Txhua txhua lub sijhawm, cov khoom nthuav tuaj hla kuv lub rooj dhau ntawm peb qhov kev nkag siab. Lub pob zeb tsis paub Newton yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom qub no. Qhov no ancient monolith muaj ib tug carved lus sau nyob rau hauv ib tug mysterious lus uas tseem tsis tau raug daws, thiab kev sau ntawv yuav nyeem tau siv tsawg kawg yog tsib cov tsiaj ntawv qub qub.
Uncovering the Newton Stone
Xyoo 1804 Earl of Aberdeen, George Hamilton-Gordon, tab tom tsim ib txoj kev ze Pitmachie Farm hauv Aberdeenshire. Lub megalith mysterious tau pom nyob rau ntawd, thiab Scottish archaeologist Alexander Gordon tom qab ntawd tsiv mus rau lub vaj ntawm Newton House nyob rau hauv lub Parish ntawm Culsalmond, nyob ib ncig ntawm ib mais sab qaum teb ntawm Pitmachie Farm. Lub Pob Zeb Newton tau piav qhia raws li hauv qab no los ntawm Aberdeenshire Council of Newton House:
Tsis paub tsab ntawv
Cov lus Irish thaum ntxov tau sau nrog cov tsiaj ntawv Ogham ntawm 1st thiab 9th centuries. Cov kab luv luv ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm Newton Pob Zeb yog kis thoob plaws peb sab saum toj ntawm lub pob zeb. Nws muaj rau kab nrog 48 cim thiab cov cim, suav nrog swastika. Cov kws tshawb fawb yeej tsis paub tias hom lus twg los sau cov lus no, yog li nws hu ua tsab ntawv tsis paub.
Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau pom zoo tias ntev Ogham cov ntawv sau yog los ntawm ntev dhau los. Piv txwv li, cov ntawv sau tsis paub tau xav tias yog los ntawm lub xyoo pua 9th los ntawm Scottish keeb kwm William Forbes Skene. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm tau lees paub tias kab luv luv tau ntxiv rau lub pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub lig kaum yim los yog thaum ntxov xyoo pua 19th, implying hais tias tus mysterious tsis paub tsab ntawv yog ib tug tsis ntev los no dag dag los yog ib tug tsis zoo ua yuam kev.
Deciphering Pob Zeb
John Pinkerton thawj zaug tau sau txog qhov tsis paub engravings ntawm Newton Stone hauv nws phau ntawv 1814 Kev Tshawb Fawb rau Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Scotland, tab sis nws tsis tau sim ua kom paub tias "tsis paub tsab ntawv" hais li cas.
Xyoo 1822, John Stuart, tus xibfwb ntawm Greek ntawm Marischal College, tau sau ib daim ntawv hu ua Sculpture Pillars nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Scotland rau Edinburgh Society of Antiquaries. Hauv nws, nws tham txog kev sim txhais lus los ntawm Charles Vallancey, uas xav tias cov cim yog Latin.
Dr. William Hodge Mill (1792–1853) yog ib tug ntseeg lus Askiv thiab cov neeg sab hnub tuaj, thawj lub taub hau ntawm Bishop's College, Calcutta, thiab tom qab ntawd Regius Xib Fwb ntawm Hebrew ntawm Cambridge. Xyoo 1856, Stuart tau tshaj tawm Sculptured Stones of Scotland, uas piav txog Mill txoj haujlwm.
Dr. Mills hais tias tsab ntawv tsis paub yog Phoenician. Vim nws paub zoo heev nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm ancient sij hawm, tib neeg coj nws lub tswv yim tiag tiag. Lawv tau tham txog nws ntau heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm British Association hauv Cambridge, England, xyoo 1862.
Txawm tias Dr. Mill tuag nyob rau hauv 1853, nws daim ntawv Nyob rau Decipherment of the Phoenician Inscribed on the Newton Stone was found in Aberdeenshire, and his transformation of the unknown script was reading during this debate. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb pom zoo nrog Mill tias tsab ntawv tau sau hauv Phoenicians. Piv txwv li, Dr. Nathan Davis nrhiav pom Carthage, thiab Prof Aufrecht xav tias tsab ntawv no tau sau ua Phoenician.
Tab sis Mr. Thomas Wright, ib tug neeg tsis ntseeg, tau hais kom muaj kev txhais lus yooj yim dua hauv Latin: Hie iacet Constantinus Ntawm no yog qhov chaw uas tus tub raug faus. Mr. Vaux ntawm British Tsev khaws puav pheej tau pom zoo nws li medieval Latin. Palaeographer Constantine Simonides kuj pom zoo nrog Wright txoj kev txhais lus, tab sis nws hloov Latin rau Greek.
Peb xyoos tom qab qhov kev puas tsuaj no, nyob rau xyoo 1865, tus neeg qub txeeg qub teg Alexander Thomson tau hais lus rau Society of Antiquaries of Scotland uas nws tau tham txog tsib txoj kev xav nrov tshaj plaws txog kev txiav txim siab code:
- Phoenician (Nathan Davis, Theodor Aufrecht, thiab William Mills);
- Latin (Thomas Wright thiab William Vaux);
- Gnostic symbolism (John O. Westwood)
- Greek (Constantine Simonides)
- Gaelic (tus neeg sau xov xwm Thomson uas tsis xav kom muaj npe);
Fringe theories muaj ntau!
Thaum cov kws tshaj lij pab pawg no tau sib cav txog qhov kev sau npe ntawm Newton Stone txhais tau li cas thiab qhov twg ntawm tsib hom lus tau siv los sau cov lus zais, ib pab pawg sib txawv ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txawv txawv tau tuaj nrog cov tswv yim tshiab. Piv txwv li, Mr. George Moore tau hais kom txhais nws ua Hebrew-Bactrian, thaum lwm tus muab nws piv rau Sinaitic, ib hom lus qub neeg Canaanite.
Lieutenant Colonel Laurence Austine Waddell tau siv los ua ib tus neeg tshawb nrhiav Askiv, tus xibfwb ntawm Tibetan, chemistry, thiab pathology, thiab tus kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm yav dhau los tshawb fawb Sumerian thiab Sanskrit. Xyoo 1924, Waddell tau luam tawm nws cov tswv yim txog Tawm ntawm Is Nrias teb, uas suav nrog txoj hauv kev tshiab tshaj plaws los nyeem cov lus hu ua Hitto-Phoenician.
Waddell cov ntawv tsis sib haum xeeb txog keeb kwm ntawm kev vam meej tau nrov heev nrog cov pej xeem. Niaj hnub no, qee cov neeg xav tias nws yog qhov kev tshoov siab hauv lub neej tiag tiag rau tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los Indiana Jones, tab sis nws txoj haujlwm tau txais nws me ntsis kev hwm raws li Assyriologist loj.
xaus
Niaj hnub no, ntau txoj kev xav sim los xyuas seb cov lus tsis meej ntawm Newton Stone txhais li cas. Qee qhov kev xav no yog debased Latin, medieval Latin, Greek, Gaelic, Gnostic symbolism, Hebrew-Bactrian, Hitto-Phoenician, Sinaitic, thiab Old Irish. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tswv yim no tseem tsis tau muaj pov thawj tias yog qhov tseeb. Lub asthiv no, koj yuav tsum muab Newton Stone ib teev txij li nws yuav tsis yog thawj zaug uas tus neeg sab nrauv pom tus yuam sij rau qhov teeb meem qub.
