Mkazi waku China wochokera ku Mzera wa Han yasungidwa kwazaka zopitilira 2,100 ndipo zasokoneza dziko lanzeru. Amatchedwa "Lady Dai," amadziwika kuti ndi mayi wosungidwa bwino kwambiri yemwe adapezeka.
Khungu lake ndi lofewa, manja ake ndi miyendo imatha kupindika, ziwalo zake zamkati ndizolimba, ndipo ali ndi madzi ake Mtundu-A wamagazi, tsitsi lokongola ndi nsidze.
Manda a Lady Dai - kupezeka mwangozi
Mu 1971, anthu ena ogwira ntchito yomanga anayamba kukumba pamapiri a phiri lotchedwa Mawangdui, pafupi ndi mzinda wa Changsha, Hunan, China. Anali kumanga nyumba yayikulu yoti awonongeke kuchipatala china chapafupi, pokonza phirilo.
Pambuyo pa 1971, phiri la Mawangdui silinkaonedwa ngati malo okondwererako zakale. Komabe, izi zidasintha pomwe ogwira ntchitowo adakumana ndi zomwe zimawoneka ngati manda obisika pansi panthaka ndi miyala yambiri.
Ntchito yomanga malo ogwiriramo ndegeyo adathetsedwa ndipo, miyezi ingapo ogwira ntchitowo atapezeka mwangozi, gulu la akatswiri ofukula mabwinja apadziko lonse lapansi lidayamba kufukula malowo.
Mandawo anali aakulu kwambiri kotero kuti kufukula kunatenga pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, ndipo akatswiri ofukula zakale amafunikira thandizo kuchokera kwa anthu odzipereka okwana 1,500, makamaka ophunzira aku sekondale.
Ntchito yawo yovutayi idapindula chifukwa adapeza manda akale a Li Chang, a Marquis a Dai, omwe amalamulira chigawochi pafupifupi zaka 2,200 zapitazo, muulamuliro wa mafumu achi Han.
Mandawo anali ndi zinthu zopangidwa mwapadera zoposa XNUMX, kuphatikizapo mafano agolidi ndi siliva a oimba, olira maliro, ndi nyama, zinthu zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri zanyumba, zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa mwaluso, komanso zovala zonse zopangidwa ndi silika wakale wakale.
Komabe, chofunikira kwambiri kuposa zonsezi chinali kupezeka kwa amayi a Xin Zhui, mkazi wa Li Chang ndi Marquise wa Dai. Amayiwo, omwe tsopano amadziwika kuti Lady Dai, Diva Mummy, ndi Chinese Sleeping Beauty, adapezeka atakulungidwa m'mitundu yambiri ya silika ndikusindikizidwa m'mabokosi anayi atsekeredwa wina ndi mnzake.
Bokosi lakunja linali lojambulidwa lakuda kuimira imfa ndi kupita kwa womwalirayo mumdima wapansi. Inakongoletsedwanso ndi nthenga za mbalame zosiyanasiyana chifukwa achi China akale amakhulupirira kuti mizimu ya akufa imayenera kukulitsa nthenga ndi mapiko isanathe kukhala osafa pambuyo pa moyo.
Chinsinsi cha amayi a Lady Dai
Dona wa Dai, yemwenso amadziwika kuti Xin Zhui, amakhala nthawi ya mafumu achi Han, omwe adalamulira kuyambira 206 BCE mpaka 220 AD ku China, ndipo anali mkazi wa Marquis of Dai. Atamwalira, Xin Zhui adayikidwa m'manda patali mkati mwa phiri la Mawangdui.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wamatenda, Xin Zhui anali wonenepa kwambiri, anali ndi ululu wammbuyo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, Mitsempha yotseka, matenda a chiwindi, ma gallstones, matenda ashuga, ndipo anali ndi mtima wowonongeka kwambiri womwe udamupangitsa kuti afe ndi vuto la mtima ali ndi zaka 50. Zapangitsa asayansi kukhulupirira kuti ndiye wodwala wakale kwambiri wodziwika ndi matenda amtima. Xin Zhui ankakhala moyo wawofuwofu kotero adatchedwa "Amayi A Diva."
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, akatswiri ofufuza zamabwinja apeza kuti chakudya chomaliza cha Xin Zhui chinali mavwende. M'manda ake, omwe adayikidwa pansi pamtunda wa 40 mapazi, anali ndi zovala zokhala ndi zovala za silika 100, zidutswa 182 zama lacquerware odula, zodzoladzola ndi zimbudzi. Analinso ndi mafano osema 162 osema oimira antchito m'manda ake.
Malinga ndi mbiri, thupi la Xin Zhui lidakulungidwa m'mizere 20 ya silika, idamizidwa mumadzi osadziwika bwino omwe amalepheretsa mabakiteriya kukula ndikutsekedwa m'mabokosi anayi. Chipindachi chinali ndi matani 5 amakala amakala ndi kusindikizidwa ndi dongo.
Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale anapezanso zotsalira za mercury m'bokosi lake, posonyeza kuti chitsulo chakupha chija chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opha tizilombo. Mandawo adapangidwa kuti asatenge madzi komanso kuti asalowetse mpweya kotero kuti mabakiteriya sangatukule - koma sizimadziwika kuti sayansi ndi momwe thupi lidasungidwira bwino.
Pali mafunso ambiri omwe sanayankhidwe, ndipo ngakhale Aigupto anali odziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha amayi awo, aku China anali opambana kwambiri.
Njira yakale yotetezera ku China sinali yowopsa ngati ya Aiguputo, omwe amachotsa ziwalo zawo zamkati mwa akufa kuti zisungidwe mosiyana. Pakadali pano, kusungidwa kodabwitsa kwa Xin Zhui sikudziwikabe.
Mawu omaliza
Sipangakhale kukayikira kuti Lady Dai adakhala moyo wopusa ndipo palibe amene akudziwa zambiri za moyo wake chifukwa cha "chinsinsi" mu zikhalidwe zaku China. Anamwalira akudya vwende, koma panthawiyo, samadziwa kuti imfa yake ili pafupi ndipo asayansi achidwi adzafufuza m'mimba mwake zaka 2,000 mtsogolo.
Kupatula apo, adadabwitsabe kuti thupi lochokera munthawi imeneyi lingasungidwe bwino bwanji. Masiku ano, amayi a Lady Dai ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zidapezedwa m'manda awo zimawoneka ku Museum ya Hunan Provincial.
