu yaku England Edward I adagonjetsa Scotland ndipo ataba kale zovala zaku Scottish ku Edinburgh, adachotsanso mwala woponyera miyala ku Scone Abbey. Edward adatenga mwalawo kupita nawo ku Westminster Abbey komwe udakonzedwa mu mpando wamtengo waukulu womwe umadziwika kuti Eedwards Chair. Pomwe mafumu ambiri aku England omwe adatsatiridwa adapatsidwa korona.
A Thomas Pennant paulendo wawo wa 1776 ku Scotland ndipo mawu ake ku Hebrides akufotokoza nthano yodziwika bwino yoti Stone Of Scone poyamba idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Jacob wa m'Baibulo mumtsamiro wake pomwe anali ku bethel komanso loto lodziwika bwino la makwerero akumwamba. Malinga ndi nthano iyi, mwalawo udatengeredwa ku Spain komwe udagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpando wachilungamo ndi a Gelthelas am'nthawi ya Mose usanathe ku Scone.
Kuba ndi chisokonezo
Pa tsiku la Khrisimasi 1950 ophunzira anayi aku Scottish (Ian Hamilton, Alan Stuart, Gavin Vernon, ndi Kay Matheson) adalowa ku Westminster Abbey ndikuba Coronation Stone. Ophunzirawa anali mamembala a Scottish Covenant Association, bungwe lomwe cholinga chawo chachikulu chinali kupezera anthu ufulu wodziyimira pawokha ku Scottish kuchokera ku England.
Tsoka ilo pochotsa mwalawo ku Abbey, udagawika mzidutswa ziwiri. Ophunzirawo pamapeto pake adatenga mwalawo kupita nawo ku Scotland, komwe adakonza ndi miyala.
Mu Epulo 1951, idatsala paguwa la Abbey la Abroth. Apolisi aku London adadziwitsidwa ndipo adabwezedwa ku Westminster Abbey. Pa 15th ya Novembala 1996, pakati pa mwambowu pagulu, mwalawo udabwezedwa ku Scotland. Kumene akusungidwa pano Edinburgh Castle. Mpaka pomwe adzafunikirenso pamwambo wamitengo yamtsogolo ku Westminster Abbey.
Chochitika china chodabwitsa chokhudza Stone Of Scone chinachitika mu 1999. Gulu lina lamatcheni amakono litapereka Nyumba yamalamulo yatsopano yaku Scottish zomwe amati ndi mwala woyambirira.
Mwachiwonekere, chinali cholakalaka chomaliza cha Dr. John Mccain Nimmo (wodziwika bwino wokhala ndi Knights templar waku Scotland) kuti atamwalira, mwalawo uperekedwe ku Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Scottish. Mu 1999, atamwalira mayi wake wamasiye Gene adalumikizana ndi akachisi ndipo adapempha izi ku Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Scottish.
Ngati uwu udali mwala weniweni wamakhalidwe abwino, ndiye kuti Nimmo adawutenga kuti? A Knights templar akuti adapeza mwalawo kwa ophunzira anayi aku Scottish mu 1950. Amati zikope za mwalawo zidapangidwa ndi Robert Grey wamiyala wa Glasgow yemwe adakonza. Ndiye zomwe zidabwezedwa ku Westminster Abbey zidalinso zofanana ndi Gray?
Ngati sizinali zokwanira, mu 2008, nduna yoyamba ya Scotland Alex Salmond, adalankhula za mwalawo. Salmon amakhulupirira kuti amonke ku Scone Abby adapusitsa a Chingerezi poganiza kuti adaba mwala wokhala pamwala, pomwe adatenga chithunzi. Undunawu akuti miyala yamchenga yomwe kale inali ku Westminster Abbey ndipo tsopano ku Edinburgh mwina si mwala woyikiratu.
Salmon akuganiza kuti mwala woyambirirawo ukhoza kukhala chidutswa cha meteorite ndipo umatchula wolemba mbiri wina wakale yemwe amawufotokoza ngati chinthu chowoneka chonyezimira chakuda chakuda chokhala ndi zizindikiro zosema. Zachidziwikire kuti sizofanana ndi chidutswa cha mwala wa mchenga wa Persia. Zolemba za Stone of Scone zilipo, pali imodzi pa Moot Hill ku Scone Palace. Mwachitsanzo, palinso lingaliro limodzi loti choyimira ichi, ndiye Mwala woyambirira wa Scone ndipo wakhala ukubisala poyera kwa zaka zopitilira 70.
Mawu omaliza
Popanda kuyesa kwasayansi, komabe, zotsutsana ndi komwe kuli mwala wamtengo wapatali zidzapitilira. Ngakhale malingaliro a akatswiri olemba mbiri ambiri kuti choyambirira tsopano chakhazikika ku Edinburgh Castle. Koma kodi uyu ndiye Mwala wa Chimaliziro? Mwina, sitidzadziwa.
Pakadali pano, kulibe kulumikizana komwe kwatsimikiziridwa pakati pa Lia Fáil Tara yemwe mwina anali wakale wa mbiri yakale komanso chizindikiro cha ufumu wakale waku Scottish Mwala wa Scone. Koma ndani akudziwa kafukufuku wamtsogolo yemwe angapezeke pankhani yodabwitsa iyi yamiyala iwiri yopatulika.
