Lub Arabian Peninsula yog lub tsev rau qee qhov kev xav zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb, tab sis nws hloov tawm tias nws cov keeb kwm nplua nuj txuas mus deb tshaj li tib neeg tsim cov qauv.
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau qhia tias cov pob zeb uas muaj hnub nyoog 8,000 xyoo pom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yuav yog lub ntiaj teb qub tshaj plaws megastructure blueprints. Cov engravings no, uas muaj hnub qub thiab kab, tej zaum yuav raug siv los sawv cev rau cov cuab yeej yos hav zoov nyob ze, ua rau lawv yog thawj daim duab kos duab hauv tib neeg keeb kwm.
Cov kev tsim kho no, hu ua suab puam kite, tau tshawb pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los li 100 xyoo dhau los thaum lub dav hlau thaij duab pib tawm nrog lub dav hlau. Kites yog qhov chaw loj ntawm thaj av uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov phab ntsa pob zeb qis, nrog cov pits ntawm sab hauv ze ntawm ntug.
Kites, uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv Middle East thiab Central Asia, yog xav tias tau ua hauj lwm raws li tsiaj enclosures los yog ntxiab. Cov neeg yos hav zoov yuav tua tsiaj, xws li gazelles, mus rau hauv lub kite hauv qhov ntev, nruj qhov chaw uas qhov kev ua si tsis tuaj yeem khiav tawm ntawm phab ntsa lossis pits, ua rau lawv yooj yim tua.
Kites tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lawv tag nrho los ntawm hauv av vim lawv qhov loj me (qhov nruab nrab ze rau thaj tsam ntawm ob qhov chaw ncaws pob). Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem, cov duab satellite siab, xws li cov uas tau muab los ntawm Google Earth, tau ua kom txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov suab puam kites nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los.
Qhov kev tshawb pom tsis ntev los no ntawm cov duab zoo li architectural etched hauv pob zeb hauv Jordan thiab Saudi Arabia tau qhia tias cov tib neeg Neolithic yuav tau tsim cov "mega-traps," raws li kev tshawb fawb tshiab luam tawm hauv phau ntawv journal. PLOS Ib ntawm May 17, 2023.
Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau siv cov lej suav los sib piv cov qauv thiab qhov loj ntawm cov kites paub txog cov qauv pob zeb-txiav kite. Lawv thawj qhov piv txwv yog ib lub pob zeb limestone carved los ntawm Jordan's Jibal al-Khashabiyeh archaeological site.
Lub pob zeb ntev li 3-foot-siab (80-centimeter) tau ua ib daim ntaub zoo heev rau cov tib neeg prehistoric, uas etched ntev, zoo li kab uas coj tsiaj mus rau hauv lub hnub qub-zoo li lub thawv nrog yim lub khob-zoo li kev nyuaj siab uas qhia txog lub qhov ntxiab.
Lub pob zeb muaj cov qauv kev kos duab sib txawv, tab sis nws tsis paub meej tias lawv tau ua los ntawm ib tus neeg lossis ntau tus neeg, raws li kev kawm thawj tus kws sau ntawv Rémy Crassard, tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm ntawm Fabkis National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS).
Tus qauv thib ob, los ntawm Saudi Arabia's Wadi az-Zilliyat, qhia txog ob lub kites carved rau hauv pob zeb sandstone loj tshaj 12 feet siab thiab tshaj 8 feet dav (kwv yees li 4 los ntawm 2 meters). Txawm hais tias tsis zoo ib yam li Jordan kite tsim, Saudi Arabia kite daim duab muaj cov kab tsav tsheb, lub hnub qub zoo li lub thawv, thiab rau lub khob cim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
Kites yog qhov nyuaj rau hnub no vim tias lawv tau ua los ntawm pebbles thiab pits, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv feem ntau tsis muaj cov khoom siv organic uas tuaj yeem sim siv cov xov tooj cua sib tham.
Pab neeg no ntseeg hais tias ob qhov chaw no hnub mus txog kwv yees li 8,000 xyoo dhau los, nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub sijhawm Neolithic hauv Arabia, raws li qhov zoo sib xws nrog cov kites nyob ib puag ncig txuas nrog sediments thiab cov organic seem.
Crassard thiab cov npoj yaig los ntawm Globalkites Project tom qab ntawd siv cov qauv duab hauv thaj chaw kom phim cov pob zeb txiav tsim rau ntau pua tus paub txog cov phiaj xwm kite.
Kev sib piv lej ntawm cov engravings nrog cov ntaub ntawv kites qhia cov qhab nia zoo sib xws: daim duab Jordanian tau pom tias zoo ib yam li kite 1.4 mais (2.3 kilometers) deb, thaum lub Saudi Arabian daim duab zoo ib yam li kite 10 mais (16.3 kilometers) deb. thiab zoo ib yam li lwm yam 0.87 mais (1.4 kilometers) deb.
"Cov duab kos yog qhov xav tsis thoob yog qhov tseeb thiab raug, thiab ntxiv rau qhov ntsuas, raws li pom los ntawm cov duab geometric-raws li kev ntsuas ntawm cov duab zoo sib xws," cov kws sau ntawv sau hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb. "Cov piv txwv ntawm cov kite sawv cev yog li qhov qub tshaj plaws paub txog kev tsim vaj tsev nyob rau hauv tib neeg keeb kwm."
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau xav tias ib pawg ntawm cov tib neeg uas npaj rau kev yos hav zoov yuav tau tshuaj xyuas thiab sib tham txog lub tswv yim ntawm cov kite uas twb tau tsim lawm, uas tuaj yeem koom nrog kev sib koom tes ntawm tus lej thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab kwv yees tus tsiaj tus cwj pwm ua ntej.
Nws kuj tseem pom tau tias daim duab no tau siv los tsim cov kite hauv thawj qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib cav hauv lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb tias tib neeg tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub cev qhov chaw raws li pom los ntawm saum toj no thiab cov duab sawv cev yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej hauv kev paub tsis meej thiab cov cim sawv cev.
Jens Notroff, Neolithic archaeologist ntawm German Archaeological lub koom haum uas tsis koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb no, hais rau Live Science hauv email tias "kev tshawb pom ntawm hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb kos duab no yog qhov txaus nyiam heev ntxiv rau peb tam sim no kev nkag siab ntawm cov no. Neolithic suab puam kites thiab lawv cov teeb pom kev zoo nyob hauv toj roob hauv pes. "
Notroff kuj tau hais tias, "qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws rau kuv tus kheej yog qhov kev paub daws teeb meem - lawv sawv cev rau qhov kev pom tsis muaj leej twg koom nrog kev tsim kho thiab siv cov suab puam kites tuaj yeem tsim tau yooj yim los ntawm lawv tus kheej kev paub pom."
Crassard thiab cov npoj yaig tab tom txuas ntxiv lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm cov suab puam suab puam los ntawm Globalkites Project. Txawm hais tias "cov duab kos no yog cov pov thawj qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov phiaj xwm," Crassard tau hais tias, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias tib neeg tsim cov duab kos zoo sib xws hauv cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua, xws li los ntawm kos rau hauv av.
Txoj kev tshawb no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal PLOS Ib nyob rau Tej zaum 17, 2023.
