I ka makahiki 1908, he hanana pohihihi i kapa ʻia ʻo Tunguska Event i ʻā ai ka lewa a ʻoi aku ma mua o 80 miliona mau lāʻau i hāʻule. ʻO ka wehewehe mau loa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana he meteorite; akā naʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi lua i loko o ka ʻāpana hopena ua hoʻāla i nā ʻano manaʻo like ʻole.
ʻO ka mea pohihihi o ka hanana Tunguska
I kēlā me kēia makahiki, puhi ʻia ka Honua e nā 16 mau meteorite e hāʻule i ka lewa. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapa nui i kahi mau kakini he kanika i ka nui a liʻiliʻi lākou e ʻike ʻole ʻia. Hiki i kekahi keu ke hana i ka ʻōlinolino i ka lani pō e nalo i loko o kekona kekona, akā… pehea e pili ana i nā meteorite me ka hiki ke hoʻopau i kahi ʻāpana o ka honua?
ʻOiai ʻo ka hopena hou loa o kahi asteroid i hiki ke hoʻokumu i kahi cataclysm ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i hoʻi mai 65 miliona mau makahiki, i ke kakahiaka o Iune 30, 1908, kahi pahū weliweli i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hanana ʻo Tunguska i hoʻoluliluli iā Siberia me ka ikaika o nā pōkā atomika 300.
Ma kahi o ka hola ʻehiku, ua kī ʻia he pōkā ahi nunui ma luna o ka lani ma luna o ka pā o Siberian waena, kahi wahi maikaʻi ʻole kahi e hāʻawi ai nā ululāʻau coniferous i tundra a me nā wahi noho kanaka ʻole.
I loko o kekona kekona, ua hoʻā i ka wela o ka lani a ua luku ʻia ka nui o nā lāʻau ma mua o 80 miliona mau wahi ma kahi o 2,100 kilomika kilomika o ka ululāʻau.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hanana i nā nalu haʻalulu, e like me ka NASA, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā barometers a puni ʻo ʻEulopa a kuʻi i ka poʻe ma mua o 40 mile ka mamao. No nā pō ʻelua aʻe, ua hoʻomālamalama ka lani i ka wā ma ʻAsia a me kekahi mau wahi o ʻEulopa. Eia nō naʻe, no ka paʻakikī o ke kiʻi ʻana i ka wahi a me ka nele o nā kaona kokoke, ʻaʻohe huakaʻi i hoʻokokoke aku i ka pūnaewele i nā makahiki he ʻumikumamākolu e hiki mai ana.
ʻAʻole ia a hiki i ka makahiki 1921 a Leonid Kulik, he ʻepekema ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Mineralogy a me ka loea meteorite o St. akā naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻāina i alakaʻi ʻia i ka holo pono ʻole o ka huakaʻi.
I ka makahiki 1927, ua alakaʻi ʻo Kulik i kahi huakaʻi hou i hōʻea loa i nā kaukani kilomika i puhi ʻia a pūʻiwa ʻo ia, ʻaʻole i waiho ka hanana i kekahi lua pele, ʻo kahi wale nō o 4 mau kilomika ke anawaena e kū mau nei nā lāʻau, akā me ka ʻole o nā lālā, ʻaʻohe ʻili. Ma kahi e puni ana iā ia, he mau kaukani mau lāʻau lalo i kahakaha ʻia ke kikooho no nā mile, akā ʻo ka mea kupaianaha, ʻaʻohe hōʻike o ka lua pele a i ʻole nā ʻāpana meteorite ma ia wahi.
"Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lani i ʻelua a ua ʻike ʻia kahi ahi i luna"
ʻOiai ka huikau, ua hoʻokō ʻo Kulik i ka haki ʻana i ka hermeticism o ka poʻe noho, nāna i hāʻawi i nā hōʻike mua o ka hanana Tunguska.
ʻO ka moʻolelo a S. Semenov, kahi mea ʻike maka he 60 mau mile mai ka hopena a nīnauele ʻia e Kulik, ʻo ia paha ka mea kaulana a kikoʻī o ka pahū.
"I ka manawa ʻaina kakahiaka, e noho ana wau ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hale kia ma Vanavara (…) me ka hikiwawe, ua ʻike au i ka ʻākau, ma ke alanui Tunguska mai Onkoul, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka lani i ʻelua a ua ʻike ʻia ke ahi ma luna a ākea ma luna o ka nahele. māhuahua i ka lani a nui aʻe a uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a pau i ke ahi.
I kēlā manawa ua wela loa wau ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻomanawanui, e like me ke ahi i kuʻu pālule; mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, kahi o ke ahi, puka mai kahi wela nui. Makemake au e haehae i koʻu pālule a hoʻolei i lalo, akā ua paʻa ka lani a kani kahi kani nui a kiola ʻia wau i kekahi mau kapuaʻi.
Ua lilo wau i ka noʻonoʻo no kekahi manawa, akā ua holo i waho kaʻu wahine a lawe iaʻu i ka home (…) I ka wehe ʻana o ka lani, holo ka makani wela ma waena o nā hale, e like me nā canyons, kahi i waiho i nā kahakaha ma ka honua e like me nā alanui, a ʻo kekahi mau mea kanu poino Ma hope ua ʻike mākou ua haki nā puka aniani he nui a i ka hale ʻai, ua haki kahi ʻāpana o ka laka hao. ”
I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana, aia he ʻekolu mau huakaʻi hou i ia wahi. Ua loaʻa ʻo Kulik i mau kekona o nā bogs "pothole" liʻiliʻi, ʻo kēlā me kēia 10 a 50 mau mika ke anawaena, ua manaʻo ʻo ia paha he lua pele meteoro ia.
Ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika nui ʻana i ka hoʻokahe ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau puʻu—ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Suslov's crater", 32 mika ke anawaena-ua ʻike ʻo ia i kahi kumu lāʻau kahiko ma lalo, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana he lua meteoric ia. ʻAʻole hiki iā Kulik ke hoʻoholo i ke kumu maoli o Tunguska Event.
Nā wehewehe i ka hanana Tunguska
Manaʻo ʻo NASA ʻo ka Tunguska Event wale nō ka moʻolelo o kahi meteoroid nui e komo ana i ka Honua i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli, ʻo nā wehewehe no ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi lua a i ʻole nā mea meteorite ma ke kahua o ka hopena i manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻoulu i nā haneli o nā pepa ʻepekema a me nā manaʻo o ka mea i hana ma Tunguska.
ʻO ka mana i ʻae ʻia i kēia lā e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ma ke kakahiaka o Iune 30, 1908, kahi pōhaku ākea ma kahi o 37 mau mika ākea i komo i ka lewa o ka Honua i ka wikiwiki o 53 tausani mau kilomika i kēlā me kēia hola, lawa e hiki i kahi mahana o 24 tausani kekelē celsius.
Mālama kēia wehewehe ʻaʻole i pili ka pahu ahi e hoʻomālamalama ana i ka lani i ka ʻili o ka honua, akā pahū ʻia he ʻewalu mau kilomita ke kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomaka ana i ka nalu haʻalulu e wehewehe ana i ka pōʻino a me nā miliona o nā lāʻau i hina i ka wahi ʻo Tunguska.
A ʻoiai ʻo nā kumumanaʻo hoihoi aʻe me ka ʻole o ke kākoʻo ʻepekema ikaika e noʻonoʻo ʻo ka hanana Tunguska ka hopena o kahi pahū antimatter a i ʻole ke hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi puka ʻeleʻele mini, kahi kuhiakau hou i hana ʻia ma nā helu 2020 i nā wehewehe ikaika.
Wahi a kekahi papahana i paʻiʻia ma ka ʻO Royal Astronomical Society, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka hanana Tunguska e kahi meteorite; Eia nō naʻe, he pōhaku i hana ʻia e ka hao i hiki aku i 200 mau mika ākea a kāwele i ka Honua i kahi mamao loa o 10 mau kilomita ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana i kāna kaʻina, waiho ana i kahi nalu haʻalulu o ka nui i kona ala ʻana i kumu e wela ka lani a me nā miliona e kua ʻia nā lāʻau.
ʻO Tunguska pahū i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā malihini?
I ka 2009, ua ʻōlelo kekahi ʻepekema Lūkini ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa nā malihini i ka meteorite Tunguska 101 mau makahiki i hala aku nei e pale aku i ko mākou honua mai ka luku ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Yuri Lavbin ua loaʻa iā ia nā pōhaku quartz maʻamau ma kahi o ka pahū nui Siberian. He mau aniani ʻelua he mau puka i loko o lākou, kau ʻia i hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā pōhaku i ke kaulahao, a he mau kaha kiʻi ʻē aʻe ko lākou.
"ʻAʻohe o mākou ʻenehana hiki ke paʻi i kēlā mau kaha kiʻi ma nā aniani," wahi a Lavbin. “Ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi silicate ferrum i hiki ʻole ke hana ma nā wahi āpau, koe wale nō i kahi. "
ʻAʻole kēia ka manawa mua i koi ʻia kahi UFO e pili me ka hanana Tunguska e nā ʻepekema. I ka makahiki 2004, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā lālā o ka huakaʻi ʻepekema o ke kahua mokuʻāina ʻo Siberian ʻo "Tunguska Space Phen scenario" ua hiki iā lākou ke wehe i nā palaka o kahi ʻike loea extraterrestrial, i hiolo i ka Honua ma Iune 30th, 1908.
ʻO ka huakaʻi, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Siberian Public State Foundation "Tunguska Space Phen scenario" i hoʻopau i kāna hana ma ke kahua o Tunguska meteorite fall ma ʻAukake 9, 2004. Ua alakaʻi ʻia ka huakaʻi i ka ʻāina e nā kiʻi ākea, ua nānā nā kānaka noiʻi i kahi ākea ākea ma ka kokoke i ke kauhale Poligusa no nā ʻāpana o ka mea lewa i hāʻule i ka Honua i 1908.
Eia hou, ua loaʻa i nā lālā o ka huakaʻi ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "dia" ― ka pōhaku, a nā mea ʻike maka o Tunguska i ʻōlelo pinepine ai i kā lākou mau moʻolelo. Ua hāʻawi nā mea noiʻi i kahi ʻāpana he 50 kilokilo o ka pōhaku i ke kūlanakauhale o Krasnoyarsk e aʻo a kālailai ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻike aʻe a i ʻole ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma kahi o ka hulina pūnaewele.
Panina
Me ka nui o nā noiʻi ʻana, ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Tunguska Event ka mea i paʻa i kekahi o nā hana nui loa o ka 20 kenekulia ― i hopu ʻia e ka poʻe mystics, nā mea aloha UFO a me nā ʻepekema e like me nā hōʻike o nā akua huhū, ke ola extraterrestrial a i ʻole ka hoʻoweliweli e kū nei i kahi hoʻokuʻi cosmic.
