Gulu lankhondo la Terracotta limawoneka kuti ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zopezeka m'zaka za zana la 20, ndipo ladziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Koma kodi mukudziwa yemwe adamanga ndi kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti amalize? Apa talemba mndandanda wazinthu khumi zodabwitsa zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanayendere izi Malo a Heritage a UNESCO.
Gulu lankhondo laku Terracotta limadziwika kuti ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe latsala pang'ono kuteteza moyo Qin Shi Huang, Emperor woyamba wa China, pamene akupuma mmanda ake. Imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zopezeka m'zaka za zana la 20, ndipo ndi yotchuka padziko lonse lapansi, pokhala UNESCO World Heritage Site. Pali opitilira 8000 a Terracotta Warriors pafupi ndi manda a mbiriyakale ku China, ndipo chodabwitsa, wankhondo aliyense ali ndi nkhope yosiyana!
Manda A Qin Shi Huang - Kupeza Kwakukulu Kakale:
Gulu lankhondo laku Terracotta ndi gawo lamanda akuluakulu akale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum. Ziwerengerozi, kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachitatu BCE, zidapezeka mu 1974 ndi alimi akumaloko ku Lintong County, kunja kwa Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Zithunzithunzi pafupifupi 8,000 zakukula kwakukula zafukulidwa. Ndikupezeka kwakukulu kwamtundu wake.
Zithunzizo ndizitali masentimita 175-190. Aliyense amasiyanasiyana mmaonekedwe ndi nkhope, ena ngakhale owonetsa mitundu. Zimaulula zambiri zaukadaulo wa Qin Empire, asitikali, zaluso, chikhalidwe, komanso ankhondo.
Manda A Gulu Lankhondo la Terracotta - Chodabwitsa Chachisanu ndi Chiwiri Cha Dziko Lapansi:
Mu Seputembara 1987, Gulu Lankhondo la Terracotta lidatamandidwa ngati Chachisanu ndi chitatu Chodabwitsa Padziko Lonse ndi Purezidenti wakale wa France a Jacques Chirac.
Iye anati:
"Panali Zodabwitsa Zisanu ndi ziwiri padziko lapansi, ndipo kupezeka kwa Gulu Lankhondo la Terracotta, titha kunena, ndichachisanu ndi chitatu cha dziko lapansi. Palibe amene sanawonepo mapiramidi omwe anganene kuti anapita ku Egypt, ndipo tsopano ndinganene kuti palibe munthu amene sanawonepo anthu amenewa amene anganene kuti anapita ku China. ”
Asitikali ndi gawo limodzi chabe la ndende mkati Mausoleum a Qin Shi Huang, lomwe limakhala pafupifupi ma kilomita lalikulu 56.
Zithunzi Zithunzi Za Mausoleum A Qin Shi Huang:
Kodi Tomb Lankhondo Laku Terracotta Linapangidwa Liti?
Asitikali a Terracotta adapangidwa ndi mfumu yoyamba yaku China, Qin Shi Huang, yemwe adayamba kumanga gulu lankhondo mu 246 BC atakhala (13 wazaka XNUMX) atakhala pampando wachifumu.
Anali gulu lankhondo pambuyo pa moyo wa Emperor Qin. Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu monga mafano atha kukhala ndi moyo pambuyo pa moyo. Zaka zikwizikwi pambuyo pake, asirikaliwo adayimilira ndikuwonetsa luso lapamwamba komanso zaluso kuyambira zaka 2,200 zapitazo.
Mitundu itatu ya Terracotta:
Terracotta Army Museum makamaka imakhala ndi maenje atatu ndi holo yowonetsera: Vault One, Vault Two, Vault Three, ndi Exhibition Hall of the Bronze Chariots.
Chipinda 1:
Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri komanso lochititsa chidwi kwambiri (pafupifupi 230 x 60 m) - kukula kwa ndege yopangira ndege. Pali ziwerengero za asitikali ndi akavalo opitilira 6,000, koma ochepera 2,000 akuwonetsedwa.
Chipinda 2:
Ndicho chowonekera pazipinda (pafupifupi 96 x 84 m) ndikuwulula chinsinsi cha gulu lankhondo lakale. Ili ndi magulu ankhondo ambiri okhala ndi oponya mivi, magaleta, magulu ankhondo, ndi apakavalo.
Chipinda 3:
Ndi laling'ono kwambiri, koma lofunika kwambiri (21 x 17 m). Pali ziwerengero za ma terracotta 68 zokha, ndipo onse ndi maofesi. Imayimira positi yolamula.
Exhibition Hall of the Bronze Chariots: Ili ndi zida zakale kwambiri komanso zomveka kwambiri zamkuwa zamkuwa. Ngolo iliyonse inali ndi magawo pafupifupi 3,400 ndi makilogalamu 1,234. Panali zokongoletsera zagolide ndi zasiliva 1,720, zolemera makilogalamu 7, pachotengera chilichonse.
Magaleta ndi Mahatchi:
Chiyambireni kupezeka kwa Gulu Lankhondo la Terracotta, kupatula asitikali opitilira 8,000, magaleta 130 ndi akavalo 670 nawonso awululidwa.
Oimba a Terracotta, ma acrobats, ndi adzakazi apezekanso m'maenje aposachedwa komanso mbalame zina, monga mbalame zam'madzi, zikondamoyo, ndi abakha. Amakhulupirira kuti Emperor Qin amafunanso chimodzimodzi chithandizo chachikulu komanso chithandizo chamoyo wake pambuyo pake.
Momwe Tombala La Terracotta Linapangidwira?
Ogwira ntchito opitilira 700,000 adagwira ntchito usana ndi usiku kwa zaka pafupifupi 40 kuti amalize ziboliboli zonse zamtanda ndi manda. Ntchito yomanga gulu lankhondo la Terracotta idayamba mu 246 BC, pomwe Qin Shi Huang adatenga mpando wachifumu wa Qin State, ndipo adatha mu 206 BC, patatha zaka 4 Qin atamwalira, pomwe mafumu a Han adayamba.
Ndizosiyana:
Chodabwitsa kwambiri, komanso chochititsa chidwi chokhudza ankhondo a terracotta ndikuti mukawayang'anitsitsa, mudzadabwitsidwa ndi maluso osakhwima ndipo mudzadabwa kuona kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi nkhope yakeyake, yoimira wankhondo wapadera zenizeni.
Oyenda pansi, oponya mivi, akazembe, ndi okwera pamahatchi ndiosiyana m'mawu awo, zovala, ndi makongoletsedwe. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, ziboliboli zonse za Terracotta zidapangidwa, zofananira ndi asitikali enieni aku China wakale.
Mitsinje Ndi Nyanja Ya Mercury:
Malinga ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale, manda a Qin Shi Huang ali ndi denga lokongoletsedwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yomwe imatsanzira nyenyezi zakumwamba ndipo nthaka imayimira mitsinje ndi nyanja yaku China, ndi mercury yoyenda.
Mbiri yakale imanena kuti, a Qin Shi Huang adamwalira pa Seputembara 10, 210BC, atamwa mapiritsi angapo a mercury pokhulupirira kuti angamupatse moyo wosatha.
Ulendo Wankhondo Wa Terracotta Ku China:
Gulu lankhondo la Terracotta ndi tsamba lodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi ndipo nthawi zonse limadzaza ndi alendo ambiri, makamaka kumapeto kwa sabata komanso nthawi ya tchuthi ku China.
Chaka chilichonse, anthu opitilira 5 miliyoni amayendera malowa, ndipo panali alendo opitilira 400,000 sabata yamaholide a National Day (Okutobala 1-7).
Ankhondo a Terracotta ndi Akavalo ali ndi mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe. Ndibwino kuti muziyenda ndi kalozera wodziwa zambiri, yemwe angakugawireni zammbuyo ndikukuthandizani kuti musapewe unyinji.
Umu Ndi Momwe Mungapitire Kunkhondo Ya Terracotta Kuchokera ku Xi'an:
Kukwera basi ndiyo njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo yopita ku Terracotta Warriors. Wina akhoza kutenga Tourism Bus 5 (306) ku East Square pa Xi'an Railway station, podutsa maimidwe 10, kutsikira pa station ya Terracotta Warriors. Basi yomwe imayenda kuyambira 7:00 mpaka 19:00 tsiku lililonse ndipo nthawi ndiyoti mphindi 7.
