Ngati mungayendetse chakumpoto kuchokera ku Khartoum mumsewu wopapatiza wa m'chipululu kulowera mumzinda wakale wa Meroë, mumaona zochititsa chidwi kuchokera kutsidya lina la mapiri: mapiramidi ambiri ataliatali akubowola. Ngakhale mutayendera kangati, muli ndi chidwi chopeza.
Ku Meroë palokha, kamodzi likulu la Kingdom of Kush, mseuwo umagawanitsa mzindawu. Kum'mawa kuli manda achifumu, odzaza ndi miyala ya mchenga pafupifupi 50 ndi mapiramidi ofiyira ofiira amitundumitundu; ambiri adaswa nsonga, cholowa cha olanda ku Europe a m'zaka za zana la 19. Kumadzulo kuli mzinda wachifumu, womwe umaphatikizapo mabwinja a nyumba yachifumu, kachisi ndi malo osambira achifumu. Kapangidwe kalikonse kamakhala ndi kamangidwe kake komwe kamagwirizana ndi zokonda zakomweko, Aigupto ndi Agiriki ndi Aroma - umboni wa kulumikizana kwa Meroe padziko lonse lapansi.
Mbiri yachidule ya "Dziko la Kushi"
Okhala koyamba kumpoto kwa Sudan adayamba zaka 300,000. Ndi kwawo kwaufumu wakale kwambiri kumwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, ufumu wa Kush (pafupifupi 2500-1500 BC). Chikhalidwechi chidapanga zoumba zokongola kwambiri m'chigwa cha Nile, kuphatikiza zoumbiramo miyala ya Kerma.
Dziko la Sudan limasilira chuma chake chambiri makamaka golide, ebony ndi minyanga ya njovu. Zinthu zingapo mumsonkhanowu ku Britain Museum zimapangidwa ndi izi. Aigupto wakale adakopeka kumwera kufunafuna izi mu Old Kingdom (za 2686-2181 BC), zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa mikangano pomwe olamulira aku Egypt ndi Sudan amafuna kuyendetsa malonda.
Kush anali boma lamphamvu kwambiri m'chigwa cha Nile cha m'ma 1700 BC. Kusamvana pakati pa Egypt ndi Kush kunatsatira, mpaka pamapeto pake kugonjetsedwa kwa Kush ndi Thutmose I (1504-1492 BC). Kumadzulo ndi kumwera, zikhalidwe za Neolithic zidatsalira popeza madera onse awiriwa anali osatheka kufikira olamulira aku Egypt.
Mzinda wa Meroë ndi chithunzi chachilendo chojambulidwa cha chimphona chonyamula njovu
Mzinda wa Meroë umadziwika ndi mapiramidi oposa mazana awiri, omwe ambiri mwa iwo ndi mabwinja. Ali ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi kufanana kwa mapiramidi a Nubian.
Tsamba la Meroë lidadziwitsidwa ku Europe mu 1821 ndi French mineralogist Frédéric Cailliaud (1787-1869). Zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zidapezeka ndizithunzi ndi zojambula pamakoma azipinda zam'manda. Chimodzi mwazithunzicho chikuwonetsa chimphona chachikulu kwambiri chonyamula njovu ziwiri.
Makhalidwe ake si a Nubian koma a Caucasus ndipo tsitsi lake ndi loyera. Kodi chojambulachi chikuwonetsa kuti kuli mtundu wa zimphona zofiira ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi zakale?
Kalelo, kodi zimphona zinayendadi mozungulira chigwa cha Nile?
Mu 79 AD, wolemba mbiri wachiroma a Josephus Flavius adalemba kuti omaliza omaliza mafuko a zimphona za ku Egypt adakhalako m'zaka za zana la 13 BC, nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumu Joshua. Analembanso kuti anali ndi matupi akuluakulu, ndipo nkhope zawo zinali zosiyana ndi anthu wamba kotero zinali zodabwitsa kuziyang'ana, ndipo zinali zowopsa kumvera mawu awo okweza ngati mkango.
Kuphatikiza apo, zojambula zambiri pakhoma ku Egypt wakale zimawonetsa omwe amapanga ma Pyramid ngati "Giant People" ofika kutalika kwa 5 mpaka 6 mita. Malinga ndi akatswiri, zimphona izi zidatha kukweza matani 4 mpaka 5 a mabuloko payekhapayekha. Zina mwazojambula zakale zidawonetsedwa mafumu akuluakulu akulamulira ku Igupto wakale, pomwe ena adawonetsera antchito ang'onoang'ono pansi pa anthu amphonawo.
Mu 1988, a Gregor Spoerri, wochita bizinesi waku Switzerland komanso wokonda mbiri yakale ya Egypt wakale, adakumana ndi gulu la achifwamba akale kudzera mwa m'modzi wogulitsa ku Egypt. Msonkhanowo unachitikira mnyumba yaying'ono ku Bir Hooker, pamtunda wa makilomita zana kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Cairo, komwe Spoerri adawona chala chokulirapo chophimbidwa ndi nsanza.
Chala chinali chowuma kwambiri komanso chopepuka. Malinga ndi Spoerri, cholengedwa chodabwitsa chomwe chimayenera kukhala ndi mamita 5 (pafupifupi 16.48ft) kutalika. Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti izi ndi zoona, wofunkha m'manda wina adawonetsa chithunzi cha X-Ray chala chokulira chomwe chidatengedwa mzaka za m'ma 1960. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, werengani m'nkhaniyi tidasindikiza kale.
Mawu omaliza
Zojambula zingapo zakale zomwe zidapezeka ku Egypt zakakamiza ambiri kukhulupirira kuti Aiguputo akale anali zimphona, anali osiyana kukula. Anthu akuluakulu awa aku Egypt anali ndi Nyama Zazikulu komanso Mbalame. Anthu amtundu wathu analipo kale ku Igupto wakale nawo. Zomwezo ndi nyama zachilendo ndi mbalame, zimakhalapo ndi mbalame zazikulu ndi nyama. Kodi izi ndi zoona? Kodi zimphona nthawi inayake zinkayendadi padziko lapansi limodzi ndi anthu? Kodi ndizotheka kutengera mbiri komanso sayansi?
