Mai ka wanaʻao o ka lāhui, ua ʻike nā kānaka i nā hana maʻamau a wehewehe ʻole ʻia e manaʻo nui ʻia e hele mai ana mai kahi honua ʻē aʻe, e kaena ana i nā poʻe akamai. Mai nā ana-prehistoric ana a hiki i kēia lā-ʻepekema, nui nā mea o nā kumu a me nā kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia, a ʻo ke kumuhana kontroversial loa o lākou ka "Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hele mai ana mai kahi ākea" ʻo ia, e like me ka poʻe he nui, hiki ke lilo i hōʻike maoli o ke ola extraterrestrial holomua.
Nā manaʻo e na Physicists Philip Morrison lāua ʻo Giuseppe Cocconi:
ʻO Cornell physicists Philip Morrison lāua ʻo Giuseppe Cocconi i kuhi i loko o kahi pepa noiʻi 1959 i loaʻa kekahi nā mea'ē aʻe ke hoʻāʻo nei e kamaʻilio e kamaʻilio ma o nā lekiō lekiō e hoʻohana ana i ke alapine o 1420 megahertz (21 centimetre), i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka mea maʻamau i Universe, Hydrogen; a he maʻa mau ia i nā mea loea a pau a i ʻole ka naʻauao.
ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe i kiʻi ʻia mai Arecibo mai:
I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope ma 1968, aia kekahi mau hōʻike o nā hōʻailona ʻike ʻole ʻia mai ke ākea i kiʻi ʻia mai ka teleskope radio Arecibo ma Pokoliko. Hiki ke loaʻa he mau nūhou nūhou mai ka 1968 kahi i haʻi ʻia ai kēia mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e like me kekahi mau hōʻike e pili ana i ka noho ʻana o nā mea extraterrestrial kiʻekiʻe loa. I kēlā manawa, ʻo Kauka Frank Donald Drake ka mea i kaulana no kāna hoʻohālikelike eponymous (Kaulike Drake) no ka likelika o ke ola extraterrestrial, lawe i kona hoihoi i kēia mau hanana ʻano ʻē.
ʻO ka pepeiao nui:
ʻElima mau makahiki ma hope ma 1973, ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i kahi ana nui o nā kumu lekiō extragalactic, ua hāʻawi ʻia ke Kulanui ʻo Ohio State i ka ʻānō-defunct ʻO ka Observatory Radio State University o Ohio a i ʻole aka "Ka pepeiao nui" (a laila aia ma kahi kokoke i ka Perkins Observatory ma Delaware, Ohio, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa) i ka ʻimi ʻepekema no ka ʻike extraterrestrial (SETI). ʻO ia ka papahana holo lōʻihi o kona ʻano i ka mōʻaukala.
ʻO ka leka Arecibo:
I kēia makahiki aʻe, ua noʻonoʻo ʻo Kauka Drake i kahi ʻanuʻu i mua a hana kupanaha i kahi leka me ke kōkua mai Carl Sagan, ka mea i makemake nui ʻia e "ʻO ka leka Arecibo", kahi leka uila lewa uila e lawe ana i ka ʻike pili e pili ana i ke kanaka a me ka Honua i hoʻouna ʻia i ka hōʻiliʻili hōkū globular Galaxy M13 me ka lana o ka manaʻo e loaʻa a wehe ʻia ia e ka ʻike extraterrestrial.
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| Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa a ka leka me nā kala. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka binary maoli i lawe ʻole i ka ʻike kala. |
"ʻO ka leka Arecibo" Aia i ʻehiku mau ʻāpana i encode i ka mea aʻe (mai luna a lalo):
- Nā helu ʻekahi (1) i ka ʻumi (10) (keʻokeʻo)
- ʻO nā helu ʻĀtoma o nā mea, hydrogen carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, a me phosphorus, nā mea e hana ai i ka deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (poni)
- ʻO ke kumuhana no nā sugars a me nā kumu i loko o nā nucleotides o DNA (ʻōmaʻomaʻo)
- Ka helu o nā nucleotides i loko o DNA, a me kahi kiʻi o ka hana helix pālua o DNA (keʻokeʻo & polū)
- Kahi kiʻi kiʻi o kahi kanaka, ke ana (ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino) o kahi kāne maʻamau, a me ka heluna kanaka o ka Honua (ʻulaʻula, uliuli / keʻokeʻo, & keʻokeʻo.
- ʻO kahi kiʻi o ka ʻōnaehana Solar e hōʻike ana i kahi o nā paneta ka leka e hele mai ana (melemele)
- ʻO kahi kiʻi o ka telecope lekiō Arecibo a me ke ana (ke anawaena o ke kino) o ka pā antenna hoʻoili (poni, keʻokeʻo, & polū)
Ma Nowemapa 16, 1974, ma kahi hanana kūikawā e māka ai i ka hana hou ʻana o ka telecope lekiō Arecibo ma Pokoliko, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka leka i ka lewa i hoʻokahi manawa ma o nā nalu uila.
ʻO ka hōʻailona Wow:
Ma ʻAukake 15, 1977, ua loaʻa i ka teleskope lekiō ʻo Big Ear o ke Kulanui ʻo Ohio State kahi hōʻailona lekiō ikaika kaha i hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo i ka ʻimi no ka ʻike extraterrestrial. Ua hele mai ka hōʻailona mai ka hōkū ʻo Sagittarius a hāpai i nā hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻia no ka kumu extraterrestrial. ʻO 72 wale nō kekona ka lōʻihi o ka lekiō a ʻaʻole ia i lohe hou ʻia.
Ua ʻike ʻo Astronomer a me kahi mea noiʻi SETI, ʻo Jerry R. Ehman, i kēia anomaly i kekahi mau lā ma hope aku e nānā ana i ka ʻike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua. Kahaha loa ʻo ia i ka hopena a puni ʻo ia i ka heluhelu ʻana (6EQUJ5) ma ka paʻi paʻi kamepiula a kākau i ka manaʻo Wow! ma kona ʻaoʻao, e alakaʻi ana i ka hanana i hoʻohana ʻia ka inoa. ʻElua mau waiwai ʻokoʻa no ka Wow! hāʻawi ʻia ke alapine o ka hōʻailona: 1420.36 MHz e JD Kraus a me 1420.46 MHz na Jerry R. Ehman, ua pili loa lāua ʻelua i ka waiwai o 1420.41 MHz o ka laina hydrogen, e like me ka wānana a Morrison a me Cocconi.
ʻO Wow! ua manaʻo ʻia he hōʻailona kekahi o nā phenomena astronomical pohihihi nui loa a ka poʻe he nui e manaʻo nei e lawe i kahi leka kamaʻilio mai Extraterrestrial Intelligence. ʻOiai kahi hui o nā mea noiʻi me ka Center of Planetary Science (CPS) i hōʻoia pololei i kā lākou mea hou Pepa noiʻi 2017 ua hoʻokumu maoli ʻia kēia hōʻailona mystical e kahi kometa.
ʻO ka Crop Circle Phenomena:
Ma hope o 27 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka "The Arecibo Message," i ka makahiki 2001, ua loaʻa ke ʻano o ka hanana pōʻai i kekahi manawa kūpono ke nānā ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona i ke ʻano o ka pane ʻana i ka hoʻolaha 1974 ma kahi pono o ka teleskope nui loa o Pelekane, ka Chilbolton, a me ka hale nānā. , home i ka radar meteorological steerable nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ia kekahi o nā pōʻai mea kanu kupaianaha loa e kū mai, me ka nānā ʻole inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hana ʻia e nā kānaka a i ʻole ka ʻike extraterrestrial.
Ma luna kahi kiʻi o ka mea e like me ka pane i ka leka i hoʻouna ʻia ma 1974 e NASA (hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kiʻi mua o kēia pou no ka nānā pono ʻana). Hōʻike ka leka i kahi ʻōnaehana o ka lā ʻokoʻa, kahi kiʻi o ka mea hoʻouna e like me ka memo NASA o ka Arecibo, DNA non-kanaka, a me ka antenna microwave ma kahi o ka antena nalu radio i hōʻike ʻia i loko o kā mākou.
ʻO ka helehelena āu e ʻike ai ma laila i ʻike ʻia ʻekolu mau lā ma mua o ke kiʻi huinahā. Hōʻike ka maka i kahi hana hou i ka hanauna pōʻai mea kanu, kahi hana loiloi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka paʻi ʻana i kahi alo ma kahi ʻāpana. ʻOiai manaʻo ka ʻepekema nui e kākau ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hoax, e like me ka hapa nui o nā pōʻai mea kanu i loko.
ʻAʻole nui ka poʻe i ʻike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā pōʻai mea kanu i ka honua holoʻokoʻa a no nā makahiki he nui he mau kaukani hōʻike e pili ana i nā hanana pōʻai i hōʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO kekahi o kā lākou hoʻolālā he paʻakikī a kikoʻī loa e pīhoihoi i ka poʻe nānā, nā kānaka noiʻi, a me nā ʻepekema.
ʻAʻole wale ia, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hoʻolālā e hoʻoili pinepine ʻia me ka uila, maʻamau me nā piko o kekahi o nā mea kanu i puhi ʻia ma kekahi ʻaoʻao. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kekahi o lākou me nā huna ʻume mākenē ʻē. Ua hana kope ʻia kēia hopena e ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka microwave i hoʻonoho ʻia, a ʻo ia ke kumu e vaporized ai ka wai i loko o kēlā mau mea kanu, a laila hoʻopau loa i ka waihona i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao.
Ua alakaʻi kēia mea i kekahi poʻe physicist e hana hou i ka noiʻi e pili ana i kēia mau phenomena, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā mea hana hewa (i loaʻa ʻole i ka hana o ka pōʻai mea kanu, ma nā wahi āpau) e hoʻohana nei i nā hāmeʻa GPS, nā kukuna, a me nā hawewe ahi e hana i kēia mau geometric hoʻomakaʻi. nā ʻano.
Nā Hōʻailona Kupaianaha o ka Radio Radio Fast:
Mai ka 2007, ua pūʻiwa ka nānā ʻana o nā kānaka noiʻi i kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe a i ʻole kani ʻia i kāhea ʻia Pahu Radio wikiwiki (FRB) e hele mai ana ma waho o kā mākou galaxy ponoʻi pinepine. Kapa ʻia nā Radio Bursts wikiwiki e ka lā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka hōʻailona, ʻo "FRB YYMMDD". ʻO ka lekiō wikiwiki loa i haʻi ʻia e wehewehe ʻia, ka Lorimer Burst FRB 010724, ua ʻike ʻia ma 2007 i ka waihona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka Parkes Observatory ma 24 Iulai 2001.
He nui aku i ka 150 hōʻike hōʻike hōʻikeʻike no ka pahū ʻana o Radio a hiki i kēia lā akā ʻaʻole kokoke ka poʻe loea i ka ʻike maoli ʻana i ke ʻano o ia - a no hea mai ia. E waiho maʻalahi, ua like ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻailona me ka lohe ʻana i kahi kani nui a laila huli a loaʻa ʻole kahi mea. Waiho ʻia nā Stargazers me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona a ʻaʻohe o lākou manaʻo i ke ʻano o ke kani a ka leo.
Nā Kumumanaʻo ma hope o ka wikiwiki o ka Radio Radio (FRB):
Aia kekahi mau manaʻo e puka mai nā poha mai nā hōkū neutron nunui e hoʻopuka nei i nā kukuna nui, i kapa ʻia pulsars, a i ʻole ke emanating paha lākou mai nā puka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā hōkū neutron e kaʻa nei me nā māla ikaika ikaika loa. No ka mea, ua ʻōlelo nā kānaka noiʻi Harvard ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia FRB e ka huakaʻi hele malihini a i ʻole ka ʻenehana ʻenehana mua. Akā lana ka manaʻolana he hiki i kahi ola ʻē ke hoʻāʻo nei e launa.
ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hele mai ana ma Ross 128:
Ma Mei 12, 2017, ua nānā nā kānaka noiʻi ma Arecibo Observatory i nā hōʻailona pohihihi e hele mai ana Ross 128, kahi hōkū dwarf ʻulaʻula aia ma kahi o 11 mau makahiki māmā mai ka Honua. Aia ka hōkū ma kahi o 2,800 mau manawa mālamalama ma mua o ka lā a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka wā o nā hoku, a ʻo ia ka hōkū 15th kokoke loa i ka Lā.
Wahi a nā hōʻike, ua ʻike ʻia ka hōkū he ʻumi mau minuke, a ʻo ia manawa ka "lekiō" a ua emi ka pinepine o ka lepa uila. ʻAʻohe o nā hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia ma nā noi hou ʻana e Arecibo, akā ua ʻōlelo kekahi e hana maoli ʻia nā hōʻailona mai ke alalai pinepine ʻana o ka lekiō mai kahi satellite like e hoʻopuni ana i ka Honua, a hoʻomau ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hana hou nei ma kēlā me kēia lā 16.35:
Ua ʻike koke kahi hui o nā kānaka noiʻi Kanada i kahi hōʻailona lekiō pohihihi e hele mai ana mai kahi galaxy aia he 500 miliona mau makahiki māmā e hoʻi pinepine i ka manawa o 16.35 mau lā. A ʻaʻohe mea maopopo lea i ke kumu o lākou.
Ka Hopena:
I nā hihia ʻano ʻole, ma lalo o nā ʻano pohihihi, ke lawe nei i nā mea āpau mai kahi kuanaʻike maʻamau ko mākou ʻano hānau. I kēia ala, hoʻāʻo mākou e hōʻoia i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a i kekahi manawa iā mākou iho. No laila, he aha kou manaʻo i kēia mau hōʻailona kūwaho kūwaho nā phenomena?? Manaʻo ʻole e kaʻana i kāu mau manaʻo waiwai i ka pahu manaʻo ma lalo.
