Mzinda Wotayika, malo akale omwe adagwa pansi ndipo adakhala mokulira kapena osakhalamo anthu, osadziwikanso padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe imakopa anthu ndi Mbiri yake yakale komanso nthano zomveka bwino. Kaya ndi El Dorado or Atlantis kapena The Lost City of Z, nthano za malo opeka ngati amenewa zakopa anthu okonda kufufuza malo akutali kwambiri pa Dziko Lapansi. Nthawi zambiri amabwerera chimanjamanja, ngati abwererako. Koma nthawi zina kufunafuna mbiri ndi nthanozi kumabweretsa kupezedwa kwenikweni ngati kuwulula mzinda wotayika pansi pamadzi wa Heracleion ku Egypt.
Mzinda wotayika wa Heracleion
Heracleion, yemwenso amadziwika ndi dzina lachi Aigupto Thonis, adasandulika kukhala mzinda wakale wakale wa Egypt womwe unali pafupi ndi kamtsinje ka Nile, pafupifupi 32km kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Alexandria panthawiyo. Mzindawu tsopano wagona m'mabwinja ake pansi pa mapazi 30 a madzi mkati Abu Qir Bay, ndipo ili pa 2.5km kuchokera kunyanja.
Mbiri yachidule ya mzinda wotayika pansi pamadzi wa Heracleion
Pafupifupi zaka 1,200 zapitazo, mzinda wa Heracleion unasowa m'madzi am'nyanja ya Mediterranean. Mzindawu unali umodzi mwamizinda yakale kwambiri ku Egypt yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mozungulira 800 BC, ngakhale maziko a Alexandria mu 331 BC. Kukhalapo kwake kwatchulidwa m'mabuku ena olembedwa ndi olemba osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza olemba mbiri achi Greek komanso akatswiri anzeru Herodotus, Strabo ndi Diodorus.
Heracleion mwachiwonekere anakulira m'masiku ofala a farao. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mzindawu umakhala doko lalikulu ku Egypt posinthana misonkho yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Mzinda wakale wa Heracleion poyamba udamangidwa pazilumba mkati mwa Mtsinje wa Nile omwe anali pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Pambuyo pake mzindawu udalumikizidwa ndi ngalande. Mzindawu unkadzitama ndi madoko angapo komanso nangula ndipo unali ndi mlongo wawo mzinda wa Naucratis mpaka idalowedwa m'malo ndi Alexandria. Naucratis inali doko lina lamalonda ku Egypt wakale lomwe linali pamtunda wamakilomita 72 kumwera chakum'mawa kwa nyanja yotseguka ndi Alexandria. Unali woyamba ndipo, chifukwa cha mbiri yakale, dziko lokhalo lokhalo ku Greece ku Egypt.
Nkhondo ya Trojan ndi mzinda wakale wa Heracleion
Herodotus analemba m'mabuku ake kuti City of Heracleion idachezedwapo kamodzi Paris (Alexander) ndi Helen wa Troy nkhondo ya Trojan isanayambike (War of Troy). Amakhulupirira kuti Paris ndi Helen adasamukira komweko pothawa a Nsanje Menelaus.
M'nthano zachi Greek, Trojan War idalimbana ndi mzinda wa Troy ndi Achaeans (Agiriki) pambuyo pa Paris, mwana wamwamuna wa King Priam ndi Mfumukazi Hecuba waku Troy, adatenga Helen, mwana wamkazi wa Zeus, kwa mwamuna wake Menelaus amene anali mfumu ya Sparta.
Kapenanso, amakhulupirira kuti Menelaus ndi Helen adakhala mumzinda wa Heracleion, wokhala ndi a Thon a ku Egypt olemekezeka ndi mkazi wake Polydamna. Malinga ndi nthano zachi Greek, Polydamna adapatsa Helen mankhwala otchedwa "Nepenthe" yomwe ili ndi "mphamvu yakubera chisoni ndi mkwiyo wa mbola zawo ndikuletsa zikumbukiro zonse zopweteka" ndipo zomwe Helen adatsikira mu vinyo omwe Telemachus ndi Menelaus anali kumwa.
Umu ndi momwe Nkhondo ya Trojan inatha
Nkhondoyo idayamba chifukwa cha mkangano pakati pa azimayi aakazi Hera, Athenandipo Aphrodite, pambuyo Eris, mulungu wamkazi wa ndewu ndi kusamvana, adawapatsa apulo wagolide, omwe nthawi zina amadziwika kuti Apple ya Discord, olembedwa kuti "abwino kwambiri". Zeus anatumiza azimayi aakazi ku Paris, kalonga wachinyamata wa ku Troy, yemwe adaweruza izi Aphrodite, monga "wabwino kwambiri", ayenera kulandira apulo. Mofananamo, Aphrodite adapanga Helen, wokongola kwambiri mwa akazi onse ndi mkazi wa Spela mfumu Menelaus. Komabe, mfumukazi ya Sparta Helen pamapeto pake amakondana ndi Paris. Chifukwa chake, Paris imagwira Helen ndikupita naye ku Troy.
Pofuna kubwezera, gulu lonse lankhondo lachi Greek lomwe linali ndi wamkulu wankhondo wankhondo wachi Greek Agamemnon, mfumu ya Mycenae ndipo mchimwene wake wa a Helen a Menelaus, akumenya nkhondo ndi Troy. Koma mpanda wamzindawu umaganiziridwa kuti ungapirire kuzingidwa kwa zaka 10. Nkhondo yowopsa idamenyedwa kwa zaka 10 zotsatira. Kutalika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komwe sikunakhaleko panthawiyo.
Kenako m'modzi mwa mafumu achi Greek Odysseus amanga kavalo, wotchuka Trojan Horse. Agiriki adadzibisa pomwe adapita kwawo kuti akapange ma Trojans (okhala ku Troy wakale) kuti akhulupirire kuti apambana nkhondoyi. Koma sanatero. Asirikali achigiriki opambana onse anali atabisidwa mkati mwa kavalo. Trojans adatenga kavaloyo mkati mwa mpanda wamzindawo ngati mphotho yopambana. Iwo sanadziwe za ngozi yomwe inali pafupi yomwe inali kupumira mkati!
Usiku, a Trojans ataledzera atakondwerera kupambana kwawo, Agiriki omwe anali atabisala mkati mwa kavalo adatuluka ndikutsegula zipata za mzindawo. Chifukwa chake, ankhondo onse achi Greek tsopano anali mkati mwa Troy ndipo adawotcha mzindawo kukhala phulusa. Pothetsa nkhondo yayikulu kwambiri yomwe idzalankhulidwe zaka masauzande zikubwerazi.
Zochitika za Trojan War zimapezeka m'mabuku ambiri achi Greek ndipo zimawonetsedwa m'mitundu yambiri yachi Greek. Magwero ofunikira kwambiri ndi ndakatulo ziwiri zodziwika bwino zomwe amadziwika kuti ndi Homer, ndi Iliad ndi Odyssey. Ngakhale pali zinthu zambiri, otchulidwa, ngwazi, ndale, chikondi, mtendere wotsutsana ndi umbombo ndi zina zambiri kuti muphunzire pa nkhondoyi, pamwambapa tangolongosola nkhani yonseyi.
Mbiri yakale ya Trojan War
Mbiri yakale ya Trojan War ikadali kutsutsana. Agiriki ambiri akale anali kuganiza kuti nkhondoyi ndi mbiri yakale, koma ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Homer illiad ndichokokomeza chochitika chenichenicho. Komabe, alipo maumboni akale zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mzinda wa Troy ulipodi.
Kodi mzinda waku Egypt Thonis unakhala bwanji Heracleion?
A Herodotus adalembanso kuti kachisi wamkulu adamangidwa pomwepo Heracles, ngwazi yaumulungu m'nthano zachi Greek, adafika koyamba ku Egypt. Nkhani yakuchezera kwa Heracles idapangitsa kuti Agiriki azitcha mzindawo dzina lachi Greek loti Heracleion m'malo mwadzina laku Egypt laku Thonis.
Kupezeka kwa mzinda wotayika wa Aigupto - Heracleion
Mzinda wakale wotayika udapezedwanso mu 2000 ndi wofukula mabwinja waku France waku France Dr. Franck Goddio ndi gulu lochokera ku European Institute of Underwater Archaeology (IEASM) pambuyo pazaka zinayi zakufufuza za geophysical.
Komabe, ngakhale panali chisangalalo chonse chifukwa chopeza kwakukulu, chinsinsi chimodzi chozungulira Thonis-Heracleion sichinasinthidwe kwenikweni: Chifukwa chiyani chinamira? Gulu la a Dr. Goddio likuwonetsa kulemera kwa nyumba zikuluzikulu zadothi lodzaza madzi m'derali komanso dothi lamchenga mwina zidapangitsa kuti mzindawu kumira chifukwa cha chivomerezi.
Zinthu zakale zopezeka mu mzinda wotayika wa Heracleion
Gulu la ofufuzawo linapeza zinthu zambiri zakale monga fano la mulungu wamphongo wa Aigupto APIs, chifanizo cha mulungu mulitali mamita 5.4 KhwereroMwala womwe umawulula kuti Thonis (Aigupto) ndi Heracleion (Greek) anali mzinda womwewo, ziboliboli zazikulu zazikulu ndi zina zambiri zochokera mumzinda wotsekedwa wa Heracleion.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za mzinda wotayika wa Heracleion, pitani: www.kitenmuchi.co
