Aia ke kūlanakauhale pohihihi o Nan Madol ma waenakonu o ka Moana Pākīpika, ma mua o 1,000 km mai ke kahakai kokoke loa. He kūlanakauhale nui ia i kūkulu ʻia ma waenakonu o kahi ʻole, kahi i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo “Venice o ka Pākīpika.”
Ke kūlanakauhale mokupuni enigmatic o Nan Madol
He ʻāina kūʻokoʻa ʻo Micronesia o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, nona nā ʻāpana Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, a me Kosrae ma ke komohana o ka Moana Pākīpika. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻehā o Maikonekia i nā mokupuni he 707. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Nan Madol me 92 mau mokupuni i loko.
ʻO ke kūlanakauhale mokupuni, i hana ʻia me ka pōhaku basalt nunui, i noho ʻia ma kahi o 1,000 mau kānaka. I kēia manawa ua haʻalele loa ʻia ia. Akā no ke aha i kūkulu ai kekahi i kekahi kūlanakauhale mokupuni ma waenakonu o ka Moana Pākīpika? E ʻōlelo, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i wehewehe ʻole ʻia o kēia kūlanakauhale pohihihi e hoʻohenehene ai ka poʻe noiʻi.
Ke kumu pohihihi o Nan Madol
Hoʻomaka ka piʻi ʻana o nā paia o Nan Madol mai lalo o ke kai a ʻo kekahi o nā palaka i hoʻohana ʻia he 40 mau tona! ʻAʻole hiki ke kūkulu i nā paia mai lalo o ke kai i kēlā manawa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o Nan Madol ma mua o ke kai i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai. Akā e like me ka poʻe kālaihonua, ʻaʻole i piholo ka mokupuni kahi i kū ai ʻo Nan Madol ma muli o nā hanana e like me bradyseism, e like me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe i lalo o ka ʻilikai i kēia manawa, e laʻa me Siponto kahiko ma Italia.
Akā pehea lā i uhi ai ke kai iā Nan Madol? ʻIke nō, inā ʻaʻole i pohō ka mokupuni, ʻo ia ke kai i piʻi aʻe. Akā ʻaʻole ʻo Nan Madol ma kahi kokoke i kahi kai liʻiliʻi, e like me ke Kaiwaenahonua. Aia ʻo Nan Madol ma waenakonu o ka Moana Pākīpika. E hoʻāla i kahi pilikua e like me ka Moana Pākīpika, a he mau mika paha, e koi ana i ka nui o ka wai. No hea mai kēia wai a pau?
ʻO ka manawa hope loa i piʻi nui aʻe ka Moana Pākīpika (ma kahi o 100 mau mika) ma hope o ka Deglaciation Hope ma kahi o 14,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ke hoʻoheheʻe ka hau i ka hapa nui o ka Honua. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau i ka nui e like me nā ʻāina āpau i hāʻawi i ka moana i ka nui o ka wai e pono ai lākou e piʻi aʻe. I kēlā manawa, no laila, maʻalahi wale ʻo Nan Madol e lulu ʻia e ka Moana. Akā e ʻōlelo e like kēia me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua ʻoi aku ʻo Nan Madol ma mua o 14,000 mau makahiki.
No nā mea noiʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kēia, ʻo ia ke kumu i heluhelu ai ʻoe ma Wikipedia ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Nan Madol i ke kenekulia 2nd AD e nā Saudeleurs. Akā ʻo ia wale nō ka lā o nā koena kanaka kahiko loa i loaʻa ma ka mokupuni, ʻaʻole o kona kūkulu maoli ʻana.
A pehea i hoʻokele ai ka poʻe kūkulu hale i lawe aku i nā tona tona he 100,000 a ʻoi paha o ka pōhaku lua pele e kūkulu i nā mokupuni he 92 a ʻoi paha e kū nei ʻo Nan Madol? ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kūkulu ʻia ʻo Nan Madol ma ka ʻāina, akā i ke kai, e like me Venice.
ʻO kekahi ʻāpana enigmatic o ke kūlanakauhale kahiko ʻo ia ka pōhaku i hana ʻia ʻo Nan Madol ʻo 'pōhaku magnet'. Inā lawe kekahi i kahi panana kokoke i ka pōhaku, hele a pupule. Pili ka magnetism o ka pōhaku i nā hana halihali i hoʻohana ʻia no Nan Madol?
Ka kaʻao o ka māgoi māhoe
ʻO nā mokupuni ʻo 92 o ke kūlanakauhale Nan Madol, ko lākou nui a me ko lākou ʻano like like. Wahi a ka moʻolelo Pohnpeian, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Nan Madol e nā kilokilo māhoe mai ka moʻolelo kahiko o Katau Komohana, a i ʻole ʻo Kanamwayso. ʻAʻole mahi ʻia kēia moku koʻa. ʻO nā kaikaina māhoe, ʻo Olisihpa lāua ʻo Olosohpa, i hele mua mai i ka mokupuni e mahi ʻai. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomana iā Nahnisohn Sahpw, ke akua wahine o ka mahiʻai ma aneʻi.
ʻO kēia mau kaikaina ʻelua e hōʻike ana i ke aupuni o Saudeleur. Ua hōʻea lākou i kēia mokupuni mehameha i mea e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou aupuni. ʻO ia ka manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ke kūlanakauhale. A i ʻole lawe mai lākou i kēia pōhaku basalt ma ke kua o kahi deragona lele nunui.
I ka hala ʻana o Olisihpa i ka wā ʻelemakule, ua lilo ʻo Olosohpa i Saudeleur mua. Ua male ʻo Olosohpa i kahi wahine kūloko a ua hanauna he ʻumikūmālua hanauna, e hana ana he ʻumikūmāono mau aliʻi Saudeleur o ka ʻohana Dipwilap ("Nui").
Ua noho ʻoluʻolu nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka ʻohana aliʻi, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ko lākou mau hope i ko lākou mau makaʻāinana. A hiki i ka makahiki 1628, aia ka mokupuni i ka emepera o ia aupuni. Ua pau ko lakou noho alii ana me ka hoouka kaua ana o Isokelekel, ka mea i noho ma Nan Madol. Akā, no ka nele i ka ʻai a me ka mamao mai ka ʻāina nui, ua haʻalele mālie ʻia ke kūlanakauhale mokupuni e nā hope o Isokelekel.
Aia nā ʻōuli o ka Emepela o Saudeleur ma kēia kūlanakauhale mokupuni. Ua loaʻa nā loea i nā wahi e like me nā lumi kuke, nā hale e hoʻopuni ʻia e ka pōhaku basalt a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi i ke aupuni o Soudelio. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā mea huna pohihihi i hiki ʻole i kēia lā.
Ua hala nā kumumanaʻo honua ma hope o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Nan Madol
Ua unuhi ʻia ʻo Nan Madol e kekahi e like me ke koena o kekahi o nā "ʻāina lilo" o Lemuria lāua ʻo Mu. ʻO Nan Madol kekahi o nā pūnaewele i hōʻike ʻia e James Churchward ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ʻāina lilo o Mu, e hoʻomaka ana ma kāna puke 1926 ʻO ka Continent Lost o Mu, Motherland o Man.
ʻO ka puke 1999 ʻO ka Superstorm Global e hiki mai ana na ʻO Art Bell lāua ʻo Whitley Strieber, ka mea e wānana nei i ka hoʻomehana honua ʻana e hana paha i nā hopena o ka wā pōkole a me nā pōpilikia, i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana o Nan Madol, me nā hoʻomanawanui ʻana a me nā mea basalt kaumaha loa, e pono ai i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike loea. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe kaiāulu e like me ia i ka moʻolelo hou ua luku ʻia kēia kaiāulu e nā ʻano hana keu.
