Senenmut lub qhov ntxa yog qhov chaw keeb kwm zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws uas tau txais kev saib xyuas ntawm archaeologists thiab astronomers ib yam nkaus. Lub qhov ntxa (Theban tomb no. 353) yog nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm txoj kev mus rau Hatshepsut lub tuam tsev ntawm Deir el-Bahri hauv Thebes, thiab nws tau tsim tsa thaum huab tais Hatshepsut, uas kav tebchaws Iziv los ntawm 1478 txog 1458 BC. Senenmut yog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws thaum Hatshepsut kav, thiab nws kuj tau hais tias nws yog ib tug kws tshawb fawb. Lub qhov ntxa paub txog nws cov qab nthab thiab phab ntsa zoo nkauj, uas piav qhia txog ntau yam xwm txheej ntawm Senenmut lub neej thiab kev ua tiav, suav nrog ib qho ntawm cov hnub qub tshaj plaws paub cov duab qhia chaw.
Daim ntawv qhia hnub qub yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Senenmut lub qhov ntxa, thiab nws tau ua ntau yam kev sib cav thiab kev txhais lus. Daim duab qhia kev ntseeg tau tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws uas muaj sia nyob ntawm Egyptian hmo ntuj, thiab nws muab kev nkag siab zoo rau lub hnub qub thiab cosmology ntawm Egypt thaum ub. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog keeb kwm keeb kwm ntawm astronomy hauv Egypt thaum ub, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia, thiab keeb kwm ntawm ancient Egyptian astronomy.
Keeb kwm ntsiab lus ntawm astronomy hauv Ancient Egypt
Astronomy tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub, thiab nws tau txuas nrog kev ntseeg thiab mythology. Cov neeg Iyiv ntseeg hais tias cov vajtswv tswj kev txav ntawm lub hnub qub thiab cov ntiaj chaw, thiab lawv siv cov kev soj ntsuam astronomical los txiav txim siab lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev cog qoob loo thiab sau qoob loo, nrog rau kev ua kev cai dab qhuas. Cov neeg Iyiv kuj tau txawj tsim daim ntawv qhia hnub, uas yog raws li kev soj ntsuam astronomical.
Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm paub txog hnub qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Iyiv hnub rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm qub Kingdom, nyob ib ncig ntawm 2500 BC. Cov neeg Iyiv siv cov cuab yeej yooj yim, xws li gnomon thiab merkhet, ua rau kev soj ntsuam lub hnub thiab hnub qub. Lawv kuj tau tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm hieroglyphs los sawv cev rau cov hnub qub thiab cov hnub qub, uas tau teem rau hauv pawg raws li lawv txoj haujlwm saum ntuj.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia
Senenmut daim ntawv qhia hnub qub yog ib qho khoom plig tshwj xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig uas muab kev nkag siab rau hauv astronomy thiab cosmology ntawm Egypt thaum ub. Daim ntawv qhia qhia txog lub ntuj hmo ntuj raws li pom los ntawm Thebes, thiab nws qhia tau hais tias 36 decans, uas yog pab pawg ntawm cov hnub qub uas sawv thiab teem nrog lub hnub nyob rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm 10 hnub. Cov decans tau siv los ntawm cov neeg Iyiv los cim lub sijhawm dhau los, thiab lawv kuj tau txuam nrog ntau tus vajtswv thiab cov duab mythological.
Daim ntawv qhia hnub qub yog pleev xim rau ntawm lub qab nthab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov chav hauv Senenmut lub qhov ntxa, thiab nws yog qhov qub tshaj plaws uas paub txog ntawm lub ntuj hmo ntuj. Daim ntawv qhia muab faib ua ob ntu, nrog rau lub ntuj qaum teb ntawm ib sab thiab lub ntuj sab qab teb nyob rau lwm qhov. Cov hnub qub yog sawv cev los ntawm cov dots me me, thiab cov hnub qub tau piav qhia tias yog tsiaj txhu thiab mythical creatures.
Sab qab teb ntawm lub qab nthab depicts decanal hnub qub (me me constellation). Kuj tseem muaj cov hnub qub xws li Orion thiab Canis Major. Nyob rau saum ntuj, cov ntiaj chaw Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, thiab Venus muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lawv, caij nkoj me me hla saum ntuj. Sab qab teb txhais tau tias cov teev hmo ntuj.
Sab qaum teb (hauv qab) qhia Ursa Major lub hnub qub; lwm lub hnub qub tseem tsis tau paub. Nyob rau sab xis thiab sab laug ntawm nws, muaj 8 los yog 4 lub voj voog, thiab hauv qab no yog ob peb deities, txhua tus nqa lub hnub disk mus rau qhov chaw ntawm daim duab.
Cov ntawv sau uas cuam tshuam nrog lub voj voog kos cim thawj zaug kev ua koob tsheej txhua hli nyob rau hauv lunar calendar, whereas deities cim thawj hnub ntawm lub hli lunar. Dhau li ntawm lub qab nthab astronomical nyob rau hauv nws lub qhov ntxa ntawm Qurna, excavations kuj tau nthuav tawm 150 ostraca, nrog rau cov duab kos, ntau cov npe, ntawv ceeb toom, thiab kev suav.
Association ntawm Egyptian constellations
Cov neeg Iyiv muaj lawv tus kheej lub hnub qub ntawm cov hnub qub, uas yog raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm cov hnub qub saum ntuj. Cov hnub qub tau teem rau hauv pawg, uas tau txuam nrog ntau tus vajtswv thiab mythological cov duab raws li tau hais dhau los. Qee lub tebchaws Iyiv nto moo tshaj plaws suav nrog Orion, uas tau cuam tshuam nrog vajtswv Osiris, thiab Big Dipper, uas tau hu ua "ploj" thiab tau cuam tshuam nrog lub caij sau qoob.
Cov neeg Iyiv kuj muaj lawv lub zodiac, uas yog raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm cov hnub qub thaum lub sijhawm xyoo thaum tus dej Nile dej nyab. Lub zodiac muaj 12 lub cim, txhua tus tau txuam nrog lwm tus tsiaj, xws li tsov ntxhuav, scorpion, thiab hippopotamus.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm astronomy hauv Ancient Egyptian haiv neeg
Astronomy tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub, thiab nws tau txuas nrog kev ntseeg, mythology, thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Cov neeg Iyiv siv cov kev soj ntsuam astronomical los tsim daim ntawv qhia hnub, uas tau siv los txiav txim lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev cog qoob loo thiab sau qoob loo. Lawv kuj siv astronomy los cim lub sijhawm dhau los thiab ua kev cai dab qhuas.
Astronomy kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Egyptian kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab. Cov neeg Iyiv tau piav qhia cov hnub qub thiab cov hnub qub hauv lawv cov duab kos duab, thiab lawv siv cov duab kos duab kos duab hauv lawv cov architecture thiab tsim. Astronomy kuj yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau cov dab neeg thiab cov dab neeg, uas tau dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam.
Kev sib piv nrog rau lwm daim ntawv qhia hnub qub qub
Senenmut daim ntawv qhia hnub qub tsis yog ib qho piv txwv tseem muaj sia nyob ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub qub qub. Lwm cov piv txwv suav nrog lub hnub qub Babylonian maps, uas hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo txhiab xyoo BC, Greek lub hnub qub maps, uas hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua tsib BC, Daim ntawv qhia hnub qub Sumerian, uas hnub rov qab mus rau tsib txhiab xyoo BC, thiab cov palaeolithic hnub qub maps, uas muaj hnub nyoog li 40,000 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, Senenmut daim ntawv qhia hnub qub yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv nws qhov kev piav qhia ntawm Egyptian constellations thiab nws kev sib txuas rau Egyptian mythology.
Kev txhais lus thiab kev sib cav nyob ib puag ncig Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia
Kev txhais lus ntawm Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia tau muaj kev sib cav ntau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Qee qhov sib cav tias daim ntawv qhia tau siv los ua ib qho cuab yeej siv rau kev soj ntsuam astronomical, thaum lwm tus ntseeg tias nws yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub cosmos. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau hais tias daim ntawv qhia no tau siv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm hnub qub, raws li cov neeg Iyiv ntseeg tias cov hnub qub muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg txoj haujlwm.
Lwm thaj chaw ntawm kev sib cav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov decans uas tau piav qhia hauv daim ntawv qhia. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov decans tau siv los ua cov cuab yeej siv tau rau lub sijhawm, thaum lwm tus sib cav tias cov decans muaj lub ntsiab lus tob dua thiab tau txuam nrog ntau tus vajtswv thiab cov duab dab neeg.
Leej twg yog Senenmut?
Senenmut yog ib tug pej xeem uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog tsev neeg Iyiv huab tais. Lub qab nthab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub qhov ntxa (TT 353) ua rau peb xav tsis thoob tias Senenmut yog tus neeg zoo li cas. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua tus kws pab tswv yim huab tais, feem ntau cov kws sau keeb kwm ntseeg tias Senenmut kuj yog ib tus kws qhia hnub qub. Tab sis nws muaj kev sib raug zoo li cas nrog poj huab tais Hatshepsut?
Senenmut yug los rau cov neeg txawj nyeem ntawv, cov niam txiv hauv lub xeev, Ramose thiab Hatnofer. Amazingly, nws khwv tau yuav luag ib puas lub luag hauj lwm, xws li "Tus Saib Xyuas ntawm Vajtswv tus poj niam", "Great Treasurer of the Queen" thiab "Chief Steward of the King's daughter." Senenmut yog tus kws pab tswv yim zoo thiab tus khub ncaj ncees rau poj huab tais Hatshepsut. Nws kuj yog tus kws qhia ntawv rau Hatshepsut thiab Thutmosis II tib tus menyuam, ib tug ntxhais, Neferu-Re. Hauv ntau dua 20 tus mlom, nws tau pom puag Neferu-Re thaum nws tseem yog menyuam yaus.
Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb Iyiv thaum ntxov tau xaus lus tias Hatshepsut tus thawj coj pej xeem siab tshaj plaws, tus neeg ntseeg siab, Senenmut, yuav tsum yog nws tus hlub thiab. Qee cov keeb kwm kuj qhia tias nws yuav yog leej txiv ntawm Neferu-Re. Txawm li cas los xij tsis muaj pov thawj ruaj khov tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm Hatshepsut thiab Senenmut yog kev sib deev, uas ua rau lwm tus neeg sau keeb kwm tawm tswv yim tias Senenmut tau txais lub hwj chim thiab kev cuam tshuam vim nws yog tus txwj laus xeev ntawm Hatshepsut lub tsev hais plaub.
Keeb kwm ntawm Senenmut lub ntxa yog qhov tsis meej. Txog thaum 16 xyoo ntawm Hatshepsut lossis Thutmosis III txoj kev kav, Senenmut tseem tuav nws lub luag haujlwm; ces, muaj ib yam dab tsi tshwm sim. Nws cov lem tau ploj mus, thiab nws lub qhov ntxa uas tsis tiav (TT 353) raug kaw thiab ib nrab puas lawm. Nws qhov chaw faus tiag tiag tsis paub.
Lub keeb kwm ntawm Ancient Egyptian astronomy
Cov keeb kwm ntawm ancient Egyptian astronomy tseem tuaj yeem pom niaj hnub no hauv peb niaj hnub kev nkag siab ntawm cosmos. Cov neeg Iyiv yog cov kws saib xyuas lub ntuj hmo ntuj, thiab lawv tau ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau peb txoj kev nkag siab txog kev txav ntawm cov hnub qub thiab cov ntiaj chaw. Lawv kuj tau tsim cov ntawv qhia hnub qub thiab siv cov kev soj ntsuam astronomical los cim lub sijhawm.
Cov neeg Iyiv kuj yog cov pioneer hauv kev txhim kho lej thiab geometry, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv cov kev soj ntsuam astronomical. Lawv tau siv lawv txoj kev paub txog lej thiab geometry los tsim cov cuab yeej ntse rau kev ntsuas lub kaum sab xis thiab qhov deb, uas tau siv rau kev soj ntsuam astronomical.
Kev siv niaj hnub ntawm Ancient Egyptian astronomy
Txoj kev kawm ntawm ancient Egyptian astronomy muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv niaj hnub astronomy thiab cosmology. Cov neeg Iyiv cov txuj ci kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub ntuj hmo ntuj muab kev pom zoo rau cov lus tsa suab ntawm cov hnub qub thiab cov ntiaj chaw. Lawv daim ntawv qhia hnub nyoog thiab cov txheej txheem tswj lub sijhawm kuj tau siv los ua lub hauv paus rau daim ntawv qhia hnub niaj hnub.
Txoj kev kawm ntawm ancient Egyptian astronomy kuj tseem muaj kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm tseem ceeb. Cov neeg Iyiv yog cov pioneers hauv kev txhim kho astronomy thiab lej, thiab lawv cov kev ua tiav txuas ntxiv txhawb nqa thiab nyiam cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov pej xeem sawv daws.
Xaus: Vim li cas lub hnub qub paub ntxov tshaj plaws yog qhov tseem ceeb
Hauv kev xaus, Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia yog ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig artifact uas muab kev nkag siab zoo rau hauv astronomy thiab cosmology ntawm Egypt thaum ub. Daim ntawv qhia yog qhov qub tshaj plaws uas paub txog lub ntuj tsaus ntuj, thiab nws qhia txog Egyptian constellations thiab decans, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub sij hawm thiab kev ntseeg.
Txoj kev kawm ntawm ancient Egyptian astronomy muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv niaj hnub astronomy thiab cosmology, thiab nws tseem muaj kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm tseem ceeb. Cov neeg Iyiv yog cov pioneers hauv kev txhim kho astronomy thiab lej, thiab lawv cov kev ua tiav txuas ntxiv txhawb nqa thiab nyiam cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov pej xeem sawv daws.
Yog tias koj xav kawm ntxiv txog keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Egyptian astronomy thiab Senenmut lub hnub qub daim ntawv qhia, muaj ntau yam kev pabcuam muaj nyob online thiab luam tawm. Los ntawm kev kawm txog kev ua tiav ntawm kev vam meej thaum ub zoo li tim lyiv teb chaws, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua ntawm peb qhov chaw hauv cosmos thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam nplua nuj ntawm tib neeg.
