ʻO Jear Diamond ka mea noiʻi ma kāna puke Kaʻi (2005), manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka hemo ʻana o nā lau nahelehele a me nā ʻiole nui loa i hopena i ka erosion nui, kahi hapa nui o nā kumuwaiwai a me nā meaʻai, a, ʻo ka hopena, ka hiolo ʻana o ka Rapanui Society of Easter Island - kahi kuhiakau i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā mea noiʻi nui.
Akā he noiʻi hou e pili ana i ka Prehistory of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) i lawe ʻia e kahi hui ʻepekema a me nā archaeologists o ka honua mai ka Moesgaard Museum ma Aarhus, Denmark; ke Kulanui o Kiel, ma Kelemania, a me ke Kulanui ʻo Pompeu Fabra o Barcelona, ma Sepania, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mea ma ke ala. Ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka mokupuni, ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi moʻo o nā hale kupapaʻu kahiko e paʻa ana i nā koina o ka ʻulaʻula i loko.
ʻO nā ʻike hou i hōʻike ʻia e kēia noi, i paʻi ʻia i loko o ka puke pai ʻO Holocene, manaʻo e hiki i ka moʻolelo o ka Rapanui-hāneʻe ke hana i kahi ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻōlelo nā kānaka noiʻi ua hoʻomau ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā pigment ʻulaʻula i mea nui o ka nohona moʻomeheu o nā kamaʻāina o Pascua me ke ʻano nui o ka hoʻololi i ke kaiaola a me ke kaiapuni.
ʻO kahi hana pigment kupaianaha
Kaulana ʻia ʻo Easter Island ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa no kāna mau kiʻi nunui e like me ke kanaka, ka moai, nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kūpuna o ka poʻe Rapanui. Akā i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā kiʻi, ua hana ka poʻe kamaʻāina o Easter Island i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, e pili ana i ka ʻulaʻula, a ua noi lākou i nā kiʻi o nā ana, petroglyphs, moai ... a me nā ʻano hoʻolewa.
ʻOiai ke kaulana o kēia pigment i ʻike nui ʻia e ka poʻe noiʻi, ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu a me ka hana hana ʻana. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ʻeli a ua alakaʻi ʻia nā mea ʻepekema i nā noiʻi ʻepekema ma nā wahi ʻehā o ka lua, e ʻōlelo ana aia he hana nui a ka pigment ma ka mokupuni.
ʻO nā lua e kū nei ma Easter ka waiwai i nā huna liʻiliʻi o nā mea hao hao, hematite a me ka maghemite, nā minelala i loaʻa i ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā loiloi Geochemical i lawe ʻia ma microcarbons a me nā phytoliths (ke koena o ka nui o nā mea kanu) hōʻike i ka hoʻomehana ʻia o nā minelala, malia paha e kiʻi i kahi kala mālamalama. Ua hoʻopili ʻia kekahi o nā lua, kahi e hōʻike ai ua hoʻohana ʻia ia mau mea ʻelua no ka hana a me ka mālama ʻana o kēia mau pigment.
ʻO nā meaola i loaʻa i nā lua o ka mokupuni ʻo Easter e hele mai ma Panicoideae, nā mea kanu o ka lālā o ka mauʻu. Manaʻo nā kānaka noiʻi ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau phytolith i ʻāpana o ka wahie i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomehana i nā pigment.
Ua nānā ʻia nā lua kupapaʻu ma ka mokupuni ma waena o ka makahiki 1200 a me ka makahiki 1650. Ma Vaipú Este, ke kahua i loaʻa ai ka hapa nui o nā lua kupapaʻu, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi he nui ka nui o lākou e waiho ana ma kahi i loaʻa ai nā aʻa pāma, a ma Poike hoʻi, kahi kahi ua loaʻa ka lua kupapaʻu. Hōʻike kēia i ka hana ʻana o nā pigment ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke ahi ʻana o nā lau nahele lāʻau kahiko.
Hōʻike kēia ʻoiai ʻo ka nalowale ʻana o nā mea kanu lāʻau pāma, ua hoʻomau ka lehulehu prehistoric o Easter Island i ka hana pigment, a ma kahi pae nui. Kūlike kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo me ke kuhiakau mua o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o nā mea kanu i hopena i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka nohona. Hāʻawi ka ʻike iā mākou i nā ʻike hou i ka maʻalahi o nā kānaka e kū ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni.
Panina
I ka hopena, ua koe nā nīnau, pehea i luku ʻia ka poʻe Rapanui mai kēlā moku? No ke aha lākou i nalowale hiki ʻole ai? Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau nīnau e pili ana i ko lākou kumu maoli, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ia ma ka moku kahi i hele mai ai lākou. ʻO ka pilikanaka a me ka moʻomeheu mai nā ʻano āpau, ua hōʻike lākou i ka naʻauao a me ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka mōʻaukala, akā ʻo ko lākou luku ʻia ʻana me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka haki ka mea pohihihi nui a hiki i keia la. I kēia manawa, ʻike wale ko mākou mau maka i kekahi o nā kiʻi kālai ʻia a me nā hana lima i waiho ʻia e kēia kaiāulu nui e pīhoihoi a pīhoihoi iā mākou a hiki i kēia lā.
