Cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws Poland tau hlau kuaj pom cov dej ntws los ntawm peat bog raws li kev xav thaum lawv pom ib qho chaw fij qub txeeg qub teg tuav cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm Bronze Age thiab cov khoom siv tooj liab thaum ntxov.
Qhov "kev tshawb pom zoo kawg nkaus" tau pom los ntawm Kuyavian-Pomeranian Group of History Seekers siv cov cuab yeej siv hlau hauv cov dej ntws los ntawm peat bog tig mus rau hauv thaj av hauv thaj tsam Chemno hauv Poland. Lub vev xaib meej ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom, txawm li cas los xij, tau khaws cia tsis pub leej twg paub vim li cas kev nyab xeeb.
Kev khawb raug tsim los ntawm WUOZ hauv Toru thiab ib pab neeg los ntawm Nicolaus Copernicus University lub koom haum Archaeology hauv Toru, nrog kev pab los ntawm Wdecki Landscape Park.
Unearthing lub peat bog treasures
Millennia ua ntej thawj cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm Poland Chełmno koog tsev kawm ntawv hauv 1065 AD, Lusatian kab lis kev cai tau tshwm sim thiab nthuav dav hauv cheeb tsam, cim los ntawm kev nce hauv cov pej xeem ceev thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom peb tus neeg tso rau ntawm qhov chaw khawb av tsis ntev los no, uas lawv piav qhia tias yog "cov khoom muaj nqis zoo nkauj" ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab uas muaj hnub nyoog dhau 2,500 xyoo rau Lusatian kab lis kev cai. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm Archaeo Xov Xwm, pab pawg tau rov qab tau cov tooj liab "caj dab, saws tes, greaves, horse harnesses, thiab pins nrog kauv taub hau."
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias nws yog "tsis tshua muaj" los nrhiav cov khoom siv organic ntawm cov chaw khawb, tab sis lawv kuj nrhiav tau "cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj organic," suav nrog cov khoom tawg thiab cov hlua. Raws li kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab cov khoom siv organic, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau tshawb pom cov pob txha ntawm tib neeg.
Cov no coj mus rau qhov xaus tias qhov kev sau ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab tau muab tso rau hauv Lusatian kab lis kev cai "kev txi kev cai dab qhuas," uas tau ua thaum lub sijhawm Bronze Age thiab Iron Age (12th - 4th caug xyoo BC).
Cov kab lis kev cai Lusatian tau vam meej nyob rau tom qab Bronze Age thiab Iron Age nyob rau niaj hnub no Poland, Czech koom pheej, Slovakia, sab hnub tuaj lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab sab hnub poob Ukraine. Cov kab lis kev cai tau nthuav dav tshwj xeeb hauv Oder River thiab Vistula River phiab, thiab nws txuas mus rau sab hnub tuaj mus rau Buh River.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias qee yam ntawm cov khoom tooj liab "tsis yog haiv neeg hauv cheeb tsam," thiab nws xav tias lawv tuaj ntawm Scythian kev vam meej nyob rau niaj hnub Ukraine.
Cov kws tshawb fawb archaeologists tau sim ua kom rov tsim kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw txi no, thiab siv nws li cas. Nws yog xav tias nyob ib ncig ntawm lub sijhawm uas kev txi tau ua, nomads pib tshwm sim los ntawm Pontic Steppe nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab sab hnub tuaj Europe. Nws yog qhov ua tau rau cov neeg Lusatian tau ua lawv cov kab ke fij tseg hauv kev sim ua kom cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig qeeb, uas tau coj nrog lawv cov kev hloov pauv sai.
Soldering Society rau cov vajtswv
Rau ib daim duab tiav ntau dua li cas cov neeg Lusatian cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov vajtswv, xav txog xyoo 2009 kev tshawb pom ntawm Lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze necropolis hauv Warsaw, Poland. Excavators nrhiav tau kaum ob lub faus urns tuav cov tshauv ntawm tsawg kawg yim tus neeg tuag nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov ntxa loj faus hnub tim 1100-900 BC.
Siv metallographic, tshuaj, thiab petrographic ntsuam xyuas ntawm funerary artifacts, cov kws txawj pom tau hais tias cov tib neeg tau muab tso rau hauv lub urns siv tooj liab metalworking cov cuab yeej.
Cov qhov ntxa no qhia tsis tau tsuas yog lub sijhawm kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis kuj yog cov txheej txheem kev koom tes thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hlau thaum ub Lusatian.
Nrog rau kev tshawb pom ntawm qhov chaw fij tshiab no nplua nuj nrog cov khoom siv hlau txi rau hauv lub pob zeb qhuav, cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm kev ntseeg kev coj noj coj ua, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab lis kev cai qub Bronze Age yuav sai sai no. Pab neeg no xav tias txoj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav ua rau muaj kev paub ntau ntxiv ntawm archaeometallurgical thiab cim keeb kwm yav dhau rau cov neeg Lusatian thaum ub uas yav tas los nyob hauv Poland Chemno cheeb tsam.
