Kubadwanso Kwinakwake: Mlandu wodabwitsa kwambiri wamapasa a Pollock

Mlandu wa Pollock Twins ndichinsinsi chosasinthidwa chomwe chimawombera malingaliro anu ngakhale simukukhulupirira moyo pambuyo paimfa konse. Kwa zaka zambiri, mlandu wachilendowu wakhala ukuwonedwa ndi ambiri ngati umboni wokhutiritsa kuti munthu amabadwanso akamwalira.

Mapasa a Pollock
Mapasa Ofanana, Roselle, New Jersey, 1967. © Diane Arbus Photography

Atsikana awiri atamwalira, amayi awo ndi abambo awo anali ndi mapasa, ndipo amadziwa zinthu ngati izi za alongo awo omwe anali atamwalira omwe anali achilendo modabwitsa komanso nthawi yomweyo.

Tsoka: Alongo a Pollock Aphedwa Pangozi

Anali masana a Meyi 5, 1957, Lamlungu losangalatsa kwa banja la a Pollock, omwe anali kupita kumsonkhano wokondwerera kutchalitchi cha Hexham, tawuni yakale yaku England. Makolowo, a John ndi a Florence Pollock, anali atatsalira. Sanakane mayendedwe a ana awo aakazi Joanna (wazaka 11) ndi Jacqueline (wazaka 6). Onsewa amafuna kupeza malo apadera pamwambowo.

Mapasa a Pollock
A John ndi a Florence Pollock anali ndi bizinesi yaying'ono yogulitsa zakudya komanso yoperekera mkaka ku England © npollock.id.au

Ngakhale anali ndi malingaliro, tsiku lomwelo sanapite ku misa. Kutalikirana pang'ono ndi tchalitchicho, kusasamala kunkawalepheretsa. Kufulumira kwawo sikunawalole kuti awone galimoto yomwe inali pafupi kuwoloka njira, yomwe idawathamangitsa onse awiri, pomwepo, Joanna ndi Jacqueline adaphedwa phula.

Joanna ndi Jacqueline Pollock, omwe adamwalira momvetsa chisoni pangozi yagalimoto © MRU
Joanna ndi Jacqueline Pollock, omwe adamwalira momvetsa chisoni pangozi yagalimoto © MRU

Makolowo adadutsa mchaka chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri pamoyo wawo. Powonongedwa ndi kutayika msanga kwa ana awo aakazi, adafuna kuyambiranso banja. Tsogolo limawadabwitsa. Florence anali ndi pakati. Osati m'modzi, koma awiri, anali atanyamula atsikana awiri m'mimba mwake.

Mapasa a Pollock

Pa Okutobala 4, 1958, miyezi 9 yapakati idadutsa; Tsiku lomwelo, Gillian adabadwa ndipo, mphindi zochepa pambuyo pake, Jennifer. Chisangalalocho chidayamba kudabwitsidwa pomwe makolo awo adayamba kuwayang'anira mosamala. Zinali zofanana, koma zizindikiro zakubadwa zidakhazikika pamatupi awo ang'onoang'ono. Jennifer anali ndi banga pamphumi pake. Kumalo komwe mlongo wake wamkulu yemwe samadziwa, Jacqueline, anali ndi zipsera. Zonsezi zimagwirizananso ndi chizindikiro m'chiuno.

Mapasa a Pollock
Gillian ndi Jennifer Pollock ndiomwe amati abale awo obadwanso mwatsopano omwe adamwalira pangozi yagalimoto © Flickr

Gillian, amapasa enawo, analibe chimodzi mwazizindikiro ziwiri zobadwa nazo. Zitha kuchitika, amaganiza. Kungakhale nthawi ina yomwe ali ndi pakati pomwe mabaji adapangidwa, amafuna kukhulupirira. Patatha miyezi itatu kuchokera kubadwa, banja lidaganiza zosamukira ku White Bay kufunafuna kusiya zakale zomvetsa chisoni, kuti akapeze mtendere womwe amayembekezera.

Kukumbukira Zochitika Zakale

Ali ndi zaka ziwiri, atsikana ataphunzira chilankhulo chachilendo, adayamba kufunsa zoseweretsa kwa azichemwali awo omwe adamwalira ngakhale anali asanamvepo za iwo. Bambo awo atawapatsa zidole zomwe ankasunga m'chipindacho, amapasawo anawatcha Mary ndi Susan. Mayina omwewo omwe adapatsidwa, kalekale, ndi alongo awo achikulire.

Mapasa a Pollock
Mapasawo amatha kuzindikira zoseweretsa za Joanna ndi Jacqueline ndi dzina © Flickr

Mapasawa adayamba kusiyana pamakhalidwe awo. Gillian, yemwe adatsanzira womwalirayo, adakhala mtsogoleri m'malo mwa Jennifer, yemwe adakumbukira Jacqueline ndikutsatira malangizo a mlongo wake mosakafunsa. Malangizo adasanduka mdima pomwe a Pollocks adaganiza zobwerera kumudzi kwawo.

Amapasa Atabwerera Ku Hexham

Ku Hexham, zomwe adachitazo zidachitika nthawi yomweyo. Awiriwo, mogwirizana, adapempha kuti akayendere malo osangalalira omwe amasokoneza azilongo awo ndikuwafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane ngati kuti iwowo adayendera mobwerezabwereza. Atafika kunyumbayo, adazindikira ngodya iliyonse ya nyumbayo, ngakhale oyandikana nawo. Makolo awo adanena kuti amachita ndipo amalankhula chimodzimodzi ndi ana awo aakazi awiri oyamba.

Kafukufuku wa Dr. Stevenson Pa The Pollock Twins

Pomwe sizinathenso kuyang'ana mbali ina ndikudziyesa kuti zomwe zinali kuchitika zinali zabwinobwino, mapasawo pamapeto pake adakopa chidwi cha Dr. Ian Stevenson (1918 -2007), katswiri wama psychology yemwe adaphunzira kubadwanso kwa ana. Mu 1987, adalemba buku lotchedwa "Ana Omwe Amakumbukira Moyo Wakale: Funso la Kubadwanso Kwinakwake." M'menemo, adalongosola milandu 14 yakubadwanso thupi, kuphatikiza ya atsikana a Pollock.

Dr. Ian Stevenson, mapasa a pollock
Dr. Ian Stevenson adaphunzira atsikanawa kuyambira 1964 mpaka 1985. Adanenanso kuti mapasawo amawoneka kuti adasinthiratu umunthu wa azichemwali awo akulu © Division of Perceptual Study, University of Virginia

Stevenson adanena kuti amakonda kugwira ntchito ndi ana chifukwa "achikulire obadwanso mwatsopano" amatha kutengeka ndi zinthu zakunja komanso zongopeka, zochokera m'mabuku, makanema kapena kukumbukira abale awo omwe adawalemba. Kumbali ina, anawo anangochita zokha. Palibe chomwe chimawakonzekeretsa.

Makhalidwe Osayembekezereka Koma Odabwitsa A Amapasa a Pollock Nthawi Zina Amawakhumudwitsa Makolo Awo

Pankhani yamapasa a Pollock, makolo awo sanamvetse kukula kwazomwezi. Ali ndi zaka 4 zokha, atsikanawo amawopa magalimoto omwe amayenda. Nthawi zonse anali kuchita mantha kwambiri kuwoloka msewu. “Galimotoyi ikutibwera!” - nthawi zambiri ankakuwa. Nthawi ina, kuwonjezera apo, a John ndi a Florence adamvera atsikanawo pomwe amalankhula za tsoka la Meyi 5, 1957.

“Sindikufuna kuti zindichitikirenso. Zinali zoyipa. Manja anga anali magazi okhaokha, komanso mphuno ndi mkamwa mwanga. Sindingathe kupuma, ” Jennifer adauza mchemwali wake. “Osandikumbutsa,” Adayankha Gillian. "Unkawoneka ngati chilombo ndipo china chake chofiira chinatuluka m'mutu mwako."

Chodabwitsa, Kukumbukira Kwonse Kwakuwoneka

Pamene mapasa a Pollock adakwanitsa zaka 5 - njira yomwe kubadwanso kwina kumafikira, malinga ndi chikhulupiriro china - miyoyo yawo sinali yomangirizidwa kwa alongo awo omwe adamwalira. Kukumbukira kwawo za moyo wakale zidachotsedwa kotheratu, ngati kuti anali asanafikeko. Ngakhale, Gillian ndi Jennifer adadula ulalo wawo wakale, lero pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi pambuyo pake, kunyezimira kwachinsinsi cha Pollock Twins kukufalikirabe padziko lonse lapansi.