I ka makahiki 2008, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻepekema i kahi mea kupanaha e pili ana i ke kanaka palaeolithic - he nui nā kiʻi kiʻi ana, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he 40,000 mau makahiki, he huahana maoli nō ia o ka astronomy paʻakikī i loaʻa i ko mākou mau kūpuna kahiko i ka wā ma mua.
ʻO nā kiʻi pena kahiko i manaʻo ʻia he hōʻailona o nā holoholona prehistoric he mau palapala ʻāina hōkū kahiko, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka poʻe akamai i kā lākou ʻike hoihoi.
Hōʻike nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi mua i loaʻa i nā kānaka ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka lani pō i ka wā hau hope loa. Ma ka noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole like lākou me mākou i kēia lā. Akā, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mau kiʻi kiʻi o ke ana i ka ʻike o ke kanaka i nā hōkū a me nā hōkū ma mua o 40,000 mau makahiki aku nei.
ʻO ia ka wā o ka Paleolithic Age, a i kapa ʻia ʻo Old Stone Age - kahi manawa i ka prehistory i ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻomohala mua ʻana o nā mea hana pōhaku e uhi ana ma kahi o 99% o ka manawa o ka prehistory ʻenehana kanaka.
Palapala ʻāina hōkū kahiko
Wahi a ka noiʻi ʻepekema holomua i paʻi ʻia e ke Kulanui o Edinburgh, ua hoʻomalu nā kānaka kahiko i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa ma ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā hōkū i nā kūlana i ka lewa. ʻO nā hana noʻeau kahiko, i loaʻa ma nā wahi like ʻole ma ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona o nā holoholona hihiu, e like me ka mea i manaʻo mua ʻia.
Akā, hōʻike nā hōʻailona holoholona i nā hōkū hōkū i ka lani pō. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hōʻike i nā lā, e hōʻailona ana i nā hanana e like me nā asteroid collisions, eclipses, meteor showers, sunrise and sunset, solstices and equinoxes, lunar phases a pēlā aku.
ʻ suggestlelo nā kānaka ʻepekema ua maopopo ka maopopo o ka poʻe kahiko i ka hopena o ka hoʻololi lohi o ka axis rotation o ka Honua. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hanana, i kapa ʻia ka precession o nā equinoxes, ua hāʻawi ʻia i nā Helene kahiko.
Ua wehewehe kekahi o nā mea noiʻi alakaʻi, ʻo Dr Martin Sweatman, mai ke Kulanui o Edinburgh, “Hōʻike nā kiʻi kiʻi mua i ka ʻike o ka poʻe i ka lani pō i ka wā hau hope loa. Ma ka noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻokoʻa me mākou i kēia lā. TKe kākoʻo nei kēia mau ʻike i ke kumumanaʻo o nā hopena he nui o nā comets i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ke kanaka a e hoʻololi paha i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i nā heluna prehistoric.
ʻIke sophisticated o nā hōkū hōkū
Ua aʻo ka poʻe loea mai nā kulanui ʻo Edinburgh a me Kent i kekahi mau ʻano hana kaulana i nā ana kahiko ma Turkey, Sepania, Farani a me Kelemānia. I kā lākou noiʻi hohonu ʻana, ua hoʻokō lākou i ke au o kēlā mau kiʻi pōhaku ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea pena i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka kahiko.
A laila, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā polokalamu kamepiula, wānana ka poʻe noiʻi i ke kūlana o nā hōkū i ka wā i hana ʻia ai nā kiʻi pena. Ua hōʻike kēia i ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma mua, he mau hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o nā holoholona, hiki ke unuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau hōkū e like me ko lākou ala ʻana i ka wā i hala.
Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe ʻepekema he hōʻike maopopo kēia mau kiʻi kiʻi ana i ka hana ʻana o ka poʻe kahiko i ke ʻano maʻalahi o ka manawa ma muli o ka helu ʻana i nā hōkū. ʻO kēia mau mea a pau, ʻoiai ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kiʻi kiʻi ana i ka manawa e nā ʻumi kaukani makahiki.
"ʻO ke kiʻi kahiko loa o ka honua, ka Liona-Man mai ke ana mai ʻo Hohlenstein-Stadel, mai ka makahiki 38,000 BC, a ua manaʻo ʻia he kūpono pū me kēia ʻōnaehana manawa kahiko," i hōʻike ʻia i nā loea i kahi ʻōlelo mai ke Kulanui o Edinburgh.
Manaʻo ʻia ka statuette pohihihi e hoʻomanaʻo i ka hopena pōʻino o kahi asteroid i hana ʻia ma kahi o 11,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, e hoʻomaka ana i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Younger Dryas Event, kahi manawa o ka hoʻoilo koke ʻana o ke aniau a puni ka honua.
“ʻO ka lā i kālai ʻia i ka 'Pōhaku Manu' o Göbekli Tepe ua unuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he 10,950 BC, ma loko o 250 mau makahiki, ” ua wehewehe i nā ʻepekema i ke aʻo ʻana. "Kākau ʻia kēia lā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā equinoxes, me nā hōʻailona holoholona e pili ana i nā hōkū hōkū e kūlike ana i nā makahiki ʻehā a me nā equinoxes."
Panina
No laila, ʻo kēia ʻike nui e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua paʻakikī ka ʻike o ke kanaka i ka manawa a me ka lewa he mau makahiki ma mua o ka poʻe Helene kahiko, ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻia me nā haʻawina mua o ka ʻike hōkū hou. ʻAʻole wale kēia, aia kekahi mau manawa ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ʻO ka Poʻalani Sumerian, ka Nebra Sky Disk, Papa Palolo Babulonia etc., he ʻike ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike hōkū o kēia wā i loaʻa i ko kākou mau kūpuna kahiko.
